Chainsaw Ural 2T Electron. Specifications. Operating instructions, maintenance features

The Ural 2T Electron chainsaw is designed for use in difficult conditions and for operations with large-sized trees and workpieces made from them. The most applicable areas are felling and bucking trees. The device can be used in aggressive conditions at critical low and high temperatures. The saw is mobile and does not depend on a power source. For long-term storage it is preserved using fuels and lubricants.

Chainsaw Ural 2T Electron

Description

Chainsaws "Ural" are products of a Russian machine-building plant located in the city of Perm. Currently, production has been moved to the city of Biysk. The Ural chainsaw is a kind of improved version of the Druzhba chainsaw, which was very popular several decades ago. Now Druzhba chainsaws are used more for domestic purposes, while Ural saws are produced for professional purposes.

Photo of the Friendship chainsaw

The first Ural chainsaw was released in 1935, since then the manufacturer’s product range has expanded significantly, the range of chainsaws is represented by both household and professional models with two-stroke gasoline engines. The advantages of Ural chainsaws over domestic analogues are the following technical characteristics:

• the ability to work for a long time on fuel of any quality (even medium-purified gasoline is suitable);
• omnivorous oils (any oil is suitable for 2T gasoline engines);
• large selection of spare parts and their reasonable cost;
• easy setup of the chainsaw;
• availability of models for specific tasks (household, professional, semi-professional);
• powerful motors, the ability to withstand intense loads, operation at any time of the year at any temperature.

Chainsaw Ural 2T Electron
The purpose of Ural chainsaws is very wide: tools of this category are successfully used in sawmills, sawmills, logging industries, in everyday life, and for municipal needs. Suitable for remodeling, can be used as a technique for harvesting firewood, cutting boards and beams. Another area of ​​exploitation: construction of wooden houses, baths, saunas, cottages.

Chainsaw Ural 2T Electron is a saw for professional use. Equipped with a gasoline engine with a power of 5.5 horsepower. This power is equivalent to 4045 W. The saw is used for working with large-diameter trees, for harvesting wood, and for felling trees. Owners of the Ural 2T Electron chainsaw often talk about the possibility of converting this tool into a more universal one, for example, the Ural 2T Electron is often converted into a boat motor.

Chainsaw Ural 2T

This “second life” for the device is made possible thanks to the sustainability of the materials, high power and functionality of the device. Some owners even install a 2T Electron motor on a moped or snowmobile, or a household snow blower. The technical characteristics of the engine are such that it operates successfully in both cold and wet weather. Such homemade units, according to reviews from owners, are in no way inferior to the original equipment.

Characteristics

Friendship-2

This model became one of the most popular of the entire original series. The Druzhba-2 chainsaw is powered by a two-stroke single-cylinder engine with a power of about 2.2 kW and a rotation speed of 3200 rpm. Compared to the previous version, this one was performed with better quality. The frame and handle are made in such a way that the user cannot get burned on the hot engine. The case is made of high-quality alloy, which is not afraid of temperature changes. Unlike the first model, this one already has a mechanical chain brake for safe use. In the event of a rebound or breakage, it will stop the chain. The saw was intended both for domestic needs and for professional felling of forests. Weight 12.5 kg.

Friendship-4

The Friendship 4 chainsaw uses the same engine as the previous model, but with more power – 4 hp. or 2.94 kW. The engine and power unit are installed using a flange connection secured with a clamp. If necessary (repair, replacement), the engine can be easily removed in any conditions. Based on the Druzhba 4 saw, two modifications were produced, marked 4A and 4E. The first one added an automatic saw chain lubrication system, and the second one used electronic ignition. The shortcomings of previous models were also taken into account, for example, the crankshaft bearing was strengthened. All versions were produced with an emergency braking system.

The Friendship 4M-Electron chainsaw uses a similar engine with a power of 2.94 kW and a rotation speed of 5200 rpm. The cylinder is made of aluminum alloy, and the inside is treated with chrome to increase wear resistance. Unlike earlier versions, this chainsaw is equipped with a rotary gearbox, which allows you to rotate the saw unit by 60-90° for more convenient operation. The weight is distributed evenly throughout the body to make work as comfortable as possible. There is also a vibration damping device located between the steering wheel with handles, struts and the gas tank.

To reduce the noise level, the saw is equipped with a muffler, and the noise level is 106 dB. The Druzhba 4M-Electron chainsaw is equipped with a KMP-100U or KMP-100-AR carburetor. There are automatic braking and saw chain lubrication systems. Weight 12.5 kg.

Friendship-5E

The latest version of this series of chainsaws released. Equipped with a two-stroke single-cylinder engine with a power of 5 hp. or 3.7 kW. Due to this, its performance is noticeably higher than that of previous models. Rotation speed 6200 rpm. At the same time, the noise level emitted is slightly lower than that of Druzhba-4M Electron, and is 105 dB. The weight of the 5E chainsaw is 800 grams less - 11.7 kg.

Table with technical characteristics of Druzhba chainsaws:

Basic configuration, equipment, assembly

Basic equipment of the Ural 2T Electron chainsaw:

• engine power 5.5 horsepower;
• starter (ignition system);
• stop/start button;
• gas line;
• saw blade, chain;
• handles for holding a chainsaw;
• muffler;
• package;
• operating instructions, engine manual.

Production and assembly of the Ural 2T Electron chainsaw: Perm Machine-Building Plant named after. F. E. Dzerzhinsky. Assembly and production are not carried out in China; equipment from a Chinese manufacturer is a fake.

Chain for chainsaw "Ural-2T-Electron"

The sawing apparatus of the Ural chainsaw is based on a 46-centimeter bar, equipped with a removable saw chain, which is removed from the tool during periods of prolonged non-use. During operation, the chain stretches, so it must be adjusted from time to time. The new chain stretches the most, so its tension must be monitored all the time. After use, the chain requires sharpening. This task is performed using a cylindrical round file with a diameter of five to six millimeters. To achieve the best results, when sharpening the chain is not removed from the bar, but the tension is increased.

Instructions for use and maintenance

A detailed assembly diagram and operating diagram of the chainsaw are described in the instructions. We provide only the basic rules for operating and maintaining the tool. Immediately after assembly, we recommend that you break in the chainsaw and let the tool operate for several hours in normal mode while maintaining the factory carburetor settings. Later, you can adjust the carburetor as needed by the owner.

Rules for safe operation of the Ural 2T Electron chainsaw

• protect all parts of the body from damage when working with a chainsaw (it is recommended to use special protective shields for the right hand, as well as anti-vibration gloves, glasses or a plastic one-piece mask for the whole face, headphones to suppress noise);
• do not smoke when operating a chainsaw, smoking may cause a fire;
• Keep animals or children away from the area where the chainsaw is used;
• always turn off the tool if visual contact with the surface being cut is not possible;
• use the correct ratio for mixing oil and gasoline (for Ural chainsaws this ratio is 1:25);
• Perform tool maintenance in a timely manner and ensure that there is oil available to lubricate the chain.

Chainsaw maintenance

• regular maintenance - after completion of work and before starting sawing;
• monitor the condition of the chain, the degree of lubrication of the chain and blade, the presence of burrs on the chain sprockets;
• change the fuel mixture on time, use high-quality oil, good gasoline - this will extend the life of the chainsaw;
• It is recommended to adjust the carburetor after running in the tool (after the first 5 hours of operation) and then perform it as necessary.

Carburetor KMP-100U of the Ural-2T Electron chainsaw

Main malfunctions of the model and their elimination

Let's look at the main reasons why a chainsaw refuses to work, as well as possible ways to eliminate such problems.

• The Ural 2T Electron chainsaw does not want to start or starts stalling right during operation.

The reason for this malfunction may be the following: clogged filters, low-quality fuel, low oil, insufficient lubrication on the saw blade.

Solving the problem: cleaning the filters, monitoring the level of fuel and lubricants.

• Sawing occurs with difficulty; as a result of the operation of the chainsaw, only small chips are formed.

Reason: Chain needs to be sharpened.

Sharpen with a special file or replace the chain.

Specifications

• two-stroke engine with one cylinder;
• motor power 3.67 kW or 5.5 horsepower;
• crankshaft rotation speed – 16200 per minute;
• fuel consumption - 632 g/kW*h;
• cylinder diameter in the engine – 55 mm;
• fuel tank capacity - 1.6 liters;
• lubricant capacity - 0.24 liters;
• guide bar length – 460 mm;
• number of links of a standard chain – 64 pcs;
• groove width – 1.6 mm;
• useful length of the sawing apparatus – 460 mm;
• overall dimensions - 46x46x88 cm;
• weight – 11.7 kg.

It is necessary to carry out timely running-in of the engine for long-term and reliable operation. The initial start of the engine must be done at idle speed without load, that is, without using a saw for cutting. Moreover, use an enriched composition of the fuel mixture.

For break-in, it is enough to use up four tanks of fuel. Afterwards, you can start working, but using the same rich mixture. This will protect the engine from breakdowns, cylinder scuffing and will allow all moving parts to run in better.

How much horsepower and engine power

The Ural 2 Electron chain saw is a professional-level tool. Engine power after the recommended 24-hour break-in is 5.5 horsepower. This is the equivalent of 4.05 kW, which is a very good power indicator. Therefore, owners of such saws often convert the chainsaw motor into a boat motor.

Owner reviews

Roman, Krasnodar:

“I used an Electron 2T chainsaw while I had the opportunity, then I made a small modification and made myself a snow blower. This homemade product was very useful to me in everyday life. I had to tinker, and I needed to set up a lot of things and buy additional parts, but I managed. Now I use a snow blower with a 2T engine, it helps a lot in winter. Instead of the Urals, I bought another model of chainsaw, a German one. I was satisfied with the quality of the domestic chainsaw, but it was time to change something. I don't regret the new purchase. The Urals also have their pros and cons.

Among the disadvantages, I can highlight the heavy weight, the saw is more for professionals than for beginners, as well as high fuel consumption.

Advantages: power, functionality, technical parameters.”

Basic malfunctions and ways to eliminate them

The main malfunctions of the 2T model saw or modern analogues are related to the operation of the power unit or circuit. Difficulty starting the engine occurs when there is no fuel in the tank or carburetor chamber. The service instructions recommend checking the fuel level in the tank and pumping liquid into the chamber. A problem with engine operation occurs when the flexible fuel line is clogged or an excessively rich mixture floods the spark plug.

Ignition system failures occur when fuel or oil gets on the electrodes or the gap is broken. The repair consists of cleaning the spark plug and adjusting the gap; the worn part is replaced with a product recommended by the manufacturer. Sparking failures occur when the additional resistance or metal conductors of the power cable are damaged. Damaged insulation of the ignition wires or malfunction of magneto structural elements also has a negative impact on the operation of the spark plug.

If the engine starts and stalls, check that there is no water in the fuel tank. Additionally, the gaskets installed at the junction line of the engine body parts, cylinder and carburetor are inspected. The check is carried out by applying a soap solution; if bubbles appear when turning the crankshaft, then you will need to replace the gaskets and grind the metal mating surfaces. Engine malfunctions occur when the carburetor is clogged or incorrectly configured.

Engine overheating is possible when excessive load is applied to a new or overhauled power unit. Before using the Ural saw, it is necessary to grind the unit parts in a gentle mode; the running-in time is 5-6 hours (indicated in the technical documentation). Overheating of a run-in engine indicates a lean mixture or clogging of the ventilation ducts with a mixture of sawdust and oil. To restore functionality, you will need to adjust the carburetor and clean the chainsaw body from foreign objects and debris.

Overheating of the gearbox housing indicates slipping of the clutch mechanism; it is necessary to adjust the tightening of the springs. Dull chain teeth increase the load on the gear train and engine. To increase work productivity, it is necessary to sharpen the tool and check the condition and geometry of the tire. Bent or broken elements must be replaced. Increased noise and increased gas formation indicate a breakdown of the muffler and incorrect carburetor adjustment (excessively rich mixture).

Fig.11

In this case, part of the tides is removed, forming a channel for supplying hot gases from the cylinder to heat the carburetor in cold weather. In the short part of the channel in the newly formed hole, an MB thread is cut and a plug 6-7 mm long is installed. This prevents gas leakage from the cylinder. When using the engine in winter, a plug is also placed in the cut of the long channel. The standard plugs are removed and both parts of the channel are connected using a metal tube with fittings.

CLUTCH UPDATE

When using a chainsaw engine on units and devices that have a rigid coupling between the load and the engine, a centrifugal (standard) clutch is not suitable. Therefore, in such cases it is blocked, and the smoothness of the ride when starting off is ensured by a friction device. The gearbox is removed from the engine, as well as the drive coupling half.

The friction shoes are removed from the drive half of the coupling. Four pieces (two in pairs) are cut out of a steel strip or sheet steel 4 mm thick using a hacksaw and blocks are made from them according to the drawings ( Fig. 12 ).

Comparison with Friendship

Ural and Druzhba are very similar and were produced at the same enterprise, but they still have differences:

• The Ural is more powerful, 5.5 horses versus 4 for Druzhba;
• The Friendship chainsaw is 1.2 kg heavier;
• The Ural drive allows you to rotate the saw bar 90 degrees for easier work when felling trees;
• The Ural handles are placed on top, this allows you to work for a long time in heavy snow and creates less stress on the feller’s back;
• The Urals have a chain lubrication system when sawing, which significantly extends the service life of the saw;
• The hydraulic wedge is included in the standard kit of the Ural Electron 2 saw; it allows you to fell trees in a given direction.

Fig.2

Use two MZx10 screws to tighten it to the console so that the screw heads are on the inside of the console. Using two standard M4 screws, the console is secured to the carburetor body. An M4 screw (stud) 62 mm long with a pre-screwed lock nut is screwed into the M4 threaded hole of the uterus ( photo 2 ).

At the end of the pin facing downwards, select a slot for a screwdriver. Drive the screw all the way into the bent flag on the throttle valve axis. Tighten the screw enough so that the damper opens slightly. Do not tighten the locknut yet. The final adjustment of the idle speed on the assembled, warm engine is carried out according to the instructions. But now, instead of adjusting the speed with the standard control lever, the speed is adjusted with a new adjusting screw. The throttle cable and shifter for setting constant speeds are used from motorcycles. In some cases, the shifter is replaced with a throttle handle (also from a motorcycle) if it is necessary to automatically reset the speed when releasing the handle in emergency situations. A new cable tip is made from brass or steel wire rod in the form of a cylinder d4.5 mm for the throttle valve lever (flag). Using a 2 mm drill, make a hole in the cylinder on the side in the middle. The cylinder is put on the end of the cable and soldered. The throttle valve control unit assembly is shown in Fig. 3 .

Purpose

In the USSR, 2 models of chainsaws were mass-produced - the Ural and Druzhba, and there was also the Parma electric saw. The Druzhba model was planned for small farms and was a “folk” product, and the Ural model was positioned as a professional-level tool intended for logging on an industrial scale.

Although in general these two saws are very similar, the Ural, as a more professional tool, has the ability to rotate the blade to a horizontal position in order to cut down a tree trunk while standing and not put so much strain on the operator’s back.

The use of the Urals in everyday life or at work greatly facilitates the already physically difficult work of loggers. This chainsaw can not only cut down trees, but also use it as an assistant in construction and household work, dismantling, bucking, and sawing firewood.

Fig.6

The modified control coil is put in place, and a bracket with a carrier is installed under it and both parts are tightened with standard screws and nuts. After this, the magneto is put in place ( photo 8 ).

Springs are installed on M4x35 screws, placing washers under them on both sides. The landing spots of the washers on the magneto are lubricated with thick lubricant. The screws are screwed in instead of the magneto mounting studs and the magneto is pressed to the crankcase through springs.

A rod is made from a steel bar d4 mm. Ears made of 2 mm thick sheet steel are soldered to the rod ( Fig. 7 ).

Setting algorithm

Calibrating the carburetor of the Ural 2 Electron saw involves changing the amount of the fuel mixture and its quality characteristics. There are two types of adjustment.

Setting idle speed

Before proceeding with the adjustment, you should make sure that:

1. The engine runs smoothly and the chain does not move.
2. There is no strong smoke.

The adjustment algorithm looks like this:

1. The Ural saw engine starts and warms up a little. Screw No. 3 sets the minimum speed so that the chain remains in place. If the mixture is too rich (strong smoke comes from the exhaust pipe), then screw No. 1 should be tightened a little. This will reduce smoke and increase speed.
2. Then you need to return all settings to the level of minimum and stable speed. This is done by partially unscrewing screw No. 3.
3. The next step is to test the engine for throttle response. If, after pressing the throttle lever firmly, the revolutions quickly go up, then everything is done correctly, and screw No. 3 must be securely fixed in this position.

If the engine stops working or the speed increases slowly, screw No. 1 should be turned out a little. In order to increase the speed, screw No. 3 is tightened slightly. Afterwards, the Ural saw engine is re-checked for throttle response.

Setting the maximum power

Power adjustment on the Ural 2 Electron chainsaw is carried out only after the break-in period has expired (it is 25 hours of operation) and after adjusting the idle speed.

Not fully tightening the propeller means introducing more air and less fuel. When the screw is unscrewed, the opposite happens, that is, the combustible mixture becomes richer. The most preferred position of the screws can only be determined experimentally.

When setting up the Ural carburetor, you must remember the following principles for the proper operation of the chainsaw:

1. The engine should always have good cutting performance and smoke should be moderate.
2. The engine should always have excellent throttle response. At the same time, during the process of cutting wood, the chain should not stop, the saw should not overheat, and the engine should not slow down on its own.

If a complete misadjustment of the carburetor occurs and the engine stops starting, it is recommended to perform the following actions:

1. Screw No. 1 is screwed in completely until it stops, and then turned out one turn, no more.
2. Screw No. 2 is tightened to the limit, and then turned out half a turn.

This will allow you to return the adjusting screws to their original position, and then carry out proper adjustment of the carburetor of the Ural chainsaw according to the standards described above.