What oil is better to fill in the gearbox of the Neva MB-2 walk-behind tractor

Types of walk-behind tractor gearboxes

The Neva can have two types of engines - diesel or gasoline. Less often electric. The purpose of the gearbox itself remains unchanged. Known types of mechanism are presented in the table.

In addition to those described above, there are homemade products that combine several types. All of them must be provided with high-quality lubrication, otherwise they will wear out quickly.

Neva has its own patented type of mechanism called Multiagro. This element is characterized as follows:

• the number of gears has been increased;
• increased gear ratio;
• wheels are separated, which improves maneuverability;
• withstands serious loads due to the powerful body;
• The body part is sealed with a special sealant;
• streamlined shape.

Multiagro gearbox
Thanks to the use of such a gearbox, the walk-behind tractor has capabilities that are unavailable to competitors.

You should select different lubricants for the engine and the gearbox itself ; you cannot replace them at your own discretion. Motor oil is poured into the engine; it is liquid and its characteristics are not at all suitable for gearboxes.

The season of operation, as well as the model of the unit, matters. There are strict GOST standards that specify quality standards.

It is important to purchase only a new container of oil, checking the indicated expiration date. It is better to make purchases in specialized stores where the seller is licensed with other documents confirming the manufacturer’s data and the quality of the oil.

We also recommend reading an interesting article about the types of gearboxes for walk-behind tractors.

Classification of oil grades

To increase the service life of a gasoline or diesel engine, you need to make the right choice of engine oil. Failure to replace it in a timely manner reduces the service life of the engine. How to choose it, in what quantity, how to pour it into the walk-behind tractor - we’ll talk about this in more detail.

Each mini-tractor or walk-behind tractor includes instructions and a product data sheet. In the instructions, the manufacturer lists suitable types of fuel and lubricants that can extend the life of the equipment. Engine oil performs the following functions:

During air cooling, the lubricant settles on the walls of the hot cylinder. These deposits contaminate engine parts and complicate lubrication processes. Therefore, the lubricant contains antioxidant additives. They clean the cylinder walls from carbon deposits and extend the service life of the walk-behind tractor. Different climate zones require the use of different oily liquids. They differ in viscosity, composition and purpose.

By viscosity

Viscosity is determined according to SAE J300 standard. For mechanisms it depends on the following characteristics:

• unit design;
• features of work;
• age of the mechanism;
• ambient air temperature.

Motor oils are divided into winter and summer. Winter ones are designated with the letter W. Low-viscosity winter grades are often used with SAE designations 0W, 25W, as well as intermediate values ​​20W, 5W, 15W and 10W. Compositions for use in summer do not have letters in their names. They are distinguished by high viscosity and are designated SAE 20, 60, SAE 30 or 40. When using summer brands in winter, problems arise associated with starting the unit. Winter varieties are not capable of providing high-quality lubrication in the summer.

Scientists have developed all-season compositions that are used for pouring into walk-behind tractors in summer and winter. Their designations are 5W-40, 10W30.

By composition

In addition to seasonal characteristics, lubricants are divided into types based on composition:

• mineral;
• synthetic;
• semi-synthetic.

An air-cooled engine heats up quickly during operation. Motor oil reduces its temperature. The wrong category causes a breakdown in the motor. It is not recommended to use synthetic oil in mixture with mineral oil.

By purpose

If there is a need to replace lubricating fluids, each manufacturing company recommends filling in its own brand. For agricultural machines, Honda uses all-season grades 10W-30 of the SF category. Subaru in its recommendations indicates 10W-30 for operation in moderate climates, and 5W-30 in cold regions. Oil quality category - SE.

Lifan products require summer grade SAE-30, and SAE 10W-30 for winter conditions. There are no conditions for quality category. Motoblocks of the Kaluga Engine company are filled with an all-season composition 10W-30 or 15W-30 of SF or SH quality.

What kind of oil to pour into the gearbox

User opinions regarding the type of oil that should be poured into the gearbox of a motor cultivator can vary greatly.

Therefore, the only reference here will be the manual that comes with the new unit. There, the manufacturer indicates the type of lubricant, its quantity, measurement methods and other data.

It is important to choose a lubricant that is suitable specifically for the gearbox, according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Regular motor oil is not suitable for this purpose. Transmission oil is poured into the Neva gearbox.

There are 2 types of oil - for 2 and 4 stroke engines. Both can be used to refuel a walk-behind tractor. The engine model of the unit matters. The majority of motor cultivators are 4-stroke, but before refueling you should check the instructions for clarification.

Oil bottles contain all the necessary information

The number of engine strokes can be seen on the lubricant product label. They are divided by structure - synthetic or semi-synthetic (mineral).

It is believed that synthetics are universal and more suitable for inexperienced owners. But it is more correct to distribute oils according to seasonality in terms of equipment operation.

For example, some modifications also work in winter. A decrease in temperature contributes to the thickening of the liquid, so semi-synthetic oils cannot be used in winter, just like mineral ones. But they are better suited in the summer, as they are careful with the parts of the mechanism.

The table below shows what types of oils are used in different models of equipment.

Comparison of walk-behind tractor model and oil

The lubricant creates an environment that protects against the effects of soot and metal particles that accumulate during fuel combustion. Therefore, most lubricants are viscous and thick. To find out the type of oil for your cultivator, you need to read the owner's manual.

The manufacturer recommends filling the gearbox of the Neva MB-2 walk-behind tractor with transmission oils of the TAP-15V / TAD-17I type.

The new device comes with detailed instructions.

How to change the oil in a gearbox

The procedure for replacing lubricant on a motor cultivator:

1. Install the equipment on level ground, always vertically.
2. Place a special container with a volume of at least 3 liters under the gearbox.
3. Unscrew the breather plug and clean it.
4. Unscrew the oil drain screw so that it can freely drain into the container below.
5. After draining the oil, return the screw with the gasket to its place and tighten it well.
6. Pour fresh water from a bottle in the amount of 1.15 liters of the desired brand (the volume may vary depending on the model of the walk-behind tractor and the gearbox installed on it).
7. Close the breather plug.

The funnel makes the process easier.
To fill the gearbox of the Neva MB-2 walk-behind tractor, you need to perform similar steps:

1. Place the equipment in a level, vertical position. Place a 2-liter container from below (for most models), a 3-liter container - MB2, MB23 and MB2 KS.
2. Unscrew the breather plug and clean it, removing dirt.
3. Unscrew the screw at the drain, remove the old grease completely, pouring it into a container prepared in advance.
4. Screw the screw into place with the gasket and tighten it.
5. Fill with fresh oil (of the appropriate category).
6. Clean the lever axle with the bushing, removing any dirt. Lubricate them with engine oil.
7. Check the functionality of the mechanism by adjusting the belt tension. Immediately lubricate the clutch cable.

Start the engine of your cultivator at the end of the procedure, checking its serviceability. Wait a minute, drive a little and turn off.

What to do if the Ugra walk-behind tractor does not start

We invite you to familiarize yourself with the reasons that affect the launch of the power plant of the Ugra walk-behind tractor:

1. Lack of fuel: fill the fuel tank with gasoline.
2. Running out of oil: add oil.
3. Problem with spark plugs: smoked - clean and rinse in gasoline; if wet - pump and dry, replace the tip; burnt out - replace the spark plug.
4. No spark: adjust the gap between the contacts;
5. Problems with the magneto: adjust its position if the blades jam; replace if burned.
6. The carburetor of the Ugra walk-behind tractor requires repair: if it is clogged, disassemble and clean it; out of order - replace.
7. Filters (air and fuel) are clogged: clean or replace.

How much oil to fill in the gearbox

Before replacing the lubricant, you should find out the required amount, depending on the model of the unit:

• Neva MB-1 - TEP-15 and a volume of 2.2 liters are suitable for it;
• Neva MB-2 - TAP-15V / TAD-17I.

The instructions clearly state how much to fill and how often. Completely, by cleaning the receiving tank, or partially, by adding to the existing balance.

After a long period of inactivity, it is recommended to change completely and every 30-35 hours of active running-in, every 150-200 hours of operation. Otherwise, the mechanism will wear out quickly.

TEP-15 is suitable for hot summer time, when the maximum temperature drops to +5 degrees. If lower, then take TM-5, it can withstand frosts down to -25 degrees. When the seasons change, you should completely remove any remaining liquid, clean the container and then pour another one while the engine is warm. Especially in winter.

The oil itself gradually ages, stagnates and thickens. Especially after the season change. Before replacing, you should check the current remaining lubricant with a special probe.

The dipstick will help determine the oil level

Simple tips

Basic recommendations for changing the oil in the gearbox of a walk-behind tractor and cultivator:

• do not use additives or additives as a lubricant;
• check the residue level by leveling the unit and waiting until the liquid accumulates in the pan;
• drain the residue on a heated gearbox, this will allow you to drain more old oil faster;
• Dispose of lubricant in a safe way without harming nature.

There are special collection points where old used oil can be taken.

Possible problems and their solutions

In the process of changing the oil in the gearbox, as a rule, no problems arise, but there are problems in the operation of the gearbox itself, because Any actively used equipment breaks down. You can fix most problems yourself:

• The clamps or spring are broken. You should purchase new ones, then configure them.
• The shift settings are lost - loosen the screws, select first gear, then tighten the screws again.
• Oil is oozing through the shaft - the cuff may be worn out. It should be replaced with a new one. How to change seals? Pull out the old ones, carefully pry them off with a screwdriver, then put the others there.
• If it jams, the chain may have broken. Need to buy a new one.
• The gear does not lock - the fork brush is outdated and needs to be replaced.

It is useful to regularly inspect the parts of the mechanism in order to notice breakdowns in time. Buy only good spare parts, then they will last a long time and without “surprises”. The quality of the lubricant also matters.

A specialist can provide high-quality service to the engine and its individual parts.

Neva MB two is unpretentious, but requires attention. The model is popular due to its low cost and excellent build quality when compared with a number of competitors. The gearbox is considered an important part of the mechanism. If your own knowledge is not enough to eliminate breakdowns, it is better to involve a specialist.

Like other equipment, Neva requires special care and regular replacement of lubricant. Otherwise, the gearbox will overheat and the parts will quickly wear out.

Some owners, confident in the quality of foreign products, purchase American oil and fill it calmly. However, the main source of data should be the instructions supplied with the unit. There, the manufacturer describes in detail the procedure for filling the lubricant, the frequency of replacement, and most importantly, the recommended type, transmission or some other.

For homemade equipment, you should follow the instructions from the device that is closest in design to it. After all, the master manufacturer took the existing type of gearbox as a basis, and only then made his own changes.

The video below shows in detail how to correctly change the oil in the gearbox of the Neva MB2 walk-behind tractor.

Diesel engines

Most farmers try to rationally use any resources, including fuel for walk-behind tractors. Diesel engines are considered a more economical option than gasoline engines due to their lower fuel consumption.

Diesel walk-behind tractor "Neva" MB 23-SD27-SF

The main advantages of a diesel engine are:

• high efficiency (efficiency factor);
• long term of service;
• economical fuel consumption;
• suitable for large plots of land;
• works more efficiently at low speeds;
• has a greater pulling force.

MB23-SD27-FS

There is an opinion that diesel engine parts wear out less than those of its “gasoline competitor”.

Owners of Neva MB-23SD walk-behind tractors, based on numerous reviews on forums, confirm that the service life of a diesel engine is longer than that of a gasoline unit. In addition, high efficiency allows you to consume less fuel, which means this option is more financially acceptable.

Important! To extend the service life of a diesel walk-behind tractor, it is necessary to run the walk-behind tractor at full power from time to time, at least for a few hours, so that it does not stand idle for years - this will significantly increase the service life of the diesel engine.

The main problems of diesel engine operation and their elimination

Equipment that works without failure is the dream of any farmer. However, in practice it often happens that problems arise with the engine of the Neva walk-behind tractor.

Diesel walk-behind tractor "Neva" MB 23-SD27

The most common problems and factors leading to diesel engine malfunctions are:

• thickening of the fuel (removed by diluting the fuel);
• clogged nozzle (removed by cleaning);
• low air temperature (when working in cold weather, for example);
• low pressure during fuel injection (adjust the injection system);
• reduced level of compression in the cylinder (caused by a number of reasons, including loosening of the cylinder head nuts, which is eliminated by adjusting the nuts; damage to the gasket, which is eliminated by replacement; destruction of the piston rings, their jamming; damage to the components of the cylinder-piston group; too large a gap between the valves which can be eliminated by adjusting the gap size; jamming the valve stem - dismantling the valve to wash it and clean the guide will help)..

Another serious problem is transmission malfunction. The main reasons for these failures are:

• Clutch slippage due to belt or cable imbalance, high wear of discs or springs;
• the clutch does not disengage completely (you need to check the serviceability of the friction discs and the cable tension);
• the gearbox produces a high level of noise (first of all, you should check the level and quality of the oil, as well as the level of wear of gears and bearings. If necessary, replace worn parts);

Finally, if the Neva walk-behind tractor with a diesel engine does not change gears, the reasons may be the following:

MB23-SD27

• the ends of the gears have failed (this problem can be eliminated by disassembling the gearbox and grinding or replacing the faulty gears);
• the bearings and shaft splines are worn out, causing the shafts to move along the axis (installing another set of retaining rings and, of course, replacing the bearings helps);
• the clutch system is misadjusted (if a novice is driving the walk-behind tractor, it is likely that the wrong method of shifting gears was used. In this case, adjustment of the clutch system should be entrusted to a professional).

Diesel engine maintenance - key points

In order to ensure uninterrupted operation of Neva diesel walk-behind tractors, the manufacturer recommends performing the following types of engine maintenance work:

MB23-SD23

• checking the oil level, adding or replacing oil;
• adjusting clutch cables;
• checking gears;
• checking clutch friction units;
• checking and tightening bolts and nuts;

Before installing the Neva diesel walk-behind tractor “in idle mode”, it is mandatory to perform the following steps:

• run out of fuel before the engine stops running;
• leave the engine until it cools completely, and then drain the remaining fuel from the tank.

Maintenance of the diesel engine filter must be carried out after 8-50 hours of operation (depending on the degree of load and duration of continuous operation).

After 100 hours of operation, you need to change the oil, clean the oil filter and oil distribution box, and carry out lubrication work.

After 500 hours of operation, the same actions are carried out as during maintenance after the first 50-100 hours of operation; in addition, carbon deposits and dirt are removed from the cylinder cover, oil filters and oil distribution box. The water tank should also be descaled.