Rotary mower KDN-210 - a guarantee of a good harvest

Rotary mower KDN 210

This model of rotary mower is produced by Bobruiskoagromash OJSC. The plant has been operating since 1974 and today it is positioned as one of the largest manufacturers of agricultural machinery in the entire post-Soviet space. Initially, the company specialized in the production of liquid fertilizer spreaders, but subsequently the product line tended to expand.

A professional approach to solving assigned problems contributes to the fact that Bobruiskagromash OJSC becomes known far beyond the borders of the post-Soviet space. The entry of an organization into the international market is the expected result of the work of the entire team.

The functioning of the KDN-210 rotary mower is carried out thanks to the operation of discs. The latter provide crop mowing. The mounted design of this type of agricultural machinery allows for swathing by dividing the field into paddocks.

The ability to increase the mowing speed to 80 m/s increases the overall productivity of the unit. This feature has a beneficial effect on the yield of subsequent mowings. The mower can be combined with tractors of the 0.9 and 1.4 t.p. class.

Peculiarities

The process of starting the unit is carried out through a V-belt drive. The cutting height can be adjusted via a longitudinal screw rod. In terms of its performance characteristics, the KDN-210 model is significantly ahead of mowers presented by other manufacturers.

The mower is secured using a hydraulic traction system. During operation, such a device does not crush plants and does not contaminate the mown grass with a layer of soil. It should also be noted that KDN-210 does not leave swaths on cut crops during operation. During one hour of main time, the mower is capable of processing an area of ​​2.12 hectares.

Each rotor is equipped with a shear key, which provides reliable protection of the cutting bar from damage due to collision with an obstacle. Uniform pressure on the ground is ensured by springs that are part of the balancing mechanism. As a result, we can talk about a uniform cut of the crop with minimal contamination of the mass.

Photo of rotary mower KDN-210

Purpose

The main function of the KDN-210 mower is to mow natural and sown crops. The device is adapted for use in any climatic zones. The soil topography of the cultivated area may vary. The exception is mountain meadows with a large number of protruding stones. Solid objects should not rise above the ground by more than 30 mm. In another scenario, this can lead to damage to the main functional components of the unit.

Rotary mower KRN-210G (Belarus)

Specifications

Technological process of work: Cutting plant stems is carried out using plate knives hinged on rotors rotating at a speed of 65 m/s towards each other. The knives cut the grass according to the principle of an unsupported cut, pick it up, and take it out of the cutting zone, moving it over the cutting beam. The trajectories of movement of the knives of adjacent rotors mutually overlap, thereby ensuring high-quality swathing. The mown grass, hitting the field divider shield, changes its trajectory, falls into the swath and frees up space for the tractor wheels to pass during the next pass. The mower is driven by a multiplier with pumps that are installed on the PTO of the tractor and connected to the hydraulic motor on the cutting device with high-pressure hoses.

Design and operation of the mower:

Picture 1.

The hydraulic mounted rotary mower KRN-210G (see Figure 1) consists of:

Multiplier 1, Bracket 2, Frame 3, Hydraulic motor 4, Cutting device 5, Cutting device guard 6, Bumper 7, Hydraulic cylinder 8.

Design and operation of the mower's components: Mounting frame. The mower is connected to the tractor linkage using a bracket (Fig. 1, item 2) which is a welded structure with pins for attaching it to the lower links of the tractor linkage. Frame. The frame (hydraulic tank) (Fig. 1, pos. 3) is a welded frame structure and is the connecting link between the hitch frame and the cutting device connected by springs and a hydraulic cylinder (Fig. 1, pos. 8), for lifting the cutting device (Fig. 1, pos. 5). The multiplier with a pump (Fig. 1, item 1) drives the hydraulic motor (Fig. 1, item 4), which is installed on the cutting device. The installed bump stop (Fig. 1, item 7) and the guard (Fig. 1, item 6) on the cutting device ensure the safety of the operator in the workplace when operating the mower. When avoiding obstacles, turning around and making small moves, the cutting device is switched to the near-vehicle position. This operation is performed by the driver from the tractor cabin. In this case, the hydraulic cylinder of the tractor's mounted system is first turned on, and the mower, together with the linkage, rises to the required height. The mower's hydraulic cylinder is then activated to raise the cutting unit. In the raised position, the cutting device is not fixed, therefore, in order to avoid failure of the mower's hydraulic system, long moves of the unit in the short-haul position are not allowed. When transferring the mower to the transport position for long-distance travel, as well as when transferring to short-range transport, the cylinder of the tractor's linkage system is turned on, and the mower, together with the linkage, rises to the required height. Then the hydraulic cylinder of the mower is turned on (Fig. 1, item 8), its rod is retracted and raises the cutting device to a vertical position. Next, the tractor's hitch system returns to its original position. To secure the mechanism in the raised position, a chain is put on. Shifting the mower to the working position is carried out in the reverse order.

Cutting apparatus. The cutting device (Fig. 1, item 5) is designed for mowing grass. It consists of an all-welded crankcase. A tray is installed under the bottom of the crankcase, which supports the cutting device on the ground. The cutting apparatus has four rotors, each of which is equipped with two knives hinged on special bolts. The rotors are mounted on shafts and tightened with nuts. The cutting device is driven by a hydraulic motor.

List of products included in the hydraulic equipment of the KRN-210G hydraulic mounted rotary mower.

Hydraulic schematic diagram.

ATTENTION! Note:

• The cutting device housing must be filled with a mixture of 4 kg of 50% autosol according to GOST 1862-73 and 50% solid oil according to GOST 1033-73.
• Fill the multiplier with transmission oil TAP-15 up to the control plug V = 0.8 l.
• Fill the hydraulic system capacity with hydraulic oil MGE-46 V = 50 l. (Frame Fig.1 Pos.3)

Safety instructions

• When servicing the KRN-210G mower, follow the “Unified Requirements for the Design of Tractors and Agricultural Machines and Occupational Safety and Health” (ET-IV) and the “General Safety Requirements” GOST 12.2.042-79. Work in fields cleared of stones and bushes with leveled microrelief. ATTENTION! The rotary mower has rotating working parts of increased danger; therefore, it is necessary to strictly observe safety measures when preparing the mower for work and during operation.
• It is prohibited to work without guarding the cutting apparatus.
• Only tractor drivers who have studied the “Technical description and operating instructions for the KRN-210G mower” are allowed to service the mower. Before putting the rotary mower into operation, you must make sure that the mowing knives are securely fastened to avoid their spontaneous tearing off during operation. Check the fastening of the cutting device knives every 4 hours of operation of the mower.
• Check the reliability of the rotors and the presence of lock washers on the shafts.
• Check for foreign objects under the mower rotors; if found, remove them.
• During testing, startup and subsequent work, unauthorized persons are prohibited from being at a distance of less than 100 m from the mower when the cutting device is tilted no more than 3° forward along the machine and 90-100 m when the cutting device is tilted up to 7°.
• Close the doors of the tractor cab when operating the mower in conditions that cause dust in the atmosphere at the tractor driver’s workplace.
• It is prohibited to inspect and repair damage to the mower with the tractor power take-off shaft not switched off and the engine running.
• It is prohibited to move a tractor with a mower without installing and fixing the cutting device in a vertical (transport) position.
• During long-distance transportation on roads, the KRN-210G mower must be equipped with signal flags installed on units protruding beyond the dimensions of the tractor.
• Fire safety measures. Follow fire safety regulations. Operate the tractor pulling the mower equipped with a fire extinguisher. Do not spill oil on the mower when lubricating it. To prevent oil leakage from the tractor hydraulic system, use a shut-off device.

Installation of the cutting device relative to the soil. The cutting device must be in a horizontal plane and rest on the soil with its existing shoes.
This is achieved by changing the length of the tractor's central link and tensioning the springs of the balancing mechanism. If necessary, to change the cutting height of plants, the cutting device can be tilted forward in the direction of travel, but not more than 7 degrees. Operating procedure.

• The mower is ready for use after it has been mounted on the tractor, lubricated, adjusted and run-in.
• Use the hydraulic distributor control handles to move the mower to the working position. To do this, set the hydraulic cylinder of the tractor's mounted system to the lower position, and the hydraulic cylinder of the mower to the floating position.
• During the first hour of operation of the newly assembled mower, it is necessary to check the tightness of all bolts and nuts with a torque wrench DK-25 every 15-20 minutes, paying special attention to securing the rotors, mowing blades and protective covers.
• On smooth terrain, work at a speed of up to 5-7 km/h; on uneven areas, reduce the speed.
• The cutting device must operate across the entire cutting width. Before an obstacle, the cutting device must be raised using the hydraulic mechanism of the tractor.
• To move a tractor with a mower over significant distances, the cutting device must be installed in a vertical (transport) position and secured.

Device

The mower frame is presented in the form of a welded tubular type structure. The presence of pins ensures fastening of the unit to the tractor attachments. The frame is connected to the cross beam in a hinged manner.

The surface of the cutting bar is characterized by the presence of four rotating rotors. These elements have a three-legged design. Each of the legs is mounted in a hinged manner on special bolts and nuts.

The drive of the mower's working parts is transmitted from the tractor PTO to the output tail of the bevel gearbox. If the cutting device hits an obstacle, the clamps disengage due to increasing traction resistance. At the same time, the length of the fuse increases, which leads to the unfolding of the mower.

Scheme of the mower KDN-210

1 - cutting bar; 2 - balancing mechanism; 3 — subframe; 4 - stand; 5 — hydraulic equipment; 6 — hinge frame; 7 — drive mechanisms; 8 - traction fuse.

Features of operation

Before installing the mounted mower, it is very important to tighten all bolted connections and ensure high-quality tension of the V-belts. Initially, you should attach the lower arms of the suspension system to the axles of the bracket. After this, the upper link is connected to the eyes of the bracket and the length of the upper link is adjusted. It is very important here to ensure that the canvas is positioned strictly horizontally. The starting and ending parts of the mower should be evenly spaced from the ground.

Before starting full operation, it is necessary to check the operation of the device at idle speed. During operation, the rotor shaft rotates in bearings. They are installed in bushings and secured with nuts on studs. The pairwise rotation of the rotors towards each other is carried out due to the operation of the intermediate gears. It is very important to ensure that the temperature of the bearings during operation of the unit does not exceed 60 degrees.

Specifications

The maximum operating speed of the KDN-210 mower is 15 km/h. With a total working width of 2.1 m, the disk rotation speed is kept at 2365 rpm. Thanks to this, we can talk about the efficiency of the device. The standard cutting height of plants varies between 4-10 cm.

This model is aggregated with tractors of the 0.9 and 1.4 t.p. class. However, they must be equipped with a three-point rear linkage system, and the power take-off shaft used must provide a minimum rotation speed of 1000 rpm.

Technical characteristics of the mounted rotary disc mower KRN 210:

Video review of the KDN-210 disc mower:

Advantages and disadvantages

Due to its design, the mower has the following positive aspects:

1. When mowing, the grass is not mulched.
2. There are no untreated areas left except for rare bald spots between the discs.
3. Soil does not get into the hay.
4. Possibility of processing dense vegetation, as well as bushes up to 3 cm thick.
5. Ease of management and maintenance.

Among the negative aspects, the high price stands out, as well as the large sizes. Because of the latter, independent transportation without a tractor is problematic. Storage requires a dry and well-ventilated area.

Be sure to read: Technical characteristics of ROU-6