Excavator EK 14: technical characteristics, controls

Photo source: rm-terex.com Photo EK-14
The EK-14 model has long been known to Russian contractors. Over the years since the launch of the excavator into production, the machine has been modernized several times. Here are the technical characteristics that are relevant for modern samples. The excavator can be used both on construction sites and in quarries. When working with rocks or frozen soils, the size of the pieces being mined should not exceed 200 mm.

Weight, volume of EK-14 bucket

The operating weight of the Tveks EK-14 excavator is 14,200 kg. Currently, this is the “junior” model in a line consisting of two excavators (17-ton units are also produced at the plant). However, previously the range of EC equipment was wider: as of 2009, five vehicles weighing from 8 to 20 tons were assembled.

We also provide data on the mass of individual components. The rotary platform weighs 5,500 kg, the 4.7-meter monoblock boom weighs 1,150 kg, and the 2.2-meter arm weighs 600 kg. The digging force with the bucket is 95 kN, the force on the handle is 64-83 kN (depending on the configuration).

When purchasing an EK-14, you can choose one of the available bucket options. Their volume varies from 0.5 to 0.8 cubic meters.

Photo source: rm-terex.com EK-14 weight - 14.2 t

Model ET-16

The ET-16 series crawler excavator has a model 1104C-44TA engine with a power of 89.2 kW. The engine runs on a diesel engine, which allows the engine to make 2.2 thousand revolutions in one minute.

Other technical characteristics of the model include the following:

• The length of the excavator is 8.2 m.
• Width - 3.15 m.
• Height - 3.07 m.
• The pressure that the machine exerts on the ground is 0.19 kg/cm².
• The ET-16 excavator weighs 16 tons.
• The width of the tracks is 1 m.
• The machine can move on the ground at a speed of 2.4 km/h.

Thanks to these parameters, the model is used for reclamation work, especially in wetlands. To increase power and productivity, you can install a different engine, hydraulic motor, hydraulic pump on the excavator, or change the working equipment - bucket, hydraulic hammer, ripper, grab.

TVEX ET-16 has its own subtypes - ET-16-20, ET-16-30 and 16-40.

According to reviews from users and manufacturers, the modifications differ in engine power and technical parameters. For example, the ET-16-20 and ET-16-30 excavators have engines with a power of 77.2 kW, and the ET-16-40 - 89.2 kW.

Engine

The model is equipped with a Russian-made four-cylinder single-row engine. Cooling is water, there is a direct injection function. The excavator is supplied complete with a pre-heater.

Modifications

There are several modifications of the equipment; the main distinguishing features of each model are the hydraulic system and motor. The latter can be installed foreign or Russian-made. The foreign unit is characterized by higher power, efficiency and long periods between maintenance.

EK-18 modifications:

• standard model EK-18;
• TVEX EK-18-20 is characterized by increased efficiency; a standard working element (bucket) with a capacity of 1 cubic meter is installed on it. m. All equipment components are produced in Russia. The main frame has a reinforced structure, which guarantees high performance when working in harsh conditions. TVEX 18-20 can be equipped with a large number of additional working parts. This modification is considered the most powerful and multifunctional;
• EK-18-30 is the previous model with an improved foreign-made hydraulic system;
• The EK-18-40 has a clamshell grab as a working tool as standard. This special equipment is most often used in logging and scrap metal processing plants. Optionally, this model can be equipped with a lifting cabin (using hydraulics) and a scrap body;
• EK-18-44 is an improved version of the previous model. A hydraulic lifting cabin, a scrap organ, a five-jaw grab with a capacity of 0.65 m3, and a full-rotary rotator are standardly installed here. Its main purpose is loading and unloading of gondola cars, as well as work for which the EK-18-40 modification is intended;
• TVEX EK-18-60 is equipped with a hydraulic propulsion motor jointly produced by Bosch and Rexroth, a hydraulic pump, and a power unit manufactured by Perkins;
• EK-18-90M is the latest development of the manufacturer, in which axles with limited slip differentials are installed, which improves the ability to overcome difficult areas. The steering wheel made in Italy is smaller in size, which creates more comfortable working conditions for the operator. In addition, the cabin has increased rigidity. The power plant is characterized by increased power indicators, which has a beneficial effect on the efficiency of the equipment. Optionally, handles of various sizes are installed; 2.2 m is used as standard. Increasing its length promotes deeper digging, but the capacity of the working body is reduced.

Technical characteristics of EK-14

The excavator's crawler platform rotates at a speed of 9 rpm. A planetary gearbox and an axial piston hydraulic motor are responsible for this process.

By additional order, it is possible to equip the EK-14 with Bosch-Rexroth hydraulic equipment (meaning a hydraulic distributor, hydraulic motors, a pump unit and control units). Service brakes are present on each wheel. Their type is block type, permanently open. The parking brake, in turn, is constantly closed.

The excavator is designed to withstand temperatures from -40 to +40 degrees.

Advantages

Models 14 and 16, the EK excavator, are developed on the basis of equipment that has undergone many years of testing in various climatic and weather conditions. The use of modern technologies has significantly improved the technical characteristics of EK-270L excavators. Earth-moving units are characterized by high reliability and long service life.

The technique has the following positive features:

• Wide temperature range of use. The earthmoving machine can operate at temperatures of -45…+45 ºС. This ensures high demand (including for the EK-400 excavator) throughout Russia, in the near and far abroad.
• Limited turning radius of the platform. This solution makes it possible to work in confined spaces without the risk of damaging the boom and surrounding objects.
• Increased reliability and durability of the chassis. All components and mechanisms are made of high quality steel. The welds are made using inert gases, which makes them solid and corrosion resistant.
• Convenient control of working parts. The EK-270 excavator is equipped with a spacious cabin with panoramic glazing. The cabin is equipped with an ergonomic chair that has several settings. The description of the controls contains precise instructions on how to use them. Pressing levers and buttons does not require significant effort.
• Increased load capacity. The boom is equipped with two cylinders. This allows you to work with massive loads lifted in one step. The performance of equipment is changing for the better.
• Simplicity of design and reliability. All components of the earthmoving machine are designed to withstand maximum load over a long period of time. If individual parts fail, repairs are carried out quickly, without sending the equipment to a service center.
• High speed performance. The Kranex EK-270 wheeled excavator can cover long distances, moving under its own power. This allows you to save on transport services by avoiding transportation on a trailer or railway platform.

The parameters of the boom make it possible to attach various modifications of auxiliary equipment to it. At low cost, earthmoving equipment replaces several highly specialized machines.

Cabin, work equipment

Attachments offered by the manufacturer include buckets of various shapes (all of them are all-welded and made of Hardox steel), a hydraulic hammer, a ripper, and also clamshell equipment. In addition, the excavator has a blade support with parallel movement of the knife. To extend the service life of the blade, the hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic distribution of its drive are closed from the influences of the external environment.

Photo source: rm-terex.com Photo EK-14

The EK-14 excavator cabin has a steel frame. Heater and air conditioning are available as an option. The chair is adjustable with shock-absorbing suspension. There is a sealed tool box that is located on the left footrest. In addition, steel headlight blocks were installed.

The narrow steering column can also be adjusted (its angle of inclination changes). There is a multifunction switch.

Device

The length of the replaceable handles has 4 indicators. Some characteristics also change accordingly, for example, bucket volume, digging range and depth, loading height (ceiling). The engine is mounted using rubber shock absorbers, which reduces the impact of vibration. The chassis frame and working tools have a reinforced structure. The equipment has good maneuverability and can be used in hard-to-reach areas due to the small turning radius of the platform.

Cabin

Tver excavators of the EK series are equipped with an all-metal noise-, thermal- and vibration-insulated cabin. It is quite spacious (especially compared to classic excavators of the twentieth century) and provides the operator with excellent visibility in all directions. The upper windshield, with wiper and frame, can be retracted under the cab roof and fixed in this position. The door is equipped with a lock. There is a lock on the left outer wall of the cab to hold the door in the open position. The cabin floor is covered with a vibration-isolating mat. The steel tubular frame has high strength and rigidity, which provide the necessary level of operator safety. Cabin protection is provided by a FOPS-standard top grille, a front frame with wire mesh, and a grille above the upper window.

The cabin is equipped with a sprung seat, the angle of the backrest of which can be changed. The seat is also height adjustable. It is equipped with a headrest and armrests, as well as a seat belt. The steering column is narrow, adjustable in angle, equipped with a multifunction switch. The instrument panel is informative, equipped with an hour meter, temperature indicators for hydraulic oil, water and fuel level in the tank; emergency indicators. The excavator cabin is equipped with a heater, but not with air conditioning. It is offered as an additional option for a fee. There is a ventilation hatch in the cabin roof. Also in the cabin of the EK-14 excavator there is a fire extinguisher and a first aid kit, a cigarette lighter and a lampshade, a compartment for personal belongings and a coat hook, an ashtray and a place for a thermos or a water bottle, a sun visor and a place for a radio.

Controls

The operation of the excavator's systems and mechanisms is displayed on an electronic panel, which includes: 1. Display - shows digital indicators of operating parameters 2. Indicators - indicate the operational processes carried out by the equipment 3. Control lamps - notify about the functioning of various devices or violations in them work. The cabin also contains pedals and control levers, switches, switches for various systems and units, and locking handles. Changing the direction of movement of the entire machine is done using the steering wheel. The overall structure and equipment of the cabin is very comfortable. Additional comfort is provided by good visibility created by large windows on the front and sides.

Controls EC 14

Working equipment

The design of the Tveks EK-14 excavators is such that they can be equipped with various types of replaceable working equipment and working parts, namely:

• Replaceable handles with lengths of 2200 mm, 2800 mm and 3400 mm;
• Buckets with a volume of 0.8 m3, 0.65 m3, 0.5 m3 and 0.4 m3;
• Hydraulic hammer "MG-300";
• Grab “GK-221” (it may include a hydraulic rotator with all-wheel drive);
• Ripper "314-03-40.17.300".

The main type of working equipment is a backhoe with an excavator bucket. Designed to perform a wide range of earthmoving, loading/unloading, etc. works

A backhoe consists of a boom, a handle, a replaceable working element, a bucket drive mechanism, hydraulic cylinders, a pipeline system and high-pressure hoses connecting the hydraulic cylinders to the excavator hydraulic system. The rotation of the boom of the handle and the working body is carried out by the corresponding hydraulic cylinders. Buckets of various volumes and capacities are among the replaceable working parts of a backhoe.

The MG-300 hydraulic hammer is used to destroy old road surfaces, asphalt and concrete; structures made of reinforced concrete and concrete; dismantling concrete and brick buildings. Using a hydraulic hammer, you can also, if necessary, tamp loose soil and loosen dense soil.

The GK-221 grab is used to create depressions and excavate masses of soil, as well as when loading and unloading various bulk materials. In addition to these purposes, grab buckets can also be used to clean work areas from all kinds of construction and other debris.

The ripper “314-03-40.17.300” is connected to loosen solid and (or) frozen masses of soil, layers of rock and rock; for opening asphalt pavement and removing curb stones.