Household and professional chainsaws are equipped with two-stroke internal combustion engines that are simple in design and reliable in operation. A significant proportion of drive failures occur due to fuel system malfunctions. Why does the spark plug on a chainsaw flood and how to fix this problem with your own hands?
The power units that make up the entire range of chainsaws operate on a precisely dosed mixture of fuel and special motor oil designed for the operation of two-stroke engines.
In the carburetor, fuel and air are mixed in a ratio of 1:16, after which the air-gasoline emulsion is supplied to the combustion chamber.
Consequences of running an engine with untuned fuel equipment
The traction characteristics of the engine and the duration of its service life depend on the composition of the mixture.
- Working on a lean mixture initiates a drop in power, overheating of the cylinder and intense wear of loaded parts and components of the chainsaw.
- Working with a rich mixture is no less dangerous. The malfunction is manifested by an increase in the time it takes to reach operating speeds, increased fuel consumption, and smoke from the muffler.
- There is also intense formation of carbon deposits in the combustion chamber and loss of mobility of the piston rings.
Exhaust duct or muffler cleaning and influence on engine starting
When a chainsaw operates, resinous deposits—carbon deposits—are deposited on the walls of the exhaust channel and muffler. Periodically, this carbon deposits need to be cleaned, but most tool owners remember this only after the chainsaw does not start. Why is this happening? The reason is that the burnt food has nowhere to go, so the engine will not be able to start. When the exhaust channel is contaminated, the chainsaw not only loses power, but also causes the engine to stop working on its own.
Deposits on the walls of the muffler occur due to the following factors:
- Using low-quality gasoline and oil
- Incorrect ratio of gasoline and oil when preparing the mixture
- Long-term use of the tool without preventive measures
There are no difficulties in cleaning a chainsaw muffler. The cleaning sequence is as follows:
- To begin, unscrew the muffler mounting screws.
- The cooling panel with the sealing gasket is dismantled
- Next you need to remove the spark arrester
- The resonator body is disassembled
- All elements are cleaned and washed from carbon deposits with kerosene or other cleaning liquids. This must be done exclusively in a respirator and goggles. Carcinogenic substances are very dangerous for humans
- Wait for the cleaned elements to dry
- Reassemble in the reverse order of removal
When cleaning the walls of the exhaust channel, it is necessary to cover the cylinder hole with a rag. This will eliminate the possibility of dust and sand getting into the cylinder. After cleaning the muffler and exhaust channel of the chainsaw, you can start starting the engine of the tool. At the same time, you will feel how the chainsaw will work at full power.
Algorithm for determining the causes of poor mixture formation
In any case, a wet spark plug on a chainsaw indicates a clear imbalance in the composition of the air-fuel emulsion. Already at a fuel to air ratio of 1:14, the conditions for spark formation worsen; the lack of air prevents the normal combustion of the fuel-air emulsion compressed in the combustion chamber.
The main reasons for over-enrichment of the mixture in most cases are standard:
- air intake filter clogged;
- incorrect carburetor adjustment;
- interruptions in the operation of the ignition system;
- It is also possible that the quality of gasoline is poor and that the starting sequence of the power unit is not correct.
Fuel and air filters - checking their serviceability
If the fuel or air filter is clogged, the chainsaw will also not be able to start. First you need to check the serviceability of the air filter, which is located in a plastic housing. The air filter of a chainsaw gets clogged very often, so it is recommended to clean it before use. To clean, you will need to use a compressor. If the air filter on a chainsaw is clogged with sawdust and shavings, the engine will not start when hot.
Air does not enter the carburetor, so only an excess amount of fuel is supplied to the cylinder, which causes the spark plug to flood.
The case of a clogged air filter on a chainsaw is very interesting. If it is clogged, then the chainsaw usually starts when cold, but as soon as the air damper opens to supply air, the engine immediately stalls after warming up. When hot, a chainsaw with a clogged filter will not start at all, or it will start and immediately stall. When diagnosing the air filter, you need to pay attention to the damper, through which the air supply is limited.
Make sure that the damper moves freely when you operate the lever to close and open it.
- If the valve does not close, then an attempt to start the chainsaw when cold is unsuccessful.
- A similar situation occurs when the chainsaw is running hot. If the engine starts when cold, but stalls when warmed up, this may be due to the fact that the throttle is stuck in the closed position.
As you can see, not only the starting of the chainsaw engine, but also its proper operation depends on the serviceability of the air filter and damper.
In addition to the air filter, the cleaning element responsible for cleaning the fuel mixture can also become clogged.
This filter is located in the chainsaw tank and prevents small grains of sand from entering the carburetor. Just like the air filter, the fuel purifier also needs cleaning. Cleaning is done by replacing the old filter with a new one. The service life of this element depends on various factors, and above all, on the quality of the gasoline and oil used. If you fill the tank with fuel in windy weather, then the probability of grains of sand getting into the tank is 100%.
Depending on the chainsaw model, the principle of replacing the fuel filter may differ. However, even a beginner can cope with this procedure, since it is not difficult and only requires following a sequence of actions.
This is interesting!
Do not store the fuel mixture in the tank for longer than 14 days, as precipitated oil accelerates the process of clogging the fuel filter.
Risks of using low-quality fuel
Various low-octane gasolines and fuel substitutes contain alcohol components, which require more time for complete combustion. The profitability of using such fuel is questionable, since there are a number of factors confirming ineffective operation and increased engine wear.
The oiling of the spark plug is facilitated by the use of heat-resistant motor oils for 4-stroke engines, high wear of the compression rings or the entire piston group as a whole.
Problems with the STIHL MC 180 chainsaw
Question: During operation, the STIHL ms 180 c chainsaw stopped idling and stalled. I started it with difficulty, but stalled again at idle.
After this it doesn't want to start. The next day, after unsuccessful attempts to start it, I removed and washed the air filter. It didn’t help, I had to remove the spark plug - it turned out to be dry, although there were plenty of attempts to start it.
I cleaned the breather with a needle (it was not clogged). I changed the fuel filter (although the old one was not visually dirty). I cleaned the carburetor and installed a new spark plug just in case. The saw won't start! I unscrewed the spark plug again - it was dry. What to do?
Answer: Remove the muffler. Look at the piston, if there are longitudinal stripes on it, then it needs to be replaced.
Question: What is the difference between the drive and chain sprocket of the STIHL 180 chainsaw?
Answer: There is no difference between a “drive sprocket” and a “spin wheel”; these are different names for the same part.
Question: I bought a STIHL ms 180 chain saw, I really liked it, but I want to ask you, can my saw cut thick wood?
Answer: The standard length of the MS 180 tire is 35 cm, it is possible to cut a log of 70 cm in diameter, if logs of this diameter predominate, then you need a chainsaw of greater power.
The MS 180 will, of course, cope with the task, slowly and surely sawing all large-diameter logs, but you need to remember that by giving heavy loads to a device not designed for this, you (at best) reduce the service life of the chainsaw, that is, bring its major repairs closer .
Question: Please tell me, is it possible to use a 45 cm guide bar on a STIHL 180 chain saw?
Answer: The MS 180 chain saw can be equipped with a bar of maximum length 40 cm.
Question: Where is the breather located in the STIHL ms 180 chainsaw?
Answer: The ventilation system valve (“breather”) is located “on top” of the gas tank and oil tank, it cannot be seen visually, because everything is covered by the starter housing.
Question: On the MS 180, the gas button gets stuck in a horizontal position. What to do?
Answer: Most likely, the lever-traction mechanism is faulty; when the unit is turned over, one of the levers or rods “falls”.
Question: Why does the cylinder heat up and when it heats up does the STIHL 180 chain saw stall?
Answer: The problem is in the ignition module, perhaps there is no compression (necessary).
Question: We use a STIHL 180 chainsaw with a standard bar; we recently found out that people are installing a Carving bar on this model. According to the catalog, you can install a 30 cm tire of this type, but is it possible to install a 25 cm tire or is it not possible on this model?
Answer: Carving has a very small nose radius. It is better to use a chain with a 1/4 pitch with this tire. And this is where the problems begin. Chains like this are very rarely available in retail, and in addition to the 180th, you can also find a 1/4 sprocket.
Maybe it makes sense to look for a 30 cm Rollomatic Mini tire on 3/8 1.1. Its article number is 3005 000 3905, if I’m not mistaken. She has a small nose with a 7-tooth star. Somewhat larger than Carving, but not so picky about lubrication.
Question: Where should the arrow on the piston point to the muffler or vice versa on the STIHL 180 C chain saw?
Answer: The arrow should point towards the muffler (rule for all STIHL ).
Question: Tell me, what is the clutch thread (left or right) on the MS 180 chain saw?
Answer: All STIHL chainsaws have a left-hand thread on the clutch.
Question: The starter on the STIHL ms 180 chainsaw pulls out jerkily, what is the reason?
Answer: There may be several reasons - from a faulty starter (starter spring, etc.) to a faulty cylinder-piston group.
Troubleshooting Tips
In the first case, the problem is solved by bringing the air intake device into working order. It is recommended to blow out an exhausted paper filter with a reverse air flow or, at best, replace it. Refer to the supplied instruction manuals for cleaning methods for other types of filters.
- The carburetor is adjusted with the engine warmed up to operating temperature. The power unit is brought to optimal mode by rotating the adjusting screws for the quantity and quality of the mixture. The success of the work is determined by knowledge of the design of the fuel supply system and the interaction of all components.
- In particular, the increased complexity of adjusting carburetors with built-in compensators and other automatic control elements. Such equipment is configured using special equipment that is supplied to service and repair centers.
If the engine cannot be tuned, the cause of excess fuel in the emulsion may be a leak in the valve or a stuck carburetor float itself.
The final result of the work performed:
- fast acceleration;
- stable operation at idle;
- restoration of traction parameters;
- absence of increased smoke and detonation noise.
Help please | Topic author: Fatima
Yesterday I bought a STIHL ms180. I started it and let the tank sleep at idle. Today I started sawing a little and it stalled and won’t start, then you jerk it for a long time, it starts for a few seconds and stalls. I don’t know what to do. I don’t know what to do. Is it possible to return it and will they return it? money
Dmitry (Leyla) You have violated the operating rules. It is STRICTLY forbidden to run in at idle speed, or to break in anything at all. Now change the spark plug, and finally cut with a saw, there is no need to break in anything, the manufacturer has already done everything, full throttle, I emphasize FULL and sawing! ) at first there will be smoke and black slurry will fly out of the muffler, in your case this is normal)) and no idle, no need for a saw - turn it off.
When all the unburned oil burns out of the piston, everything will stabilize.
Alexey (Jemmy) STIHL saw manufacturer does not run in but as it should, I wrote earlier
Sergej (Porcius) Alexey is right, thanks to him for the advice.
Evgeny (Flutura) I don’t know, as soon as I brought it, I diluted the gasoline and put 7 cubic meters of wood into work, only to fill it up and the fire works
Dmitry (Leyla) Evgeniy, he did everything right.
Aleksei (Sharun) guys, tell me this is the problem. I bought a German 180 from my grandfather. It was sawing well, then the idle speed began to disappear. When working, it was necessary to perform peregazovka. then he poured gasoline into a canister that had been poorly washed out of diesel oil. I mixed gasoline as required 1:20. poured STIHL MS180 into the brainchild of Germany. the saw began to malfunction. became high idle. but when I pressed the gas trigger, she began to choke and stall. Maybe this is due to a poorly washed canister.
Dmitry (Leyla) Aleksei, I poured more than 2 times more oil than necessary, you need not 1:20, but 1:50, this is the first, second, gasoline for high-speed gasoline tools itself must be impeccable, from a proven branded gas station, and even more so not contaminated with anything)) do not store the finished mixture for more than 3 - 4 weeks, do not use plastic for storage.
Aleksei (Sharun) Dmitry, thank you very much for your answer, now I’ll know. I just have a Chinese saw like Husqvarna, so even at 80 slabs the rpms don’t drop and the idle is normal. After 6 years of operation, it starts with 4 keys. I adjusted the carburetor myself. but with this German I was a little upset. Tomorrow I will torture him again. Maybe the whole problem is just in the gasoline. thanks for the tip. Good luck
Evgeny (Flutura) how to rivet the crankshaft and assemble it. write in PM
Pavel (Lovett) Friends, tell me what to do, oil is leaking from under the muffler, but the tire is lubricated, you can see in the photo where it comes from... The oil is quickly leaving the tank
Alexey (Jemmy) Pavel, either change the crankcase, or take a thin drill and insert it into a small channel and cut a thread in this hole with an M6 tap, clean it thoroughly and screw in the screw until it hits the drill, the main thing is that no chips get inside
Pavel (Lovett) Alexey, ok) thank you, in short, I understood that I need to shut this thing up)
Alexey (Jemmy) Pavel, everything is correct, the main thing is not to block the oil channel
Alexander (Jewel) Is it possible to leave oil in the tank for long-term storage? MS180. And also, is it possible to flush the oil system with kerosene (let’s say when the oil runs out and I leave the saw for storage) by pouring a small amount of kerosene into the tank - start it up and let it run for a minute? Good luck to everyone in collecting firewood and heating your home.
Dmitry (Leyla) Alexander, in most cases no special manipulations with the oil tank are required, drain the oil and that’s it.
Viktor (Latifa) 180 starts and works well, but one problem is that it does not turn off as it should. what is the reason?
READ How to Cut an Outer Corner of a Baguette
Tags: How to adjust the carburetor on a STIHL 180 chainsaw video
Criteria for the selection and operation of spark plugs
The simplest indicator of mixture quality is the porcelain insulator of the spark plug center electrode. Any shade of brown indicates normal quality of the mixture; white or sooty insulator indicates a poor or over-enriched emulsion composition.
The heat rating of the spark plug in use must meet the stated requirements.
- The cause of oiling may be a so-called “cold” spark plug, which can be visually identified by a short insulator. Interruptions in sparking are possible if the gap is adjusted incorrectly or due to natural contact burnout.
- The recommended distance between the spark plug contacts is indicated in the instructions; in the absence of information, you can focus on the standard value of 0.7-1 mm. With a smaller gap, the efficiency of ignition of the fuel-air emulsion decreases; with an increased gap, interruptions in spark formation are possible.
- It is not recommended to burn a damp or oily candle on an open flame due to the risk of cracks and premature failure.
Over-enrichment of the mixture in the combustion chamber of a technically sound chainsaw is eliminated by purging the engine. To do this, just remove the spark plug and crank the crankshaft several times with a manual starter.
What to do if the spark plug is flooded on the chainsaw
If you suspect a flooded spark plug, you need to inspect it. Using a spark plug wrench, it is unscrewed and carefully examined. If the spark plug is wet, but there is a spark, then it has definitely been flooded.
Proper preparation of the fuel mixture also affects the life expectancy of the spark plug and can also damage it; read about the proportions in which to mix gasoline and oil here.
Many experienced owners are able to determine with a high degree of probability the current condition of a candle by its color. It is recommended to carry out this procedure regularly.
- Light brown soot is exactly what all owners want to see. In this case, the functionality of the chainsaw is not impaired.
- Black carbon deposits indicate an unbalanced mixture, namely a lack of oxygen in the fuel chamber. If the situation does not improve, there is a high probability that the chainsaw spark plug will flood again.
- If corrosion is detected on the fork or the distance between the electrodes is too large, then most likely a lean fuel mixture is used.
To sum it up...
In fact, as you can see, there are quite a few reasons for the breakdown of the STIHL 180 chainsaw, and at the same time, there are also quite a few solutions to this problem. If you are faced with this situation, then simply follow all the recommendations written above and then, undoubtedly, you will be able to repair your device, and it will delight you with its work for many years to come.
Sources:
https://stroyvoLGa.ru/%D0%BD%D0%B5-%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%81% D1%8F-%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C-180-%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0-%D0 %B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C/
Chainsaw starter device, spring installation
The chainsaw starter structure is shown in Figure 1. This spare part includes the following elements:
- drum;
- cable;
- starter handle;
- frame with return spring.
Most modern chainsaw manufacturers use standard starter designs. The essence of the starter's work is as follows:
- a trigger cord passes through the handle; when the handle is raised sharply, the cord is pulled out;
- the movement of the cord sets the ratchet drum in motion;
- this drum makes the other one, located on the shaft, move;
- The crankshaft makes several revolutions during the above movements, the fuel mixture is compressed, a fire occurs and the chainsaw begins to work.
Figure 1. How a chainsaw starter works.
The sequence for installing the chainsaw starter spring is:
- twist the spring to the desired diameter and place it in the body;
- then we fix the spring on the peg with the outer end so that the end of the spring is directed to the center;
- insert a screwdriver into the hole in the drive disk, find the loop on the spring and lower the disk;
- check that the end of the spring is in the right place;
- We insert the dangling starter cord into the groove and twist it so that the cord does not dangle and the spring is tensioned.
Factory springs go on sale already twisted and fixed with wire. Such springs are simply inserted into the groove, then the wire is cut and the spring takes its proper place. More information and a visual example of spring assembly can be obtained by watching the following videos:
How to assemble a chainsaw starter spring:
How to tension a chainsaw starter spring - video from a specialist:
Briefly about the main thing
This model is the pride of the German manufacturer and is a direct tool intended for minor work. It can be used for no more than twenty hours per month. This wonderful device will easily help you take care of your garden, prepare firewood for the winter (see how to cut down a tree), clear areas, and will also be an indispensable assistant in other areas of, let’s say, simple manipulations.
Mini chainsaw model
We can say that these are mini-model chainsaws, since they have a small weight, which is 3.9 kg , and they do not have a large mass of both oil and fuel tanks. The manufacturer has equipped this device with a two-stroke engine with sufficient power for light work.
Moreover, it is quite quiet since during operation the noise level does not exceed 98 dB. So to better understand the level of loudness itself, just compare its noise with conversational speech, which has an indicator of 76 dB.
The power of this model is 2.6 W. It's worth noting that this is a fairly significant level of power, considering that it is not a professional chainsaw. The oil tank has a volume of only 0.145 liters, and the fuel tank - 0.25 liters. The tire has a size of 350 mm and a pitch of 0.325 inches.
General information
The characteristics of this saw are a source of pride for the German manufacturer. At the same time, the unit is a tool that is designed to perform a small amount of work. The tool is positioned for domestic use, which confirms the intensity of its use, which should not exceed 20 hours per month . Having such a unit at your disposal, it will not be difficult for you to maintain order in your garden, prepare firewood for the winter, and also clear areas. At the same time, he will be able to help you in solving other problems where there is no need to perform complex manipulations.
Main characteristics
The saw in question can be considered a compact option, because its weight is only 3.9 kg. At the same time, it has a large capacity oil and fuel tank. The device performs its operating functions using a two-stroke engine, the power of which is sufficient to solve simple tasks. In addition to this, during operation this tool does not create much noise, the level of which does not exceed 98 dB . For ease of understanding, it is enough to say that human speech creates noise at a level of 76 dB.
- The Stihl 180 chainsaw has a power of 2.6 watts. In principle, this is enough, remembering that we are talking about a tool for household use.
- The capacity of the oil tank is 0.145 l, the fuel tank is 0.25 l.
- The tire provided by the design has dimensions of 350 mm, with a pitch of 0.325 inches.
Winding device
As with other saws, the carburetor plays the role of the main starting device. Looking in more detail at the carburetor that the Stihl 180 chainsaw is equipped with, it should be noted that it has a single adjustment screw. In other words, it is a kind of idle adjustment screw . In this case, the jet, which bears the full load, is motionless all the time.
In other words, the regulation is not applicable to him. In turn, there is no way to influence the full load in any way. You also need to pay attention to the factory settings, due to which the air-fuel mixture is supplied directly to the engine. Moreover, this principle remains unchanged regardless of the operating conditions of the tool.
Start according to instructions
Different models of chainsaws have their own starting features and their own mechanisms. We will look at the device startup algorithm using the example of the popular Stihl MS 180 chainsaw model.
Before starting the startup process, it should be noted that the instructions for some chainsaw models state that before starting the tool, you should apply the emergency stop brake to ensure additional safety. But with a fixed brake, starting will be more difficult. Accordingly, it will be better to unfix it.
If you do everything correctly, then nothing will be difficult. If you are worried that without fixing the chainsaw at the moment of starting it will cause harm, then it is better not to take risks at all and not get to work. So, the algorithm for launching the Calm tool is as follows:
- Before starting to wind the tool, the damper adjustment lever should be moved to the lower position. Remember that it moves all the way down on the saw only when the gas button is pressed. Press the gas button and move the lever down. This will close the carburetor valve and lock the gas in the pressed position;
- Next, vigorously pull the starter handle until you hear the characteristic sound of an attempt to start the tool. It should stall immediately. Then the damper position adjustment lever is moved one step up;
- In this position, pull the starter handle again until the saw starts. And if it starts, then due to the fact that the gas handle is fixed pressed, the work will take place at high speeds;
- Then press and release the gas button once so that the throttle adjustment lever automatically assumes the operating position and the speed decreases;
- If it is necessary to put a heated chainsaw into operation, you need to put the lever in the working position and then start it;
- To stop the machine's engine, the throttle adjustment lever must be moved to the up position.
Why does the gas cutter stall when you give it gas?
There may be even more reasons for this than in previous cases. Let's look at the main ones.
- Low quality fuel or oil, as well as incorrect calculation of the volumetric parts of the mixture required by the user manual;
- Unexpected flooding of spark plugs with fuel after starting at idle speed. To resume operation, excess fuel is drained, the spark plug is removed from the device and dried. Only after this can the unit start again;
- Also, the chainsaw starts normally, but when adding gas it stalls due to the fact that the spark may disappear. This usually happens when there is a weak connection between the wire and the spark plug tip or there are significant defects in the ignition elements.
- There is not enough fuel for the normal functioning of the chainsaw or its supply is insufficient (the air filter or breather is clogged with dust particles).
- The muffler is “overgrown” with pollutants and requires urgent cleaning.
- Problems in the cylinder-piston system.
- Problem with the lubrication system. It may simply not be enough, or the oil filter and conductive tubes may be clogged with debris. They wear out very much, so every time before you start working with a gas-powered tool, you should check it for the integrity of the tubes and connections supplying lubricant.
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