The Zaporozhye Automobile Plant never produced the Zaporozhets tractor, however, due to the intense interest of folk craftsmen in this machine, more than one prototype of garden equipment was created based on the popular vehicle. It is interesting that such a tractor is made on the basis of the ZAZ gearbox. Since this car is quite cheap (literally $100), this option is rightfully considered the most affordable option for obtaining a high-quality garden mini tractor. But is it really possible to assemble it yourself? And what is needed for this?
Homemade mini tractor based on ZAZ gearbox
Homemade mini tractor based on the ZAZ gearbox.
A small mini tractor is an excellent helper for a villager; with the help of such equipment, you can cultivate a small garden or pull a trailer with firewood.
Here is a homemade mini tractor with a classic layout, built by Valery from Khmelnitsky.
The minitrator is equipped with a four-stroke Sadko engine with a power of 6.5 hp. and a working volume of 200 cubic meters and a gearbox from Zaporozhets.
The track is 700 mm, the distance between the axles is 1120 mm.
Initially, a homemade gearbox with a reduction of two was installed, then an 80 pulley and a profile A 1200 belt on the flywheel. Lubricant was leaking from the gearbox and the gears were making a lot of noise. I removed the gearbox, put a pulley with an outer 60mm directly on the engine shaft, the rest is old, only the belt is a little longer. The noise has decreased significantly. Clean engine and gearbox. The speed has increased slightly, the gearbox has become 4.6 instead of 6, but in first gear there is enough slow movement and traction. It's scary to drive in fourth at speeds above average.
There is an original flywheel, machined for a belt, and an original ZAZ gearbox clutch. To reduce the load on the clutch cable and pedal, I threw out three springs from the clutch basket, leaving three left. It works fine, all gears shift easily except first. Although, if the idle is small, the first one will easily turn on. If the clutch moves a little, it is difficult to engage the lower and rear ones.
I want to clarify about the plow. I bought one industrial building. The tractor could barely pull it. I didn’t plow, but moved the soil. I made it homemade. A little better, but very little grip. I thought my micro tractor wouldn’t be able to plow. Then I immediately read on the topic that the plow must first lift the skiba (layer), and then turn it over and roll it off.
I drew a pattern myself, applied it to a gas cylinder, and cut it out. Cooked. And he began to plow. The grip is slightly wider than the thickness of the wheel.
It turned out that the following points are important:
- — Mechanical loader, if possible.
- — Thrust vector. Its direction is from the plow attachment point forward and downward from the horizontal. The tractor pulls forward and down. Then the plow deepens itself.
- — It is necessary to use a support wheel with adjustable depth of penetration. Otherwise, the body sinks unpredictably - the soil is uneven, the tractor floats.
- “The knife in front of the body can be used, but I took it off.” The roots of corn and large weeds simply poked at it, small grass gets crowded and slows down.
- — The support wheel must be located at such a distance from the body that large roots and pieces of soil can fit between them, otherwise the gap will become clogged.
- — The soil for plowing should be without long and strong stems. Not always feasible. You have to periodically clean the front of the case by hand. Dry plants are killed, green ones are cut. Corn roots are plowed and turned over quite easily. Previously, this was impossible, the iron was bent, the studs and bolts were cut. It is better to remove the sunflower root with a shovel so as not to tear the iron. Or a big plow and tractor.
- — It is necessary to adjust the grip by shifting left and right. In heavy soil, you can hide part of the body behind the wheel, the grip is smaller, so as not to load the engine and hardware.
- — The wheel goes along the furrow. The small diameter of the front wheel limits the plowing depth.
- — Long driving in a furrow can cause oil to overflow from the box into the axle housing due to tilt to the side.
- — The depth of the first pass is less than normal, the second is normal and full load, stable direction.
- — If the front wheels of the tractor are strongly pulled to the right, turn the body a little, a couple of degrees, clockwise, when viewed from above.
- -Since the tractor is moving in a furrow, it is necessary to position the plow slightly counterclockwise when viewed from the rear. Then it will become vertical.
- — Optimal shape of the plow body. Polished work surface. During breaks and in the off-season, treat the working surface with oil to prevent it from rusting. Some colleagues have the same tractor that easily plows with a body twice the size of mine. Upon closer examination of the photo, the soil appears to be sandy or similar. In my area there is heavy black soil. This year is also dry. He turns out such pieces. A large body simply won't hold up.
Tractor Zaporozhets
The history of the creation of the Zaporozhets tractor
In Kichkass, even before the First World War, one of the factories began the experimental construction of a tractor modeled on the American “Flour City”, and the Southern factories of the A. Kopp company produced several tractors with German 35 hp engines. But the war forced the experiments to stop. Only in 1921, when the activities of industrial enterprises began to gradually improve, the technical managers of the Kichkas plant, engineers G. Rempel and A. Unger, with the support of Zaporozhye Gubmetal, decided to build the first original tractor. It was built without drawings, according to sketches drawn in pencil, from scrap materials, or even parts from other machines that were at hand. The engineers' main goal was to determine the practical suitability of two design solutions - a simple single-cylinder engine running on black oil and one impeller, in order to obtain a simple and inexpensive tractor for agriculture.
A prototype Zaporozhets tractor was created at small Kichkas state agricultural engineering plants No. 14 and No. 11 under the leadership of engineer L. A. Unger. The tractor was built on the basis of a 12-horsepower two-stroke single-cylinder oil engine “Triumph” produced by Bolshetokmak State Plant No. 8.
The mixture in it was ignited from the ignition head, which was heated until red hot for 15-20 minutes before starting the engine. The ignition timing was regulated by supplying water to the cylinder, and the engine was cooled with water. Due to low efficiency and leaks, 28 kg of black oil and 50 liters of water were consumed to plow one dessiatine.
The gearbox, closed in a dense metal case, protected the gears from dirt and dust. Instead of ball bearings and babbitt liners, bronze bushings were used. Power from the engine to the wheels was transmitted through a friction clutch covered in rawhide. The tractor moved at only one speed - 3.6 km/h. True, within certain limits it was still changed by the influence of changes in the number of revolutions on the pendulum regulator.
The tractor business was just in its infancy in the young Soviet Republic, there was no talk of highly qualified mechanics, the base for operation and repair was limited to the rural forge. the work of such a simple machine as the Zaporozhets . The test report of the prototype (summer of 1922) stated: “A tractor with a 12-horsepower engine, consuming about two pounds of black oil per tithe, with a plowing depth of up to four inches, freely removed a layer of earth of 65 square inches. The tractor could plow 1.5-3 acres of land per day (depending on the depth of plowing).”
the Zaporozhets and provide its production with drawings and models. tractors were built . The sample arrived at Tokmak on September 29, 1923. Here it was planned to master its mass production.
The demand for Zaporozhets brand tractor was great. It especially increased after tests carried out together with the American Fordson in the spring of 1925. Plowing a dessiatine of land Zaporozhets , who already had 16 liters. s., finished 25 minutes earlier. At the same time, oil consumption was 17.6 kg. Fordzod burned 36 kg of kerosene. In all respects, the Red Progress pet looked better than its foreign counterpart. The maximum program was supposed to increase the production of Zaporozhian Cossacks to 300 units per year by 1924-1925. However, the course of further events was not in favor of Zaporozhets . The direction of mass production won. By this time, the horizons of the first five-year plan had already become clear, the country faced enormous tasks, and large enterprises were needed.
In total, about 500 Zaporozhets tractors
The tractor is designed for processing small peasant plots, taking into account real domestic conditions and made from available materials. Zaporozhets is easy to manufacture and operate. Zaporozhets tractor has the following design features: frame structure and three wheels (one rear drive and two front guides). With this scheme, a difficult-to-manufacture differential is not needed. The two-stroke, single-cylinder, calorific-type engine ran on crude oil. The gearbox was missing. The change in speed and direction of movement occurred when the frequency and direction of rotation of the crankshaft changed. tractor produced in the early 20s .
ZAPOROZHETS TRACTOR : 1 - front axle, 2 - radiator, 3 - pump, 4 - engine, 5 - clutch, 6 - engine heating system, 7 - multi-stage gearbox, 8 - exhaust pipe, 9 - fuel tank, 10 - traction gas, 11 — clutch lever, 12 — drive wheel housing, 13 — drive wheel, 14 — trailer unit.
Technical characteristics of the Zaporozhets tractor
Tractor type: wheeled, general purpose Engine type: 1-cylinder, two-stroke, calorific type Nominal engine power, hp 12 Hook power, hp 6 Fuel crude oil Number of gears forward 1 reverse none Travel speed, km/h forward 3.6 Dimensions dimensions, mm length width 2030 height (on the hood) 1630 Tractor , kg 1920
How to assemble a mini tractor with a gearbox and parts from ZAZ with your own hands
Many farmers want to know how to install a ZAZ gearbox on a mini tractor. Agricultural machinery is an irreplaceable thing, but its cost often deters farmers with small plots of land. It is believed that spending huge amounts of money on treating a small area is inappropriate. But do not forget that it is also impossible to completely replace the machine, performing all actions exclusively with your hands.
In this case, a homemade mini-tractor, designed on the basis of an old car, for example, a Zaporozhets, can come to the rescue. Despite the fact that the car body quickly breaks down, inside the car is equipped with powerful and high-quality elements necessary for the functioning of the vehicle.
Zaporozhets hurries to the fire
During the Soviet Union, about 2,500 ZAZ-968 MP models with a pickup body were produced. Most of these machines were operated in Ukraine.
Despite the small volume of the cargo compartment and the inconvenience of loading and unloading, pickup trucks have gained some popularity. In Leningrad, at the Igrushka production association, for the first time, cars of this model began to be used as a fire engine for internal plant needs.
ZAZ-968 MP, in addition to transporting fire extinguishers and other fire equipment, towed a special pump for extinguishing fires.
Tens of years later, this particular car was restored to order by the Smirnov Design Bureau. The basic ZAZ-968 MP car was found from a Moscow collector. The work ahead was quite extensive.
A fairly large number of modifications were needed to create a full-fledged fire crew:
- First, the car was completely disassembled, the elements and assemblies were painted bright red.
- In addition, special attention was paid to strengthening the body.
- Specialists installed flashing lights, additional headlights, a tow bar, and IV-167 all-terrain wheels from a LuAZ SUV.
The fire truck was equipped with nine fire extinguishers of those years, marked OP-5.
The salon was recreated using exclusively original materials. The craftsmen paid special attention to the trailer with an installed fire pump. The 1.2-liter power unit with a capacity of 40 “horses” remained standard.
Is it possible to make a mini tractor based on a ZAZ gearbox?
That is why many spare parts, such as a gearbox or Zaporozhets engine, are perfect for making a mini tractor with your own hands.
Such a machine is useful for performing any small-scale agricultural work.
So, with its help you can plow the area more efficiently, cultivate the soil or form beds. A mini tractor based on the ZAZ gearbox is also suitable for winter work, including snow removal, for transporting garbage or harvested crops.
Thanks to modern technologies and the ability to find all the necessary drawings and diagrams, a mini tractor from Zaporozhets can be made by any farmer with minimal skills and the necessary available tools.
How to make a mini tractor with a ZAZ engine
In order to make a mini tractor with a ZAZ 968 engine, you will need the following components:
- Front axle and rear axle. It is recommended to shorten them in advance and digest the parts. In this case, the front axle can be used directly in conjunction with existing rims. The tires on them should be changed if necessary.
- The brake, as well as a couple of sets of hubs, which are useful for the wheels located at the rear of the tractor.
- Clutch and steering box.
- ZAZ gearbox for a mini tractor, equipped with axle shafts. Of course, you can replace this structural element with another, more powerful one, since initially the gearbox models were not designed to work with strong traction. However, consider the case when everything is taken from the car.
- Hydraulic system. In some cases, some of the hoses and fittings need to be updated.
Homemade mini-tractor with internal combustion engine from Zaporozhets
Dear visitors to the site “ Samodelkin Friend ”, today we will look at another homemade mini tractor with an engine from the Legendary car “Zaporozhets” assembled by Alexander from the city of Vologda. This tractor is assembled entirely from components and assemblies of domestic production, namely the gearbox is installed from a GAZ-51 truck, the rear axle is also shortened by GAZ, the engine, as you already understood, is “Zaporozhets” 30 l/s, the rear wheels are from a T-40 all-wheel drive tractor (front) or from MTZ, which is basically the same. The mini-tractor frame is welded from channel 8, the instrument panel and electrics are ZAZ.
The mini-tractor has a whole range of attachments: a plow for plowing the garden, a segment-type mower (horse-mounted), a cultivator, harrows, a hiller, a potato digger and a planter, as well as a blade for cleaning and removing snow in the winter season. In general, the tractor is operated in full all year round without downtime)
Unfortunately, there are no step-by-step photos of assembling a homemade tractor, but if you are interested, you can consider similar models with a similar transmission.
Photo review of a homemade mini-tractor with an engine from Zaporozhets.
The tractor is registered with the State Traffic Inspectorate and has State registration numbers.
A tractor plows a vegetable garden with a double moldboard plow.
It moves confidently in the arable land without slipping.
There is also a hiller for hilling potatoes.
To transport various goods, the author uses a homemade trailer with a carrying capacity of 1 ton.
Snow plow. The mower is an old one, it used to be harnessed to a horse, it is of a segment type and is driven by the rotation of its own wheels. The mechanism is old and proven. As you can see, the mower has room for the operator.
Cutting grass for hay.
This is what the tractor dashboard looks like.
Engine Zaporozhets
There is a “twist” installed on the steering wheel, which makes it easier to turn the steering wheel)
Driver's seat.
“Zhuzhik” has been equated to a Ferrari
<What does this “hunchback” have in common with the products of the famous Italian automaker? As it turned out - the price. For a sports car that accelerates to 220 km/h, the owners want to get 20 million rubles, because for the modifications they needed a pair of Lotus (from them - the chassis) and a pair of Cossacks.
In addition, a 260 hp Toyota engine was used. (located behind the front seats), LED headlights from Harley Davidson, subwoofer and speakers from Yamaha. The door opens when you press the button on the key fob.
At the moment the power supply is turned on, instruments are self-removed from the glove compartment and show oil temperature and pressure. The central panel is suitable for charging a smartphone. In general, the “zhuzhik” is small, but daring.
Assembling a homemade tractor from Zaporozhets
Buying agricultural machinery for small farms and cultivating small plots of land is not profitable.
However, manual labor will not fully replace agricultural machinery. Fortunately, a homemade tractor from Zaporozhets will be an adequate replacement for factory equipment. The tin body quickly becomes unusable. But the car is filled with high-quality and more powerful hardware than it might seem at first glance. Therefore, spare parts and components can be used to manufacture a functional compact tractor suitable for various agricultural work. From plowing and tilling soil to forming beds, mowing, removing snow and debris, transporting compact loads and crops.
