Injection pump device for MTZ - 80, 82
UTN-5, as the fuel pump for the Belarusian brand of tractors is called, is made of durable aluminum alloy and is available in two possible installation options - left and right, depending on the design features of the flange mounting. Throughout the entire body, it is divided into two cavity parts by a special partition, where in the lower cavity there is a shaft with a pump drive, and in the upper cavity there are separate sections of this pump.
You can read the full detailed structure of the high pressure fuel pump of the D-240 engine below
Fuel pump with regulator:
1 - pressure fitting; 2 - clamps; 3 - spring; 4 - discharge valve; 5 — valve seat; 6 - gasket; 7 — plunger bushing; 8 - plunger; 9 - plug; 10 — ring gear; 11 — rotary sleeve; 12 — regulator cover; 13 — rack rod; 14 — spring lever; 15 — regulator spring; 16 — enrichment spring; 17 — main lever; 18 — corrector housing; 19 — corrector rod; 20 — adjusting screw; 21 - intermediate lever; 22 — nominal bolt; 23 - bolt; 24 — regulator body; 25 — load axis; 26 - heel; 27 - coupling; 28 — heel axis; 29 — lever axis; 30 — regulator weights; 31 — thrust ball bearings; 32 — drain plug; 33 — cargo hub; 34 — shock absorber block; 35 — washer; 36 — bearing cup; 37 — oil deflector; 38 — control lever; 39 - cam shaft; 40 - plug; 41 — eccentric drive of the booster pump; 42 — flange for mounting the booster pump; 43 — adjusting washer; 44 — mounting plate; 45 — pump housing; 46 — oil supply hole; 47 — roller nut; 48 — splined bushing; 49 — mounting flange; 50 — pusher with roller; 51 — pusher adjusting bolt; 52 — spring plate (lower); 53 — plunger spring; 54 — spring plate; 55 — rack; 56 — bolt for bleeding; 57 — channel for fuel removal; 58 — bypass tube; 59 — bypass valve body; 60 - plug; 61 — valve ball; 62 — hole for fuel supply; 63 — channel for fuel supply; 64 - cut-off hole; 65 — inlet hole of the plunger sleeve; 66 - pin; 67 — hatch cover; 68 — adjusting screw; 69 — gasket; 70 - filler plug; 71 — adjusting screw; 72 — corrector spring; 73 - tightening screw.
dimensions
Main overall dimensions of the MTZ-50 tractor:
- the clearance value (agrotechnical clearance) is 465 mm;
- length from the hinged system to the tread in the front of the wheels – 3,810 mm;
- height from the tread at the bottom of the wheels to the cabin roof – 2,470 mm;
- width (from one terminal connection to another) – 1,970 mm;
- total weight (without attachments and filling fluids) – 3,600 kg.
Despite the rather early years of production, the tractor cabin is relatively comfortable (especially considering the cost of this equipment).
It is coated with a special anti-corrosion primer and painted with powder paint: all this is extremely important, since most often the MTZ-50 is used in a very aggressive environment (high humidity, an abundance of organic matter).
Cabins at modern MTZ are lined with vibroplast inside, which allows to optimally reduce vibration from the engine in the cabin.
Doors and windows can be opened and fixed using special racks (hydraulic).
Operating principle of UTN - 5
A booster pump, a mounting plate with a flange and a regulator are attached to the outside of the fuel pump housing, and a high-pressure fuel line is connected to each of the fittings, through which the necessary fuel is supplied to the injector. The pump is driven by a crankshaft gear, which is connected to the intermediate gear and the gear of the pump itself.
If the pump has ever been repaired, then after each disassembly/assembly it is necessary to accurately check the angle of the gear connections, because if the angle is incorrect, malfunction is inevitable. The degree of inclination angle should always correspond to 22°30″ and, of course, preferably be checked by mechanics, and not independently.
Diesel engine fuel system
throat for filling fuel, filter devices for various purposes, air cleaner, exhaust manifold, muffler, injectors, air filter, fine and coarse filters for diesel fuel, electric torch heater with a fuel tank, booster pump, intake manifold, fuel tanks, various pipes - drainage and high-pressure pressure, fuel pump, drain valve, fuel pump regulator. The longitudinal channels in UTN-5 are located at the highest point of this pump; they connect the pump with a fine filter, and with its pumping system, where there is a bypass valve.
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Checking (adjusting) the fuel pump
Before checking, it is necessary to ensure that the locking cone of the discharge valve is tight and that there is sufficient pressure in the pump section located in the upper cavity. Rotating the crankshaft, you need to move the regulator until the needle on the pressure gauge stops at 15 MPa. The engine is then stopped and the fuel supply is turned off using the control lever. When the pressure drops on the pressure gauge in less than 10 seconds, the valve is in good working order and can be used for further use.
To adjust the exact angle at which fuel begins to flow, you will need to screw in/unscrew a special adjusting bolt. When unscrewing the bolt, the angle will increase, and when screwing it back in, it will decrease accordingly. Please note that one turn (turn) of screwing in/unwinding adjusts the engine speed by approximately 30-50 revolutions. When the bolt is loosened, the performance and throughput of the pump decreases proportionally, and when tightened, on the contrary, it increases.
Theoretical recommendations
You can logically calculate that as the fuel supply to the engine increases, its torque also increases, which naturally increases the rated power of the D-240 engine. In addition, the speed of operation is increased to the limits of its capabilities.
Changing the oil in the UTN-5 pump is necessary only after disassembly and repair, and is not necessary for everyday use of the tractor. Filling of diesel oil should be done through the injection pump crankcase in a volume of 150-200 ml.
Among the most popular models of tractor equipment used in various fields, the most widely used is the MTZ 82. The injection pump of this tractor seems to be an important design element that is necessary for the correct operation of the vehicle. From time to time it may require adjustments or repairs, which you can do yourself.
Electrical equipment
The electrical equipment of the MTZ-50 tractor consists of the following main parts:
- generator;
- starter;
- starter motor;
- glow plugs;
- ignition systems.
The most important part of electrical equipment is the starter. It is a conventional DC motor and is excited in series.
Has the following technical characteristics:
- power – 4.5 l. With.;
- rated output voltage
- braking torque – 7 kg×m;
- current consumed during rotor braking – 1450 A;
- when the rotor stops completely, the voltage at the terminals is 7 V;
- rotor rotation speed at idle – 5,000 rpm;
- no-load current
- voltage at the output terminals, at idle – 11.5 V.
The starter is turned on remotely. For this, a special traction-type electromagnetic relay is used, which is installed under the starter housing. It allows you to automatically turn off the starter after starting the engine.
Special glow plugs are used to ignite the fuel mixture. They must have the following technical characteristics:
- maximum operating current – 50 A;
- operating voltage supplied to the spark plug is 1.4 A;
- resistance – 0.02 Ohm.
Characteristics of fuel injection pump
The MTZ fuel pump belongs to the category of four-plunger units and is designed to ensure the necessary fuel circulation. In the design of the tractor, it is located in one block with a pumping analogue and a centrifugal regulator. The block is located on the left side of the D-240 engine, secured with bolts to the distribution cover.
Before you figure out how to add fuel to the MTZ injection pump, you need to become more familiar with its characteristics and features. Correct operation of the unit is ensured by the action of the crankshaft, which drives it through a gear mechanism.
Among the most significant characteristics of this important element it is advisable to include:
- manufacturer - Noginsk;
- spare parts catalog number - 4UTNI-1111005-20;
- scope of application - power units of the D series (from 240 to 248.1 modification) for various MTZ models;
- drive type - splined bushing.
The MTZ 82 fuel equipment is not a completely unique development, since it has foreign analogues. An example is the Czech-made PP4M9P1g-4201, which is almost identical in its technical design and characteristics.
Chassis and transmission
The MTZ-50 is equipped only with a mechanical transmission.
It has 9 gears for moving forward and 2 gears for moving backward. To switch to lower gears, a special shaft is used.
An important feature of a manual transmission is that shifts are carried out without loss of power - this allows not only to save fuel, but also to improve the tractor’s cross-country ability and its driving characteristics.
The rear axle has a special differential with a locking function. It can be controlled from the driver's cabin using a special pedal.
The suspension for the rear wheels is rigid. This does not have the best effect on the comfort of movement. A semi-rigid suspension is used on the front wheels, and there is also a special balancing axle.
The rear wheels are attached to the axles using special clamp-like connections, which allows them to be easily disconnected if necessary. The wheel track can be easily adjusted if necessary:
- rear wheels can be adjusted in the range from 1,400 to 2,100 mm;
- the front wheels are adjustable in the range from 1,200 to 1,800 mm (the step for changing the track of both front and rear wheels is 100 mm).
The ground clearance of the MTZ-50 tractor is as much as 465 mm. This allows you to easily move even along impressive ruts left by other tractors or mining trucks.
Also, high cross-country ability is facilitated by a special type of tread - its depth is very large. It is this that allows you to cling to extremely liquid soil and easily overcome problem areas of the terrain.
The equipment in question uses disc brakes. They are extremely reliable and have excellent performance parameters.
Adjusting the brakes is extremely simple. It can be carried out until the total wear of the discs is more than 8 mm. The full pedal travel in normal operation is 90 mm (pressing force is 12 kg).
The tractor is controlled using the front axle; it is rotary. The design has a hydraulic booster.
Device
When planning to repair the MTZ fuel injection pump, you should familiarize yourself in more detail with the design of such an element. It is distinguished by a minimum number of elements and high reliability, which makes it possible to significantly simplify the procedure for adjusting the pump, as well as troubleshooting. The main components of this unit are:
- plunger pairs;
- frame;
- pressure type valve;
- pushers;
- camshaft;
- plunger drive mechanism.
Adjusting the fuel pump
One of the most important measures for servicing the fuel pump of the MTZ tractor is its adjustment. If it is performed correctly, the owner of the equipment will be able to avoid damage to the pump and other structural elements. Adjustment manipulations are carried out using a special stand, as well as the necessary tools:
- instruments that allow you to measure shaft rotation speed;
- disk for determining fuel supply;
- measuring containers for controlling fuel volumes;
- drive and variator, which are capable of smoothly changing rotation speed.
Speed indicators are adjusted using a bolt located in the product body, which is responsible for the degree of tension of the control spring. Screwing in the bolt leads to an increase in performance, and unscrewing it counterclockwise, on the contrary, will reduce the speed. The fuel supply is adjusted using a special sleeve, which works on a similar principle. For uniform feeding, you should use the nominal edge, which is also located on the body.
Trouble-shooting
There are several of the most common malfunctions that owners of MTZ tractors most often encounter. Since the price of the fuel pump is low, the technician can completely replace it if desired, but it will be much more economical to fix the breakdowns on his own.
The most common breakdown is wear of a pair of plungers , which is due to the low quality of the fuel and the abundance of impurities in it. For repairs, you will need to restore or replace damaged elements. To avoid damage, the fuel filter should be cleaned and replaced regularly.
Water hammer often leads to breakdowns due to the appearance of water in the system. If a problem occurs, you will need to thoroughly clean the element from any remaining moisture, and then restore its tightness.
Cooling
The engine is liquid cooled. Both distilled water and antifreeze can be used as a coolant.
The temperature of the liquid in the cooling system is regulated using a standard thermostat or special shutters located on the radiator.
Attention! The coolant temperature when the engine is running is controlled by a special sensor connected to an analog scale in the driver's cabin. It should not exceed 95 degrees.
If there is a need to replace the coolant, then this is quite simple: special taps are located on the radiator tank and cylinder block.
