Kamaz 55111 technical characteristics, load capacity, dump truck weight

The Kama Automobile Plant mass-produced the KamAZ-55111 dump truck from 1987 to 2012. Therefore, this truck can safely be called one of the most popular vehicles of the famous domestic brand.

This model is a 3-axle 6x4 vehicle equipped with a standard metal dump body, which provides rear unloading and has a volume of 6.6 m3.

The technical characteristics made the KamAZ 55111 dump truck a universal machine, which was used in almost all areas of industry and the country's economy.

Modifications

Over the course of 25 years, the basic model KamAZ 55111-18 has been constantly improved, refined and tailored to specific tasks. As a result, KamAZ modifications with indices were born:

• 55111-16 – a truck equipped with electric and hydraulic pneumatic outlets and a towing device for the use of dump trailers.
• 55102 is a tractor equipped with a platform with folding sides, and is aimed at transporting products from the agricultural production sector.

The base car was produced in a version that was designed for use in hot climates, as well as in a version for work in the northern regions of the Russian Federation. In the second case, the design and technical the characteristics of KamAZ 55111 ensured the vehicle’s performance at extremely low temperatures, down to -50 Celsius.

Design features

The 55111 series truck is equipped with a durable frame, which is connected to a system of beams and side members with special fasteners. Reliable operation of on-board systems and mechanisms is ensured by hydraulics, which includes such elements as:

• tank;
• hydraulic cylinder;
• oil and pneumatic drive;
• control valve;
• limiting valves;
• power take-off;
• pneumatic valves operating on electricity;
• oil pump.

Hydraulics are activated from the driver's cabin of KamAZ 55111.

The car chassis provides for the installation of lightweight wheels manufactured by ZIL. Design features include a spring suspension and a platform that has an all-metal structure, a heating system and a tilting mechanism for rear unloading, equipped with a remote control.

Characteristics of KamAZ-55111

The operational capabilities of the truck made it very in demand and popular. Its load capacity is 13 tons, maximum speed is 90 km/h, and fuel consumption is 30 liters per hundred kilometers.

A standard fuel tank with a volume of 250 liters allowed the dump truck to travel about 800 km in autonomous mode. Among other advantages of the model, excellent maintainability and availability of spare parts deserve special attention.

The dimensions (LxWxH) of the base model are 670x250x276.5 centimeters. Other parameters look like this:

• track – 2043/1890 mm (front/rear axle);
• ground clearance – 290 mm;
• wheelbase – 2840 mm;
• weight - 9150 / 22300 / 12800 / 35100 kg (curb / full / semi-trailer / road train).

Advantages

One can talk endlessly about the advantages that KamAZ trucks are endowed with, since it is this equipment that has taken pride of place among domestically produced self-unloading trucks. In terms of their operational and technical indicators, they are practically in no way inferior to their European counterparts. The equipment is characterized by ease of maintenance, unpretentiousness of the engine, high maintainability and many other advantages. Also, KamAZ dump trucks are quite reliable during constant operation, have a very powerful engine and excellent cross-country ability.

Despite the fact that purchasing a dump truck will require significant investments, this equipment will last quite a long time and will not require additional large costs for repairs and maintenance.

Power unit

All main technical characteristics of KamAZ-55111 are determined by the installed engine. This model was equipped with several varieties of the KAMAZ-740 diesel engine, but most often it was the 740.51-240 modification, equipped with a turbocharging system.

The rated power of this 10.85-liter 8-cylinder unit with V-shaped architecture reached 240 “horses” at a frequency of 2200 rpm.

Torque at the peak gave a reading of 912 Nm, and compression reached 16.5. Having a 350-liter tank for diesel fuel, the KamAZ 55111 fuel consumption per 100 km did not exceed 30 liters. In low temperature conditions, a pre-heater was installed.

Description

KamAZ 55111 was used in the construction field. Rear cargo loading. The cabin, tilted in the direction of travel of the car, without a berth, is designed for 3 people: one driver and two passengers. It was intended to be used during the daytime. The dump truck is made in 4 trim levels. The car is equipped with an 8-cylinder diesel unit. The wheel formula is 6 x 4. KamAZ 55111 has a load capacity of 13 tons.

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Truck cab

The car was equipped with the brand’s traditional cabover metal cabin without a berth, which tilted forward (42 and 60 degrees) if necessary to provide access to the internal combustion engine. This structure was mounted on the frame directly above the power unit, located longitudinally.

Unlike the basic version, modifications that appeared later received a cabin with a raised roof. But due to the fact that the dump truck was not designed for long journeys, a sleeping place never appeared in the restyled version.

The level of comfort in the cabin can be considered sufficient for specialized equipment. Thus, the driver's seat is sprung and equipped with seat belts. Vibration isolation and “Shumka” meet the requirements that were relevant in the 80s of the last century. The ease of operating the machine and the ergonomics of the cabin can easily be attributed to the same period.

Without further ado, let's try to decide which criteria are the most important when buying a dump truck.

And first, of course, you need to know what kind of work you want to buy this equipment for. Because ordinary road dump trucks and quarry dump trucks with increased cross-country ability are completely different machines with a set of different technical characteristics.

That is, the first criterion, obviously, is precisely these - the technical characteristics of the dump truck. For our money, we want to get equipment that would effectively perform the tasks assigned to it, have the appropriate power, body volume, would be easy to operate and convenient to use. An important factor is the comfort of the driver, who sometimes has to spend many hours in a row in the cab.

Secondly, such a dump truck must be reliable and easy to maintain. I absolutely don’t want to buy a large Lego set, which, half a year after purchase, will require incredible material and time investments in its repair or service.

Thirdly, I would like to get all this for a reasonable price, without overpaying just for the brand.

In this article we will analyze one of the most popular and well-known brands of dump trucks in our country - KAMAZ. We will analyze its most popular models, determine their advantages and disadvantages, try to find the best option for each type of construction work, and, importantly, understand whether they are “worth the money.” In a word, we will try to find a middle ground between the quality and cost of dump trucks of this brand. And we will conduct this analysis based on real, real reviews from KAMAZ dump truck owners.

Kamaz model 65115 (6x4)

Produced since 1998.

Main technical characteristics:

Advantages:

This machine is perfect for use in monotonous work within the city and on construction sites. The car is very economical and inexpensive. Works reliably in any weather conditions, is not afraid of low temperatures, including due to the use of heating in the engine power system, including the fuel tank. The dump truck has good maneuverability even when fully loaded. It has a large windshield, a low dashboard and a high-mounted driver's seat. All this provides good visibility and comfort to the driver. The oval shape of the body is also interesting, preventing the load from sticking to the bottom and ensuring it can easily be dumped. The good thing about this dump truck model is the gearbox – it has a divider, which allows you to use the engine’s “full” capabilities.

Quite simply maintained, subject to repair and technical modification. During normal operation, the engine does not require repair for a long time. Often used within the city as a garbage truck.

Flaws:

Gasoline consumption is much higher than the standard (37 l). The engine is capricious and cannot tolerate the slightest overheating. Air filters and the unit belt are very sensitive. Service and replacement should be carried out on time. New cars often come across defective fuel pumps and turbines. It is absolutely not recommended to use antifreeze (only antifreeze!), otherwise the pump will quickly fail. The brakes of the front wheels in the car are jammed - this is usually visible from the wear of the tires. The timing belt and turbocharger wear out quite quickly. Poor clutch and rough gear shifting. When driving, there is strong vibration of the gearshift lever - while driving, this causes a strong hum in the cabin. The car has difficulty covering long distances, because there is no sleeping place in the cabin, and the rigid suspension creates difficulties for the driver during long journeys.

In 2010, this model was restyled.

Restyling of the Kamaz 65115 (6x4) model

Advantages:

During the restyling process, the car's cabin became plastic-metal, that is, quite fragile, but no longer so susceptible to corrosion. The bumper and the location of the headlights on it were changed, and the headlights themselves received new optics. In fact, the cab of the vehicle began to look updated, but the owners of such dump trucks note that now, during operation, the headlights become dirty much more quickly with dirt and often have to be wiped. Also, the cabin of the restyled model of the dump truck was equipped with a new set of heated spherical mirrors and a new, more convenient fuel sensor in the tank in the form of a float. The location of the brake cylinder under the radiator grill has become convenient, which makes it easy to service. But still, the main improvements of this machine were three-way unloading, a significant extension of the service interval and a reduction in fuel consumption by 10%. Also, according to the owners, unlike foreign cars, this car is not afraid of overloads.

Flaws:

One of the main problems in the updated car, according to owners, is the hydraulic fluid release valve, which often causes the body lift to jam. As it turned out, all restyled models of the 65115 dump truck suffer from this, and the only way to combat this is manually - you have to get out of the car and knock on the valve. Everyone calls the car's braking system the next problem. At the moment, Kamaz has switched to plastic Eurotubes in production; it happens that exhaust gases melt them, and the dump truck almost instantly loses its ability to brake. The hydraulic system of the driver's cab raise/lower locks often does not work. The owners also note the harshness of the car; in this regard, nothing has changed in Kamaz.

Price: as of November 24, 2014, a new Kamaz model 65115 costs approximately $50,000-55,000.

Kamaz model 55102 (6×4)

Main technical characteristics:

Advantages:

The car is cheap and economical. Released for use on public roads. All-season dump truck - perfectly tolerates any temperature. It is popularly called “collective farmer” due to its convenient operation in rural areas and side loading. Refuels with any fuel and handles cheap low-octane diesel very well. The car is nimble, even when fully loaded it drives on country roads with ease.

If spare parts are available, it can be easily repaired even on the road. With a fairly small investment in replacing some systems, the machine becomes fast and reliable.

Flaws:

slightly short body and lack of rear unloading, which creates inconvenience. Engine oil often leaks for various reasons. Outdated cabin and platform design. The car has been out of production for a long time. Instead, the Kamaz 45143 model with a lifting capacity of 10 tons rolled off the assembly line.

Kamaz model 43255 (4x2)

Main technical characteristics

Advantages:

The machine is designed to transport goods on public roads. City dump truck, equipped with a hydraulic platform lifting mechanism. The ceiling height in the cab has been increased compared to older Kamaz models. The design feature of the body, which ensures a low center of gravity of the load, makes this dump truck very stable. The machine is compact, with small dimensions, so it is convenient for use in small spaces. For this reason, it is often operated by public utilities.

Flaws:

The car is expensive for such a “baby”. Low cross-country ability on sticky soils; in fact, this dump truck is good for use only on asphalt roads. The machine is not very powerful; when fully loaded, it has difficulty accelerating and climbing hills.

Price: the price of such a new car as of November 24, 2014 is approximately 55,000-60,000 US dollars.

Kamaz model KAMAZ-65111 (6×6)

Main technical characteristics

Advantages:

The owners clearly rate this model of dump truck as one of the most successful in the KAMAZ line. It is quite maneuverable and has high cross-country ability. Two large tanks provide a longer range. The dump truck was originally designed for work in the Far North, which means it can easily withstand even very low temperatures: it has heated mirrors, special insulation for the cabin and engine compartment, and the body can be heated by exhaust gases. Due to the elongated body and lowered sides, the dump truck has good stability. The all-terrain vehicle, popularly called the “Kamaz-all-terrain vehicle,” is therefore often successfully used in rural areas. The dump truck is economical and easy to maintain; spare parts for it are easy to find.

Flaws:

Like all Kamaz vehicles, the design and comfort of the cabin are outdated, “Soviet”. Just like in the case of all its brothers, you won’t go on a long journey on this dump truck - you’ll bruise your sides and knock off your spleens. The weak points in the car are the turbocharger - it throws out oil, and the clutch - the thrust ring loops break and the release bearings wear out quickly. Much criticism has been heard about the transfer case, but almost all KAMAZ-made dump trucks are guilty of this.

Also, one of the disadvantages, but rather not of the dump truck itself, but of the builders’ idea of ​​it, is its carrying capacity. The owners of the machine assure that they often encounter misunderstandings among customers about the carrying capacity of 15 tons. According to the established opinion of many tenants, a dump truck should be a 10- or 20-ton truck, and a load capacity of 15 tons sincerely confuses them.

Price: the price of such a new car as of November 24, 2014 is approximately 60,000 US dollars.

Kamaz models 6520-19 (6x4) , 6520-60 (6x4), 6520-61 (6x4)

Model 6520-19

Model 6520-60

Model 6520-61

Main technical characteristics

Advantages:

In these dump trucks, the well-known “Kamaz” hum has been eliminated. Silence, first of all, is ensured by an improved muffler, made according to European standards from two layers, between which there is sound-absorbing material. There is also less noise in the cabin itself, the panels of which are made of special plastic with a noise-insulating coating. Designed to absorb noise and a special frame covering the engine compartment. In a word, these cars are much quieter than all previous models.

The model 6520-19 is equipped with the American CUMMINS ISLe 350.30 engine. It is compact, but at the same time powerful, high quality and reliable. The driver's cabin on air cushions creates a feeling of softness of the car.

One of the advantages is a good stove in the cabin, which all owners speak positively about.

Flaws:

Due to the sound insulation system, it is now more difficult to get into the engine compartment. The weakest point of these cars, according to reviews from owners, is the gearbox and brakes. They “fall in” first. There are also complaints about the rear axle, which, apparently, is better to strengthen yourself. Almost all owners talk about the unsuitability of their original tires. Again, the interior design of the cabin is not pleasing - it is still “Sovdep”, there is no air conditioning. The American CUMMINS engine model 6520-19 naturally “requires” high-octane fuel. When refueling with low-quality diesel, it soon develops serious malfunctions. Owners complain about an unreliable radiator and a weak fuel pump in these dump trucks, which not all services undertake to repair. In model 6520-61, when fully loaded, the car feels a loss of power; it has difficulty overcoming a long uphill climb. Unfortunately, in these Kamaz models the normalized fuel consumption does not correspond to the declared ones; it often exceeds 50 liters. The situation is also bad with some spare parts - they are expensive or you have to wait for them to order. Advice: under no circumstances should antifreeze be used on these Kamaz models. Antifreeze only.

Kamaz model 65201 (8x4)

Main technical characteristics

Advantages:

A heavy-duty dump truck with a very voluminous body definitely pays for itself faster. The car has good acceleration dynamics. There are no problems with gear shift clarity. Relatively smooth ride even when fully loaded. Owners praise the dump truck’s reinforced drive axles, and solid side member reinforcements have also increased the reliability and durability of the frame. The cabin is insulated and soundproofed, and the control panel has also been slightly modified. These, albeit small improvements in driver comfort, are sincerely pleasing.

Flaws:

An impressively high price, which is immediately upsetting. With all its power characteristics, according to those who operated it, the machine is not very suitable for heavy work in viscous soils and in quarries. It works flawlessly only on smooth roads and hard soils, that is, in large populated areas. This dump truck’s own tires are no good, better quality, imported ones, “eat”, especially the front ones. Owners often complain about the engine cylinder head guide breaking in cars that are still under warranty. As a result, the engine leaks oil.

Price: the price of such a new car as of November 24, 2014 is about 90,000 US dollars.

Kamaz model 55111 (6x4)

Main technical characteristics

Advantages:

Production of this car was stopped in 2012. It was replaced by model 65115, which is essentially more economical.

According to reviews, the model 55111 dump truck has good maneuverability due to its small turning radius, so it is convenient for use in city conditions. They praise the reliability of the engine, the small wheels that are convenient for such a machine, and the tilt angle of the cab - 60 degrees. The machine is economical and stable. I'm pleased with the reliability of the driver's cabin heater and the cabin's heat and sound insulation. In general, the quality and convenience of this Kamaz dump truck model is rated by car owners as very satisfactory. The machine is of a low price category, easy to maintain, spare parts are inexpensive and interchangeable with other Kamaz models.

Flaws:

The metal from which the cabin is made is highly susceptible to corrosion. As the owners put it, “rots alive.” The rear cardan breaks the splines, the axle carriage falls off the frame. The gearboxes are also flimsy, and the clutch leaves much to be desired. The weakest point, perhaps, can be called the hydraulic body lifting system; oil constantly flows from it. The rear springs are “eaten up” in just a few months of work - they should be strengthened yourself.

KAMAZ model 6522 (6x6)

Main technical characteristics

Advantages:

The 6522 all-wheel drive dump truck, based on the 6520, has a good body volume for its load capacity. Copes well with off-road conditions and work in low temperatures. The manufacturer's replacement of the electronic control of the fuel system with a mechanical one, in turn, simplified the maintenance and repair of the fuel system, made it easier to start the engine in the cold season, and reduced the requirements for fuel quality. The body is heated by exhaust gases, and the winter version of the car can be equipped with a heated double bottom.

Flaws:

Owners talk about the car’s very stiff suspension, which can be especially felt when fully loaded. One gets the impression that the car is not equipped with springs or shock absorbers at all. It feels like this Kamaz model seems to be the toughest. When the car accelerates above 80 km\v, strong vibration begins to be felt in the cabin. So that literally the teeth are tap dancing. The driver's footrests are too high, making it difficult to climb into the cabin. As always, Kamaz manufacturers did not think about convenience.

The engine power is not enough for such a carrying capacity - the machine takes a long time to accelerate, and when fully loaded it becomes heavy and clumsy. It is inconvenient to use the gear shift lever due to its incorrect location.

The method of fixing the adjustable steering column in the required position is inconvenient, and Belarusian-made bearings quickly crumble to dust.

In 2010, model 6522 was restyled, and as a result, the plant released its improved modification - 65222.

Restyled model KamAZ 65222 (6x6)

Main technical characteristics

Advantages:

All-terrain dump truck - this is facilitated by all-wheel drive and single-pitch tires with special lugs on the tires. The extended wheelbase allows the installation of a body volume of up to 16 cubic meters. Thanks to restyling, fuel consumption has been reduced by 10% and the service interval has been increased. Large wheels help cope with operation in sticky soils, but they raise the cabin to a decent height, making it difficult to access. You can order a cab with a berth, this will make it possible to “drive” the car over long distances.

Flaws:

This dump truck model is expensive. And although this modification is advertised as a car for working in low temperatures, reviews from owners indicate that the car’s electrical equipment cannot cope with severe frosts. They also talk about multiple manufacturing defects, for example, often the holes for the bolts on the frame do not match the diameter of the bolts themselves. The ABS, which works for no more than six months, receives a lot of criticism; the Webasto cabin air heater and the Russian-made transfer case very quickly fail. The turn signals do not work well, and the rear springs are “eaten up” within a few months. The footrests are located quite high. Every time you climb into the high cabin, it feels like you are conquering Everest. The soft, springy driver's seat has no lateral support, and while driving you constantly slide off it.

Price: as of November 2014, the price of a new Kamaz dump truck model 65222 reaches $95,000.

Kamaz model 6540 (8x4)

Main technical characteristics

Advantages:

Few owners of this model were found, so information is sparse. In their opinion, this model of the four-axle Kamaz dump truck is the “softest” when driving on the highway (but only on the highway). They also praise the standard cabin stove, which works properly. Two fuel tanks of 210 liters each provide the car with a large power reserve.

And, of course, the two most important advantages of the KAMAZ 6540 are its high load capacity and reduced axle load (axle load does not exceed 8 tons). Repairs are not difficult - almost all parts from other Kamaz models are suitable for this vehicle (except for imported clutch parts). The good news is the possibility of purchasing a car with a cabin equipped with a berth, a tachograph, spherical mirrors and an ergonomic driver's seat. However, these are additional manufacturer options and need to be discussed separately. A special feature of this dump truck is the ability to order airbrushing on the cab.

Flaws:

This model of dump truck, according to reviews from owners, has excellent maneuverability. It has a large turning radius and requires a wide access area to operate. This feature of the machine is noted by almost everyone, so for work in quarries and in loading areas with a small area, the 6540 dump truck behaves like a clumsy mammoth. Even on ordinary city roads, the car has to occupy several lanes in order to be able to turn around. The large load capacity of this dump truck in fact does not exceed the load capacity of the Kamaz 6520 model, meanwhile the prices for the vehicles are different. Even according to the standard, this dump truck should “eat” no less than 45 liters, but in reality, fuel consumption is almost 55 liters.

The weak point in this car is called the clutch: in this case it is imported, with one diaphragm release spring, and usually “flies” entirely along with the discs and basket.

Well, as always, there is no comfort in the driver’s cabin. Despite the fact that it is the 21st century, there is no air conditioning, which means that in the heat you will have to escape by blowing from the windows.

Price: as of November 2014, this Kamaz model costs approximately 60,000-65,000 US dollars.

Chassis and clutch

The car's transmission was equipped with a 5-speed manual transmission, and torque was transmitted through a diaphragm 2-disc clutch with a pneumatic booster and hydraulic control.

The design of the truck included the use of disc wheels shod with tube-type pneumatic tires (R20). The wheels were equipped with brakes with 40-centimeter drums and 140-mm linings.

The front suspension of the vehicle in question is assembled from a pair of semi-elliptical springs, compression buffers made of rubber, and a pair of telescopic hydraulic shock absorbers. The stern suspension is balanced with similar springs and reaction bars.

Body and electrical system

The box-shaped platform of the universal truck is characterized by an all-metal design. It has a slope towards the front side, and has sufficient volume to accommodate cargo (6.6 cubic meters).

To protect the space between the cab and the body, a special visor is provided. There is also a heating system for the underbody, which prevents the cargo from freezing and sticking.

The dump mechanism of a vehicle includes a number of elements, the main ones of which are:

• oil pump;
• drive and oil tank;
• 3-stage hydraulic cylinder;
• power take-off box.
• pneumatic drive.

The truck's 24-volt wiring system is simple and efficient. It is powered by two 6ST190 batteries and a 3-phase 800-watt generator.

How wide should the gate be made?

The optimal width of the gate is 3.2-3.4 meters to allow entry of freight vehicles and 2.4-2.6 meters to allow entry of passenger vehicles.

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Truck cost

It was previously mentioned that in 2012, serial production of KamAZ-55111 was discontinued. For this reason, purchasing a new truck comes with its own challenges.

The latest modifications of the car, which have low mileage and are in good technical condition, can be purchased on the secondary car market at a price of 1.7 million rubles.

KamAZ-55111 vehicles, the mileage of which is approaching 100 thousand km, are estimated at approximately 300-500 thousand rubles. However, such a purchase is fraught with great risk, since you can buy a car with components and assemblies that have undergone significant wear and/or poor-quality repairs.

Therefore, when purchasing equipment, you cannot rely only on the picture in the photo of KamAZ 55111. The best recommendation would be a complete pre-sale diagnostics of the machine in a specialized service center or contacting a specialist.

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Owner reviews

Reviews about KamAZ 55111 are 80% positive. Statistics tell us this. Let's see what the owners of the dump truck agree on:

1. It is now difficult to find a car of this class costing less than 2,000,000 rubles, which, without whims, “absorbed and digested” our diesel fuel.
2. The availability of spare parts, their availability and reasonable price play an important role in choosing a truck.
3. Due to the simplicity of the design, it is easy to repair.

Advantages

We note the following:

• maneuverability of the car in city conditions;
• good off-road performance;
• small turning radius of the car;
• possibility of protecting the body with a canopy;
• platform heating is also “+”;
• long service life;
• fair price-quality ratio;
• unpretentiousness of operation due to the use of diesel fuel.

Flaws

The main drawback is poor ergonomics. This machine is not mass-produced and has been discontinued. The KamAZ 55111 pneumatic system is not perfect. New dump trucks are more advanced technically. The volume of the KamAZ 55111 body is 6.6 cubic meters - this is not enough for efficient and profitable work.

Despite all the “Ugh”, the car compensates for its shortcomings with cost. It captivates with the opportunity to acquire and run an independent business, as they say, “on wheels.”