Technical characteristics: Truck tractor MAZ-642208 020

Car history

The appearance of MAZ-6422 cars in the world is foreshadowed by an abnormal number of modifications at the Minsk plant. The roots go back to the early 70s of the last century. The thread runs from the 5429 model through numerous changes and improvements to mediocre upgrades. The manufacturer’s desire to produce better and better products led to such results. The ancestors of this truck were the MAZ-5336; MAZ-6301 and MAZ-6302 were produced with two types of cabs, an extended one with a berth and a regular short one. In addition, they differed in the number of axes - there were two or three.

Yaroslavl engines with different power ranges also served as power units. The MAZ-515, a typical tractor, became the direct basis for the design, and it was on its basis that it was decided to develop a new modification. As a result, in 1978, the MAZ-6422 began to roll off the assembly line. The truck almost immediately received the nickname “SuperMAZ” and established itself as an excellent worker. The main goal was to transport goods, both intercity and international. It was for the purpose of long trips that a berth was added to the cabin.

Dimensions. Driver reviews

Structural changes • Make holes for fastening and fix the new mechanism.

Specifications

If you put all the tractor-trailer trucks produced in the USSR in a row, you can confidently allocate a place for the MAZ-6422 as the most advanced car. This was significantly influenced not only by the comfort properties, but also by the performance characteristics. This is proven by the fact that a thirty-year-old truck still copes well with modern tasks.

Engine

*the device serves both as a starting heater and as a means of heating the cabin.

Transmission - ZF 16S-151

*It is thanks to this type that an increased number of gearbox stages is formed.

Dimensions

Load capacity

The obvious advantages of this technique remain practical today and continue to be improved by users. There are now many fans of modernization and tuning, and they often get to the MAZ-6422.

Engine

The MAZ-6422 was equipped with various power plants. The most widely used diesel 4-stroke 8-cylinder carburetor unit of the YaMZ-238F model (manufacturer: Yaroslavl Motor Plant). The engine was mounted at the front and had a V-shaped cylinder arrangement and turbocharging.

Parameters of the YaMZ-238F engine:

• working volume – 14.68 l;
• rated power - 320 hp;
• maximum torque – 1120 Nm;
• rotation speed – 1500 rpm.

Since 1988, the Minsk Automobile Plant began cooperation with the German automaker MAN. Some brand models received foreign engines. MAZ-6422 was no exception. Some versions of the car were equipped with a powerful 360-horsepower engine, characterized by increased reliability.

Fuel consumption

MAZ-6422 is equipped with a fuel tank that can hold 350 liters of fuel. On average, a car consumes 45.5 liters of fuel per 100 km of travel.

Transmission, steering and brake control

The Yaroslavl gearbox, model YaMZ-238A, also works in conjunction with the YaMZ engine. It is four-speed, with a range-shifter (total number of gears: forward – eight, reverse – two). Synchronizers are available in all gears except reverse. Gear ratios: I-7.73; II-5.52; III-3.94; IV-2.80; V-1.96; Vl-1.39; VII 1.00; VIII-0.71; ZH-11.78; 2.99.

Cardan transmission - two cardan shafts. The main transmission of the drive axles is spaced apart, two-stage: a central bevel gearbox and planetary gears in the wheel hubs. The clutch on the car is of the YaMZ-238N brand - double-disc, with peripheral springs, a mechanical drive and a pneumatic (later - pneumohydraulic) amplifier.

The steering mechanism has a semi-integral design and consists of a screw and a ball nut-rack engaged with the gear sector of the weaving shaft; with built-in power steering distributor. Gear ratio - 23.55. Power steering - with a remote hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic play does not exceed six degrees. The weight of the steering gear is 29.5 kg.

The brake system of the tractor has drum mechanisms with a diameter of 125 mm. The width of the linings is 160 mm, the release is cam. The brake system contains a dual-circuit pneumatic drive. The brake chambers are also equipped with spring energy accumulators.

The truck's parking brake is also pneumatically actuated and combined with a spare brake. The auxiliary brake is equipped with a motor retarder equipped with pneumatic control. The semi-trailer brake drive of the MAZ-64229 tractor is combined. Thanks to a special fuse, the brake system is reliably protected from condensate freezing.

Suspension

The front suspension of the MAZ-64229 is mounted on semi-elliptical springs with sliding rear rings, anti-roll bars and shock absorbers. The rear suspension in the car is spring-balancer, with sliding spring ends and six reaction bars.

The wheels are discless, with an 8.5V-20 rim, fastened with six bolts with clamps. Tires 11.00R20 (300R508), model I-111A. The air pressure in the tires is: front – 7.5, bogie – 6.0 kgf/cm. sq. Number of wheels 10+1. There is no mounting location for the spare wheel on MAZ-64229 tractors; it is located on the semi-trailer.

Device

The MAZ-6422 cabin is significantly different from previous versions. The changes affected the radiator grille and the shape of the headlights. The appearance of the car was redone, the rounded shape, popular in the 60-70s, became a thing of the past. The modernization also affected the windshield. It has become panoramic instead of the classic split version with a middle pillar. The bulky impact bumper present in the previous version has been eliminated from the design. It was replaced by a new element, supplemented by the main headlight unit. An improved spoiler was installed on the roof of the truck.

old cabin

The interior of the cabin has also changed. For the first time, the steering wheel received a special horn for signaling. In all previous modifications produced during the Soviet period, it was made in the form of a special cord.

MAZ-6422 undoubtedly became the most technically advanced three-axle tractor of the Soviet period. In addition to a very advanced design for its time, the car was characterized by a quality that was very rare for products produced in the USSR - a comfortable cabin, distinguished by a comfortable driver's seat.

Some technical solutions that were used in the design of the MAZ-6422 were developed in the 1970s. However, their relevance continues to this day. Over the years of production (almost 30 years), the model has undergone facelift, modernization and restyling several times. The Minsk Automobile Plant continues to produce an updated modification of the truck at the present time. The popularity of the MAZ-6422 family was added by the presence of a large number of different modifications that are successfully used in domestic fleets.

The main distinguishing feature of the car was to be the front fenders, which received a rectangular shape. However, the decision worsened the dynamics, so the modified design did not enter mass production.

Quite quickly, the MAZ-6422 became a real dream for a truck driver. There were many reasons for this:

1. the steering wheel has become more comfortable and safer;
2. improved design of truck seats with spring suspension ensured maximum comfort;
3. a neat wardrobe did not interfere with the driver and allowed personal belongings to be placed;
4. the model’s bridges have become more durable due to the use of heat treatment;
5. two berths allowed drivers to rest while driving and created the most comfortable conditions;
6. An 8-speed gearbox, complemented by a range, made the car more maneuverable and controllable.

The MAZ-6422 featured small-leaf springs of variable cross-section, which made it possible to increase the smoothness of the ride and reduce the weight of the vehicle.
Even foreign partners appreciated the innovative solution. Canadian companies acquired the patent for the invention. Moreover, a plant soon appeared for the production of leaf springs, which were installed in Studebaker trucks. Another distinctive feature was the appearance of advanced electrical equipment for that period in the model:

• tachograph;
• speedometer;
• radios;
• pressure sensor in the brake circuit.

MAZ-6422 completely upended the traditional idea of ​​Soviet heavy-duty vehicles. Driving the car has become easier, and drivers have more complete rest.

Dimensions and weights

• Tractor length: 6,540 m; Width: 2.5 m; Height: 3,550 m.
• Wheelbase: 2.9 m + 1.4 m.
• Vehicle curb weight: 9,350 tons.
• Gross vehicle weight: 24 tons; Gross weight of the road train: 43 tons.
• Front axle load – 6 tons; The load on the rear axle (trolley) is 18 tons.
• The permissible total weight of the semi-trailer is 32.7 tons.
• Turning radius: on the outer wheel – 9.2 meters; overall – 10.1 meters.
• The maximum climbable grade of a road train is 18 percent.

Cabin exterior

The cabin of the current MAZ 6422 truck tractor differs from earlier versions. Changes affected the exterior of the car, grille and front lighting. The cabin looks monolithic. Gone are the smooth and protruding forms that were popular in the middle of the last century. The windshield of the tractor has been modernized. The classic, split glass version has been replaced by a safe panoramic view.

The previously ridiculous looking bumper was replaced with a design with modernized headlights. On the roof of the truck tractor there is now a spoller of an improved design.

Cabin interior

Restyle took place regularly in these models. The changes affected almost everything when compared with the early versions of “6422”. The modern tractor looks very decent. First of all, the shape of the cabin outside has noticeably changed; the streamlined shapes that were popular in the 60-70s have been abolished. The two-piece windshield, which was considered effective, has disappeared, replaced by a panoramic one, which significantly improves visibility. We look at the front and notice the absence of a huge bumper; its absence reduces safety, but adds to the presentability of the car. Instead, a bumper with smaller dimensions appeared, on which the headlight units are now located.

The roof is equipped with an improved spoiler, which helps reduce drag and reduce fuel consumption. As for the inside of the cabin, being there has become much more comfortable. There is now a horn on the steering wheel. All functionality is located within reach, and you don’t need to reach for them. In all previous models, the driver could honk using a special cord. A particular difference is the comfort of the cabin, since other trucks produced under the Soviet Union could not boast of anything similar. The highlight of all this was the special driver’s seat, which made it possible to comfortably drive a MAZ truck.

Currently, the MAZ-6422 is one of the priority tractors for long-distance travel. Many factors contribute to this. A comfortable steering wheel allows for comfortable maneuvering while sitting in a chair equipped with shock absorbers - this is what the modern driver needs to improve productivity. A convenient wardrobe is made in such a way that the things located there do not interfere even when the cabin is shaking. Thanks to two berths, drivers can rest either in turns while driving or on different berths when parked.

Cab Driver Reviews

• Change the engine oil periodically;
• Adjust the valve mechanism;
• Replacement of consumables: fine and coarse filters, air and fuel filters;
• Carry out timely cleaning of fuel injectors.

Modernization

• MAZ-6422 is the basic version, which received a diesel unit. The car was produced from 1981 to 1985;
• MAZ-64224 is a modification equipped with a more powerful 425-horsepower engine. Its production started in 1989;
• MAZ-64221 - a version with a higher-power YaMZ-8421 engine, production of which began in 1989;
• MAZ-642205-220 – modification with the YaMZ-238DE2 power plant, corresponding to the Euro-2 environmental class;
• MAZ-64226 - a model with a 360-horsepower foreign-made unit (German company MAN) and a 16-speed gearbox;
• MAZ-64227 is a modified version of the MAZ-6422 with an 8-cylinder YaMZ-238F diesel engine and a modified front end. The production of this model lasted from 1985 to 1988;
• MAZ-64229 is an improved version of the MAZ-64227 with an 8-cylinder YaMZ-238D engine. Production of the model started in 1987.

More on the topic

In order to exhaust all the potential built into the engine by the manufacturer, you must adhere to simple rules for maintaining the YaMZ-238. Modification of the MAZ Norma car, l 100 km 537, 537T 100.0 5429, 5430 23.0 5432 26.0 543202-2120 YaMZ-236NE-6V-11.15-230-5M 18.9 54321, 54326 25.0 54322 , 543221 27.0 54323, 54324 28.0 54323-032 YaMZ 238D 8V 14.86 330 8M 21.5 543240-2120 YaMZ 238DE 8V 14.86 317 8M 25.9 54329 YaMZ 23 8M2 8V 14.86 240 5M 22, 0 5433, 54331 23.0 5440 YaMZ 7511.

Advantages and disadvantages

For the Soviet consumer, the MAZ-6422 and its modifications were a big step not only towards greater productivity, but also towards increased workplace comfort. When thinking about this car, they first of all talk about this quality. The presence of a wide range of fillings only pleases, and the buyer can choose exactly what suits him best.

The introduced German engine from MAN increases the reliability of the machine, but at the same time, the cost of maintaining the equipment increases. Now the “6422” model has undergone many revisions, restyling and other changes. This proves that there is room to grow, and there are always downsides. In this model, negative indicators are shown by aerodynamics, which increases fuel consumption.

MAZ-6422 photo

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