KamAZ-5410 is a popular Soviet truck tractor. A similar machine was produced at a machine plant in the city of Kama from 1976 to 2006. The truck tractor is already a legendary car of domestic production. Serial production of the truck continued for almost 30 years.
The model received a cabover body and a 6x4 wheel arrangement. In this article you can find a description of the KamAZ 5410 technical characteristics, what is the fuel consumption of the KamAZ 5410. There will also be a diagram and characteristics of the KamAZ timber truck. The entire KamAZ model range.
Car history
The Kama Automobile Enterprise provided some versions of the car, among which was the classic one, for severe arctic frosts and for hot tropical climates. As a result, this made it possible to operate the machine in different regions of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and Russia.
The multifunctional design of car mounts and saddles has made it quite popular in various fields. This includes the rescue sector (to deliver specialists, special mixtures and water to the area of emergency), transportation (to move bulky cargo, dry cargo, gases and liquids) and agriculture (to transport fertilizers, soil and crops).
KamAZ-5410 is a fairly popular vehicle in various sectors of production and agriculture, and is also still used by many foreign countries.
With the help of its multifunctional device, the machine was able to earn a good name as one of the most efficient and unpretentious machines that are able to function in difficult circumstances with various loads. The 5410 model is well suited for medium and larger companies with large volumes of transportation.
The KamAZ 5410 itself with a semi-trailer leaves the impression of a reliable machine and a faithful partner, which can cope with difficult goals without much difficulty. The Russian Federation still actively uses this brand, however, it is also in demand in some foreign countries.
When the 20th century ended, the model had almost completely exhausted itself, as it was replaced by more advanced vehicles from the Kama Automobile Plant. For example, a successor to the KamAZ 65116 appeared, which already had a powerful power unit and improved characteristics.
Peculiarities
Although the KamAZ-5410 has a very unprepossessing design, it has technical characteristics unique for its time, thanks to which the vehicle can easily cope with large tonnage in trailers and semi-trailers, and at the same time does not lose control, speed and power. All this compensates for the problem with appearance. The specialists of the Kama Automobile Plant focused more on a car that was safe and resistant to various road and weather conditions, and they succeeded.
The Soviet tractor is significantly inferior to its modern counterparts in terms of smoothness when driving on uneven surfaces. However, it is worth noting that this vehicle was developed with the ability to work on any type of surface, including asphalt, soil and even off-road. Therefore, the dubious smoothness of the ride can hardly be called a disadvantage, since it is a certain design feature.
The engines have an impressive service life, which ensures increased reliability. The truck’s transmission is no less reliable, using high-quality and powerful parts with a high safety margin. But due to the lack of modern diagnostic systems, some faults are almost impossible to notice at the initial stages.
In addition to the basic version, the Kama Automobile Plant has developed several modified ones that are capable of operating both in northern regions, where temperatures drop very low, and in zones with a tropical climate.
All modifications use a cabover cab. The main feature of its design is excellent visibility from the workplace. Other features of the cabin include a large amount of free space, clear and readable instruments in any conditions, a spring-loaded driver's seat, an efficient heating system, and so on. Additionally, the KamAZ-5410 cab could be equipped with seat belts and other useful options.
Flaws
Most of the shortcomings of the KamAZ-5410 tractor are primarily related to its age. Serial production ceased in the 2000s, but machines produced in the 1980s continue to operate today.
But the service life of all units has almost been exhausted, and the metal has lost its original properties over the years. In this regard, equipment is very prone to various breakdowns and malfunctions, and some problems are incurable. For example, any tractor of those years has constant oil leaks from the engine, gearbox, and sometimes axles. The pneumatic system no longer maintains the required pressure for a long time, since the rubber seals have already become loose and leaky. Breakdowns in the steering mechanism are also often observed. If you take any truck, it will definitely have a lot of play in the steering wheel.
The problems presented are the result of time and harsh use. As for the factory shortcomings, they are as follows:
High fuel consumption. Compared to analogues that appeared later, the KamAZ-5410 actually consumes a lot of fuel. Depending on the degree of loading and weather conditions, the average consumption can reach up to 50 liters, and sometimes higher;
Outdated cabin. This applies not only to the appearance, which is made as simple and angular as possible, but also to the interior space. There is a strong sense of minimalism in the cabin. In addition, the cabin is very noisy, which causes fatigue during long-term operation. If the driver has a spring-loaded seat that smoothes out road irregularities, then the passengers' seats are fixed rigidly to the floor, which is why even the slightest shaking is felt by the whole body.
Appearance
The exterior of our model differs in its brevity and simplicity. Since the truck tractor was created in the USSR, during its design the greatest emphasis was placed on the technical component, but not on the beautiful and stylish appearance, although it cannot be said that the three-axle truck turned out to be terrible.
The cabin itself turned out to be cabover and has a strict rectangular shape. At the front, the tractor is equipped with round headlights, as well as a massive radiator grille, which bears the branding of the company that produces this model. The bumper was made of metal or plastic.
It is one of the most important parts of the passive safety system, which effectively absorbs the impact in emergency situations. The front glass was placed clearly in a vertical order, and also divided by a transverse molding to increase stability.
This also helped to more confidently withstand air flows at high speeds and headwinds. During bad weather, the car windows are cleaned by large, durable windshield wipers, which have specially equipped brushes.
The side-view mirrors have received different directional angles in order to reduce the degree of the dead zone and make it easier to control the overall component of the truck. There is even a timber truck that is not afraid of overloads and confidently copes with its work.
Modifications
To expand functionality and the ability to use the truck in different weather conditions, the manufacturer produced the vehicle in several versions:
- 54112 – for work in regions with high temperatures.
- 5410 can be used with a semi-trailer.
- 54114 HL - for performing tasks in regions with low temperatures.
- 54101 - equipped with hydraulic equipment for working with a semi-trailer, which, when loaded, is capable of moving weights weighing up to 13.5 tons.
- 54102 – used with onboard structure.
Cabin interior
When you get to the driver’s workplace, you understand that it was made in a restrained style with a minimum number of crowns, but with utmost practicality in order to perform its functions even better. The KamAZ 5410 vehicle comes in some cab variations - according to the number of seats (2 or 3 seats), as well as the installation of a berth.
It is not difficult to guess that when the equipment has a sleeping place, this makes it possible to operate the car more productively on long multi-day trips across the Russian Federation and the CIS countries. This implementation is very useful, because then two drivers can get a good night’s sleep without causing unnecessary harm to their well-being.
The berth was installed directly behind the chairs, and it includes a small compartment with a shelf for a couple of people. The interior is equipped with connected features, where there are three- or two-point seat belts, which are equipped with limiters, a heated driver’s seat and fog lights mounted on the front bumper.
What was very pleasing was that the cab turned out to be a cabover version, the power unit was located under the cab, which allowed the developers to more rationally use the free space in the cabin. The instrument panel has all the necessary sensors and control devices, which are located not so far away, which allows the driver not to be distracted from driving the car, and, at the same time, change parameters without leaving the driver’s seat.
Dashboard
The seat itself has become better adjustable in terms of distance from the steering wheel, and the column can change its height, which makes it possible to adjust an adequate control angle for each person. Despite the various tunings, the car was deprived of shock absorbers in the body, based on which it was decided to install the driver's seat on a specialized pneumatic spring to reduce vibrations and recoil.
Thanks to it, it is possible to gently absorb all the bumps on the road surface, while reducing shaking inside the cabin. But, as is usually the case for the domestic auto industry, such a function is not designed for passenger seats.
Cabin interior with berth and three seats
Almost everything inside the car clearly indicates that the 5410 is a working tool, in which nothing distracts from the performance of its direct duties. But it cannot be said that the interior did not receive a competent design and convenient distribution of instruments, which, albeit slightly, nevertheless increases the level of comfort.
Specifications
Power unit
The Kama-made car comes with a KamAZ-740.11-240 turbodiesel power unit, which was produced by Yaroslavl engine builders. It is a V-shaped 8-cylinder 10.85-liter engine and produces 240 horsepower at 2,200 crankshaft revolutions per minute. The diameter of the cylinders is 120 mm.
This engine consumes about 33 liters per 100 kilometers in average mode. Diesel fuel for the engine is taken from the fuel tank, the capacity of which is 250 liters. This engine meets Euro-1 environmental standards.
A well-chosen power unit and transmission make the KamAZ-5410 a universal truck tractor capable of not being afraid of overloads and confidently moving forward.
Transmission
The torque of the power unit is transmitted to the wheels through a mechanical 10-speed gearbox. Controlled by mechanical remote control. The clutch is a friction dry double-disc type, which has a hydraulic drive together with a pneumatic booster.
The diameter of the overlays is 350 millimeters. A large gear ratio provides a quick response from the technical side of the car, which is very necessary during overloads and difficult situations.
Suspension
Both in front and in the rear the car has a spring suspension, which even allows the car to be used as a timber truck, but that is where it is most overloaded and drives on bad roads.
Wheels and tires
Many people started tuning the KamAZ 5410, but initially it came with discless pneumatic wheels designed for 20 inches. The tires come with a tube and, due to their design features, are very resistant to hernias and bumps. They also behave confidently during punctures and penetrations, allowing you to drive a fairly long distance on flat tires.
The 6x4 wheelbase provides good handling, stability of a truck tractor, as well as excellent traction properties. The rubber is made of high quality and is wear-resistant and is not afraid of impacts. The truck will be able to pull heavy loads out of any ditch.
Brake system
It has a pneumatic drive.
The brakes on all wheels are of the drum type, where the drum diameter is 400 millimeters and the width of the brake pads is 140 millimeters. Braking is done well. Specifications
| Weight parameters and loads | |
| Chassis curb weight, kg | 6650 |
| – load on the front axle, kg | 3350 |
| – load on the rear bogie, kg | 3300 |
| Load on fifth wheel coupling, kg | 8025 |
| Gross vehicle weight, kg | 14900 |
| – load on the front axle, kg | 3940 |
| – load on the rear bogie, kg | 10960 |
| Gross weight of the road train, kg | 25750 |
| Engine | |
| Engine model | 740.11-240 |
| engine's type | diesel turbocharged |
| Rated power, gross, kW (hp) | 176(240) |
| – at crankshaft rotation speed, rpm | 2200 |
| Maximum torque, Nm (kgcm) | 833(85) |
| – at crankshaft rotation speed, rpm | 1200-1400 |
| Location and number of cylinders | V-shaped, 8 |
| Working volume, l | 10,85 |
| Cylinder diameter and piston stroke, mm | 120/120 |
| Compression ratio | 16 |
| Supply system | |
| Fuel tank capacity, l | 250 |
| Electrical equipment | |
| Voltage, V | 24 |
| Batteries, V/Ah | 2x12/190 |
| Generator, V/W | 28/800 |
| Clutch | |
| Clutch type | friction dry, double-disc |
| Drive unit | hydraulic with pneumatic booster |
| Diameter of pads, mm | 350 |
| Transmission | |
| Type | mechanical, ten-speed |
| Control | mechanical, remote |
| Brakes | |
| Drive unit | pneumatic |
| Dimensions: drum diameter, mm | 400 |
| Brake lining width, mm | 140 |
| Total area of brake linings, cm2 | 6300 |
| Wheels and tires | |
| Wheel type | diskless |
| Tire type | pneumatic, radial |
| Rim size | 7,0-20 (178-508) |
| Tire size | 9.00 R20 (260 R508) |
| Cabin | |
| Type | front, located above the engine, 3-seater |
| Execution | with sleeping place |
| Characteristics of the KamAZ 5410 vehicle with a total weight of 22200 kg | |
| Maximum speed, km/h | 90 |
| Maximum slope angle overcome by the chassis at full weight, degrees | 18 |
| External overall turning radius of the vehicle, m | 8,5 |
| Optional equipment | |
| - preheater | |
| – it is possible to install a fuel tank of 350 l | |
| - fog lights | |
| – high cab roof | |
| - seat belts | |
Engine
The KamAZ-5410 is equipped with a diesel 4-stroke 8-cylinder unit of the KamAZ-740.10 model with a V-shaped cylinder arrangement. The power plant is the pride of the Soviet automobile industry. The engine is equipped with a powerful turbocharger, allowing it to produce more power and provide excellent efficiency. This motor complies with Euro-1 environmental requirements.
Characteristics of the KamAZ-740.10 engine:
- working volume – 10.85 l;
- rated power – 154(210) kW (hp).
Price and options
Even though the 5410 has been out of production for over 10 years, you can find the car quite often on the automotive market. Therefore, you can purchase a used version. Cars from the 1990s will cost about 150,000 - 300,000 rubles. Models 1999-2000 - from 450,000 to 500,000 rubles. It is also possible to rent a tractor unit. The rental cost will be from 1,500 rubles per day.
In addition to the standard equipment, the machine comes in arctic and tropical versions, which are intended for operation in extreme conditions. Moreover, the KamAZ-5410 can be used in the rescue industry, for transporting mixtures, personnel, and also as a timber carrier and dump truck.
Many drivers prefer a little tuning to decorate their car. The model is perfect for any fleet of large and medium-sized companies that engage in mass production or transportation of large and heavy loads.
Advantages and disadvantages
Pros of the car
- There is no hood, which increases visibility from the cab;
- Good maneuverability;
- Load capacity;
- High ground clearance;
- The car is not difficult to operate and repair;
- There are no problems with purchasing parts and spare parts;
- Small turning radius;
- Able to work at low and high temperatures;
- Relatively low price of the car;
- The presence of many different modifications;
- Good power unit and gearbox;
- Comfortable driver's seat;
- Some models have a sleeping area.
Cons of the car
- High fuel consumption;
- Outdated cabin;
- Low level of comfort in the cabin;
- Lack of all-wheel drive;
- Free space is distributed irrationally;
- There is a tendency to break down.
Basic faults
The main malfunctions and methods for eliminating them on KAMAZ 5410 are shown in the table:
| Cause of malfunction | Remedy |
| The engine does not start | |
| Lack of fuel in the tank | Fill the fuel tank, bleed the fuel supply system |
| Presence of air in the fuel supply system | Bleed the system |
| Freezing of water that gets into the fuel pipes or onto the fuel tank intake screen | Carefully warm up the fuel filters, pipes and tank with a rag moistened with hot water or steam; do not use an open flame for heating |
| The engine does not develop the required power, runs unstable, increased smoke | |
| Clogged air filter element or air intake hood | Perform air purifier maintenance |
| Fuel thickening (during cold periods) | Replace fuel with the appropriate fuel for the season. Turn on the electric heating of the fuel, bleed the fuel supply system |
| Clogged fuel filter elements in FGOT, FTOT | Replace filter elements |
| Increased oil consumption | |
| Prolonged engine operation at idle speed | Do not operate the engine at idle speed unless necessary. |
| Oil leaks through leaks in the lubrication system | Check the condition of process plugs, plugs, tightness of fasteners at joints, condition of O-rings and gaskets |
| Air cleaner or air intake hood clogged | Service the air cleaner or clean the hood mesh |
| Reduced pressure in the lubrication system | |
| Oil pressure sensor malfunction | Check the serviceability of the oil pressure sensor |
| Oil pump intake clogged | Wash the intake |
| Low oil level in the oil sump | Check and, if necessary, add oil to about |
| Increased fluid temperature in the cooling system | |
| Radiator core contamination | Clean the radiator core from dirt |
Let's sum it up
The KamAZ-5410 truck tractor will remain for a long time not only in our memory, but also on the roads of the Russian Federation and many other countries. After all, this machine is not whimsical, can operate at low and high temperature conditions, and is also capable of performing those tasks, even if they are difficult, that not all trucks can cope with.
Only the car still has high fuel consumption per 100 km. It is clear that in terms of ergonomics and interior, the model is very outdated, but in those days the country needed a technically good truck, and not a comfortable car.
Although, many today do tuning with their own hands, and on the Internet you can find a whole catalog of how to do this. However, the fact remains that the KamAZ 5410 truck tractor is an indispensable truck tractor, which is not so expensive on the secondary market, but can become your faithful companion on any road, without fear of dirt and off-road conditions.
We advise you to read the article: KAMAZ - cars of the era
Chassis
The truck does not have a smooth ride, but since this is not a recreational vehicle, we can conclude that the chassis has a completely acceptable design. The following mechanisms are responsible for overcoming difficult surfaces and potholes:
- two front wheel springs;
- two longitudinal springs of the rear suspension with six reaction bars;
- vertical vibration shock absorbers powered by hydraulics;
- The rear and front axles of the truck are equipped with a discless wheelbase, “shod” with pneumatic tires.
Rear suspension device KamAZ 5410
KamAZ-5410 photo
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