UAZ Bukhanka: Dimensions and technical characteristics

UAZ "Bukhanka" - review and technical specifications

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The UAZ-452 model, popularly known as the “Loaf”, is a product of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant with a long history.
The start of production dates back to 1965. This is a vehicle in which you can transport cargo and passengers. It has a 4x4 wheelbase, which allows you to overcome harsh off-road areas. UAZ “Bukhanka” has a wide range of modifications: cargo van, cargo-passenger model, bus, special vehicles.

The van is designed quite simply, but despite this it is reliable and has good maneuverability. And thanks to its price and versatility, the “Loaf” should appeal to tuning enthusiasts and connoisseurs of “off-road” classics.

The car is equipped with a gasoline engine that meets the Euro-4 class. Its volume is 2.693 liters, power – 112 liters. s., torque – 198 N•m at 2500 rpm. The maximum speed of the van is 127 km/h. The engine is paired with a 5-speed manual transmission.

Depending on the modification, the dimensions of the UAZ “Loaf” have some differences.

UAZ “Bukhanka” Bus:

UAZ “Bukhanka” Combi:

The van can carry cargo weighing from 400 kg to 1 ton. The dimensions of the luggage compartment vary depending on the type of vehicle. Any modification is ready to cope with various tasks, be it transporting passengers or any materials. Hinged rear doors and a low loading height make loading and unloading easier.

One of the main disadvantages of the UAZ “Bukhanka” model is the complete absence of any safety systems. There are also no airbags. The only thing the van is equipped with is seat belts for the driver and passengers.

For drivers, comfortable seats have been designed with the ability to be adjusted longitudinally and even heated. The central panel is equipped with buttons for turning on the heating and emergency lights; there is also a niche for an audio system; 12V socket and glove compartment.

For those sitting in the rear of the cabin there is another heater with a fan, thanks to which the car maintains an even, optimal temperature.

By the way, UAZ onboard models have an updated steering wheel with various switches.

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Car design Loaf

The UAZ Bukhanka vehicle was created to transport heavy loads with a total weight of 800 kg. Thus, this is the GAZ-69 chassis. However, during the design and assembly of the vehicle, it turned out that it was too short and could not carry such loads.

UAZ-452.
Therefore, the developers decided to slightly modernize the body, resulting in two modifications of the UAZ-452. One is a box body and the other is a flatbed.

The designers decided to strengthen the car frame with transverse stiffeners. They were placed in the upper part, which led to the name Buchanka. This project was approved in the 1950s, after which mass production of the car began.

The number of seats and their arrangement in the cabin varies depending on the modification of the car and its purpose. A stationary staircase and a side door with a handle lead inside. The rear opening has a double hinged door and a folding step.

Car drawing

Modern loaves sizes UAZ loaf

The modern UAZ 2206 is a car with an all-metal body, a reliable frame structure and a drive that provides excellent performance characteristics. Another important advantage is the simplicity of the moccasins; they are very easy to control even in the field. The low price of a minibus cannot but satisfy lovers of Russian cars. We can say that thanks to a large number of advantages and qualities, the “Loaf” can be called the absolute leader among other Russian SUVs.

UAZ Bukhanka ground clearance

UAZ-452 is a Soviet-Russian utility vehicle with high off-road capabilities. Production of this car started in 1965. The model is still in production, despite its outdated design. However, the Ulyanovsk plant manages to maintain stable demand for the car thanks to numerous modifications that are produced on the basis of the UAZ-452.

Cars of model years 1965-1979 were distinguished by a more primitive design - both from a technical and external point of view. For example, the car was equipped with old-style lighting equipment - in this case we are talking about colorless turn signals, rounded rear lights, etc. In addition, let's pay attention to the more rounded rear corners of the body, a special niche for a car number (license plate) on the left side of the rear doors. Even from the first years of production, the car was already produced in various versions - the so-called “wagon” (body version) and “tadpole” (flatbed version). If desired, you can order a body with a double-leaf rear door, or a single-leaf door on both sides of the car. The vehicle has a 4x4 wheel arrangement, like the entire UAZ model range.

The UAZ-452 and its modifications are equipped with one of two engines. Thus, the basic version comes with a 98-horsepower ZMZ-402 2.4-liter engine. A more modern engine is the injection ZMZ-409 with a volume of 2.7 liters and a power of 112 horsepower.

The ground clearance of the UAZ-452 is 220 mm.

Description

UAZ-452 cars, produced between 1965 and 1979, were distinguished by the presence of old-style lighting equipment (colorless turn signals, round rear lights), stamping of the last side false window extending back to the rear doors, more rounded rear corners of the body, a special niche for a license plate on the left rear door. The car is produced in both body (wagon) and flatbed (tadpole) versions. The car body can be equipped with single-leaf side doors and a double-leaf door at the rear (the door configuration depends on the specific modification). The engine is a variant of the GAZ-21 engine. Wheel formula 4 × 4.

In 1997, the car received a new UMZ-4218 engine with a volume of 2.9 liters and a power of 98 hp. With. In 2008, this engine, together with Bosch, with which UAZ collaborated in the field of electronic fuel injection, was modernized; it became known as UMZ-4213 (2.9 l, 99 hp) and met Euro-3 standards.

In 2009, UAZ began equipping its vans with a factory-installed naturally aspirated 4-cylinder ZMZ-409 engine with a volume of 2690 cm³ and a DOHC gas distribution system producing 112 hp. With. at 4000 rpm.

In March 2011, models 3962/39625 (sanitary van) and 2206 (minibus) were modernized. ABS, power steering, seat belts according to the Euro-4 standard, a new safety steering wheel (on passenger versions), and an engine also according to the Euro-4 standard were added.

In 2016, a new modernization was carried out: all instruments were reduced to one speedometer dial with a display on it, where other information is displayed and moved to the center of the dashboard; a niche appeared for the audio system, front seats with integrated headrests and longitudinal adjustment, a front bumper with “fangs”, improved sound insulation of the engine compartment, cargo versions received a new safety steering wheel [1].

Owner reviews

• Boris, Moscow region. A compact minibus for transporting passengers - this is how I perceive my UAZ-452. This is my personal car, which was purchased specifically for work. Yes, it was possible to take something simpler and more lightweight, but I’m still a fan of off-roading and traveling through the wilderness. The UAZ-452 allows you to move over serious obstacles, despite the relatively low ground clearance of 210 mm. A big role is played by the front and rear parts of the body, which have practically no body overhangs. And the miniature bumpers can be easily removed if necessary, and the result is a full-fledged all-terrain vehicle with increased capacity.
• Leonid, Tomsk. I use the car every day. The device brings a lot of pleasure from driving, despite the mediocre handling and weak engine. In fact, the engine is more suitable for low speeds, just for off-road use. The engine pulls well uphill, despite the noise and vibration. I can imagine what the roar would be like in the cabin without the soundproofing protection of the hood. 115 horsepower and 210 mm of ground clearance are enough to overcome muddy ground or deep snowdrifts, or drive over a hill or 30 percent incline. I bought the Bukhanka specifically for this, since on the city highway only the shortcomings “pop out” of the car. On a long trip, hunting or fishing, I take with me a set of spare parts, fishing and hunting accessories, for which there is plenty of space in the cabin and in the trunk.
• Nail, Krasnodar region. I have a 1989 Loaf, purchased from a reseller, in good condition. This device interested me solely as an SUV. I still use it to this day – I go hunting and fishing. I like the car because you can load a bunch of things into it and take a small group of friends with you. There's enough room for everyone, as they say. The car is capable of overcoming any off-road conditions, although the comfort in the cabin is very mediocre. Passengers often complain that the car jumps on every hole or bump. Alas, the design of the 1960s has not yet been canceled. My Loaf often breaks, no matter what. But I have studied the design of the car well, and in fact there is nothing difficult in repairing it. When loaded, the ground clearance of 21 cm sags significantly, but the Bukhanka still remains an SUV.

Reviews from drivers and owners about UAZ-452 cars

Let's start with the machine's shortcomings, which are often noted by both experienced people and just outside observers. The first negative that immediately catches your eye is the lack of comfort in the cabin. In this regard, the leitmotif of most reviews of all drivers and owners about the car is as follows. In general, you need to understand that the UAZ-452 is a product of the domestic automobile industry, and it is far from a new product, but rather an antique. You just need to accept this fact and not try to treat the 452nd UAZ as a foreign car, and it is useless to compare it with foreign cars.

The UAZ-452 is a fairly simple, utilitarian car, in which there is not even a hint of comfort, but which will go where even the coolest and most modern SUVs will be powerless. The following significant disadvantages of this car are high fuel consumption and danger to the legs, and even the life of the driver in the event of a head-on collision.

In the Soviet Union, however, these problems were not of particular importance: there were no problems with cheap gasoline, and accidents were rare, due to the small number of cars on the roads and the lack of such high speeds as we have now.

Yes, many people note that the UAZ-452 is reliable and trouble-free only during the first years of its operation, then it will no longer be possible to be just a driver, and willy-nilly you will have to become familiar with all the technical features of the car’s design in practice. However, serious breakdowns are still rare, even on older UAZs. Problems arise mainly from small things.

The advantages of the UAZ-452 are also quite obvious. These are excellent maneuverability, extreme ease of operation and maintenance, unpretentiousness and maintainability. Most repair operations can be done quite easily in any garage, using available tools. Or even just - in a field or forest.

The UAZ-452 is praised not only for its cross-country ability. The driver of a compact UAZ, no larger than a passenger car, clearly feels its dimensions. Thanks to the short wheelbase, the turning radius is very small.

Another significant advantage of the car is its versatility. The interior of a passenger or cargo “loaf” provides truly enormous opportunities for transformation, alteration and tuning. Some owners are not limited to the standard folding table, quick-release (with a screwdriver) stools and a rear sofa. And they turn their UAZ into a real “home on wheels”, in which it is very pleasant to travel, go on picnics, hunt or fish.

There are also a lot of options for insulating a UAZ and making it excellent sound insulation. You can use any material you like. The secret of the long-term popularity of the “loaf” is also in the cheapness of this car, which is successfully combined with simplicity.

The UAZ “Bukhanka” is often subject to tuning due to the low cost of the base – the car itself. As a result of the inspired creativity of the owners, such new versions of the old nickname as “BooHammer” or “BooHunter” appear.

UAZ-3741 Loaf, 1st generation (1985) - technical characteristics

The technical characteristics of the UAZ-3741 Bukhanka vehicle are indicated according to the manufacturer. The table shows the main parameters: dimensions, engines, gearboxes, drive type, fuel consumption, dynamic characteristics, etc. Please check with official dealers for additional technical information.

Ground clearance (clearance) of a UAZ 3741 Bukhanka car is the minimum distance between the supporting surface and the lowest point of the car, for example, engine protection. Ground clearance may vary depending on the modification and configuration of the vehicle.

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Technical characteristics of UAZ 452 Bukhanka

Equipment and model range of UAZ 452

Performance characteristics of UAZ 452 Bukhanka cars

Fuel consumption per 100 km on the highway: 13.5 l Gas tank volume: 50 l Curb vehicle weight: 1975 kg Permissible gross weight: 3050 kg Load capacity: 1075 kg Maximum speed: 127 km/h

Engine characteristics

Position: front, longitudinal Engine capacity: 2445 cm3 Engine power: 72 hp Number of revolutions: 4000 Torque: 156/2500 N*m Power system: Carburetor Turbocharging: no Gas distribution mechanism: no Cylinder arrangement: In-line Number of cylinders: 4 Cylinder diameter: 92 mm Piston stroke: 92 mm Compression ratio: 6.7 Number of valves per cylinder : 2 Recommended fuel: AI-80

Brake system

Front brakes: Drum Rear brakes: Drum

Steering

Steering Type: Worm Gear Power Steering: No

Transmission

Drive: Fully pluggable Number of gears: manual transmission - 4

Suspension

Front suspension: Solid beam axle Rear suspension: Solid beam axle

Body

Body type: station wagon Number of doors: 5 Number of seats: 8 Vehicle length: 4820 mm Vehicle width: 2100 mm Vehicle height 2355 mm Wheelbase: 2550 mm Front track: 1453 mm Rear track: 1453 mm Ground clearance (clearance): 300 mm

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Standard wheel sizes for UAZ 2206 2.7i

The UAZ 2206 2.7i was produced from 2009 to 2022.

Check out our table of wheel sizes for the UAZ 2206 2.7i.

Standard wheel sizes for UAZ loaf

• LZ (number of holes)
• PCD (Bore Center Diameter)
• ET (disc bulge)
• DIA (hole diameter)

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Brand Model Modification

Year of manufacture of the car

diskDisk widthDisk diameterDisk widthSquare size

UAZ-452

• Car make: UAZ
• Country of origin: USSR

• Year of manufacture: 1965
• Body type: Minibus

For the first time, the UAZ 452 series car was designed by the designers of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant in 1965 as a modification of the UAZ 451. The all-wheel drive version was equipped with a new GAZ-21 engine and a four-speed gearbox.

In the new model range with a 4x4 wheel arrangement, letter indices are used that determine the intended purpose of the vehicle:

Letter indices

UAZ(u) 452 in a metal case was labeled “loaf” due to its external resemblance to a loaf of bread. This series has found a surprisingly wide range of applications for the transport of goods, people and as special vehicles.

The next modernization, which took place in 1985, ended with a change in indexing and the end of the history of the 452 series.

Modifications

UAZ-452 and its modifications

• UAZ-452
  - van, main modification.
• UAZ-452A
  is an ambulance. The car could accommodate up to 4 stretchers or eight on benches and one accompanying person in both cases. In total there are up to 11 seats. The ambulance did not provide comfort when moving, the suspension remained with the standard model, but was the only ambulance capable of reaching the most remote places. [2]
• UAZ-452AS
  is a northern version of an ambulance.
• UAZ-452AE
  is a chassis for installing various equipment.
• UAZ-452V
  is a ten-seater minibus with a carriage layout.
• UAZ-452D
  is a truck with a double cab and a wooden body.
• UAZ-452G
  is an ambulance, differs from UAZ-452A in capacity.
• UAZ-452K
  - experimental 16-seater three-axle bus, (6 × 4) (1973).
• UAZ-452P
  is a truck tractor.
• Kubanets - U1A
  , which has external differences in the body (in particular, a characteristic diagonal stiffener, a narrower side door immediately behind the right door of the cabin, instead of rear hinged doors - a blank rear wall of the body with one trapezoidal window in it, sometimes with a luggage hatch in the bottom parts) and produced at the Krasnodar Mechanical Plant from 1966 to 1985 in several modifications. [3]

UAZ-3741 and its modifications

In 1985, modernization was carried out, and UAZ modifications received new indices:

In the period after 1989, the production of bank armored cars for collection services began on the chassis of UAZ minibuses. Cash-in-transit armored cars were produced in relatively small batches, in various versions [4]

• UAZ-3303
  is an all-wheel drive truck. The cabin is all-metal, double, with two side single-leaf doors and a removable engine hood cover. The car has a metal platform.
• UAZ-3741
  is an integrated all-metal van. UAZ-3741 (37419) is a four-wheel drive cargo van with three single-leaf side doors and a double-leaf tailgate.

• UAZ-2206
  is an all-wheel drive minibus (from 8 to 11 seats in the cabin). Frame construction, all-metal body.

From April 1, 2011, the car is equipped with power steering and an anti-lock braking system.

• UAZ-3962
  - ambulance vehicle.
• UAZ-3909 “Farmer”
  is a carriage-type model. A cargo-passenger all-wheel drive vehicle with 3 side single-leaf doors and a double-leaf tailgate.
• UAZ-39094 “Farmer”
  is an all-wheel drive truck. Produced since 1997. [5] The cabin is all-metal, five-seater, with three side single-leaf doors and a removable engine hood cover. The car has a metal cargo platform with a removable awning.
• UAZ-3909i
  is a military ambulance.
• DISA-1912 “Zaslon”
  is a special armored vehicle for transporting valuables [6] (DISA LLC).

Exterior

The body design does not shine with the beauty of the design solution, but is subordinated to the principle of functionality. Streamlining based on speed indicators, high ground clearance (0.3 m), reducing the likelihood of damage to lower components and parts when driving over bumps and holes.

The width of the windshield and side windows provides sufficient panoramic visibility while driving. Since the mid-70s, larger mirrors and new lighting equipment have been installed on doors.

The sidelights have an orange section. The taillights took on a rectangular shape, which was also reflected in the shape of the rear body panels. Turn signal indicators appeared behind the front doors, on the left and right sides.

Door hinges are external and contain grease fittings. The front facing has a U-shaped cutout, above which is the UAZ emblem in the shape of a seagull. There is a towing hook installed under the bumper. In the side niche there is a neck for filling the tank with gasoline.

Body tuning

Changes in the appearance of the car begin with repainting the body. Repainting must take into account the original color. Painting it in camouflage color will not cause any difficulties.

To do this, you need masking tape and two aerosol cans of paint of the specified color. To prepare the body for painting you need :

1. Dismantle the mounted body elements and carry out anti-corrosion treatment;
2. Cover the glass with film or paper;
3. Apply tape in accordance with the future paint contours.

First, paint is applied to indicate light spots, then dark ones. Then you can proceed to the installation of power-hungry elements: reinforced bumpers, a protective pipe arch, which is welded to the front bumper or made removable, a trunk and a winch. It is better to install the winch so that the traction force is at least five tons.

UAZ Bukhanka tuning

The final stage is the installation of additional lighting equipment. For example: halogen shockproof headlights are installed on the front bumper, work and high beam chandeliers are installed on the trunk.

Any changes that the design does not provide for require approval from the traffic inspectorate to eliminate possible problems.

“Foreign” tires on a UAZ

Only Mud Terrain class tires can give unlimited confidence to the owner of an SUV.

These tires were originally developed to overcome the most difficult off-road areas, although it is not prohibited to drive them on regular roads. Efficiency in a variety of off-road conditions, enough traction to overcome mud and fords, prevent flooding, durability and performance at any air pressure - that's what avid hunters, fishermen and off-road enthusiasts love about Mud Terrain tires.

Rubber for mud use

Among the requirements for choosing tires for use on bad roads are the following:

• well developed lower part;
• weight not exceeding the weight of the vehicle;
• permissible width no more than 250 mm;
• reasonable price;
• tire sidewalls resistant to external influences.

Some models can be considered modern only according to certain indicators. Thus, the Ya-192 model has good trousers. Among the balanced specimens the following can be distinguished:

1. "I-502". It has many advantages: low noise level, good handling on any road and low rolling resistance in good road conditions. This model has decent resistance to mechanical damage.
2. "I-506". It is characterized by good resistance to longitudinal displacement and excellent directional stability. It has a low noise level and, in addition, allows you to screw in spikes for the winter. The only drawback is that the wheel is somewhat stiff.
3. "I-520". Another worthy representative of tires on UAZ. This tubeless model allows the car to grip the road with confidence and move in a variety of conditions. The noise of the tires does not exceed the noise of the transmission. This tire has good self-cleaning properties, which is very important for off-road tires. You can easily select snow chains for this model.
4. A relatively new model is “Ya471”. The tire provides a smooth ride, as if swallowing small irregularities. Provides good directional stability and low noise levels. The tire performs well not only on dirty roads, but also on sand. Among the criticisms of this model is the difficult balancing.
5. An excellent tire for bad roads is the Y192 type tire. This is one of the best tires for gravel driving. However, this model is a little noisy on asphalt and does not have a smooth ride.
6. "I409". This UAZ tire is suitable for use at any time of the year. This model copes well off-road, but also feels good on snowy roads. On clear ice the performance is a little worse, but the car can be handled while driving.
7. The Ya358 model is primarily intended for installation on the front drive axle. This double-ply tire is not very fast. However, it works great on rough roads, except in boggy areas where it is capable of self-cutting.

Pressure indicators

Maintaining tire pressure levels not only affects tire tread wear, but also the performance of the entire vehicle. An important note is that tire pressure settings should be checked when the tires are cold. After a short run, the monitored parameter may deviate from the norm by 2-3 tenths.

The recommended pressure for off-road tires on the front wheels is 1.7 atmospheres for tires with the index (Yaroslavl) and 1.9 for other manufacturers. For the rear tires, the tire pressure is set similarly - 2.2 for Yaroslavl tires and 2.4 - 2.5 for tires from other manufacturers.

• Optimal tire size for UAZ
• Choosing the optimal mud tires for UAZ
• Manufacturing of low pressure tires for UAZ
• Off-road tires: UAZ tires

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Interior

You probably shouldn’t look for evidence of the comfort of this car’s interior. The car showroom is dominated by metal and leatherette. Inside the cabin, the protruding part of the engine reduces available space. The dashboard records the minimum necessary current technical information.

Salon of UAZ-452

A stove air intake is built into it. A heating stove is installed under the panel, and warm air enters the cabin through an opening door. Insufficient heating in cold weather and lack of interior cooling in hot seasons, poor sound insulation are a consequence of design asceticism and the desire to reduce costs.

Interior tuning

The happy owner of this model realizes how inconvenient the “loaf” car showroom is compared to similar foreign options. But if we do not forget that in the production of this car comfort is of secondary importance, then, with effort, resources and creativity, it is quite possible to create comfort in the cabin.

• You can and should start by replacing the standard seats with modern soft chairs;
• The next step in tuning a car dealership is to isolate external noise, internal rattling of cabin elements and improve the quality of interior decoration;
• Floors, door cavities and the back wall can be laid with vibration insulation, covered with sound insulation, and the joints can be sealed with sealant;
• Then make the inner lining.

Tuned interior of the UAZ-452
Today, leather trim is popular. Often, additional elements are added to the interior in the form of glove compartments, modern lighting, shelves and ashtrays. It is better to replace the steering wheel with a comfortable and ergonomic one from a foreign car in a soft case, without forgetting about its reliable fastening.

Tuning the UAZ-452 interior

The installation of electric windows, audio equipment and modernization of stove heating adds pleasant notes to vehicle tuning. So, the ease of use of the “loaf” created by the owner will undoubtedly add mental comfort.

Specifications

Briefly commenting on the tabular information, we conclude the following: the “loaf” has two drive axles, the UAZ “loaf” gearbox is of a mechanical type and, together with the transmission, is a monoblock. Activation is carried out using a demultiplier.

Engine UAZ-452

The engine is a modernized GAZ-21 engine installed inside the cabin. This allows you to make minor repairs without leaving the cab. Good load capacity and cross-country ability retain the title of “SUV” and “all-terrain vehicle”.

Specifications

Safety

When creating the UAZ, the concept of driver safety was considered a secondary task. The main task was to realize the intended purpose. That is, meeting the requirements of the defense field.

According to some experts, this car has a 30 percent chance of surviving a frontal collision.

UAZ Bukhanka front view

Although, crash tests carried out for the first time in 1971 did not confirm this figure. The design does not provide seat belts, but the good news is that in the UAZ “loaf” line, it has decent strength characteristics.

It is also impossible to deny the fact that traffic safety largely depends on the qualities and experience of the driver himself.

Let's sum it up

This vehicle is a good workhorse for everyday tasks. If desired and financially possible, it can be successfully modernized technically and externally. In this case, the “loaf” becomes a delight for lovers of hunting, fishing and travel, allowing you to get to hard-to-reach places.

UAZ-452 front view

The absence of scarce spare parts, fairly simple repairs and maintenance are the key to maintaining the machine in reliable condition.