Universal tractor MTZ 82 technical characteristics, reviews, video review and price

In the post-war period, agriculture was in dire need of tractors of various types. Many factories, including the Minsk Tractor Plant, were entrusted with the production of this equipment. And already in 1948, this plant began production of wheeled tractors with the MTZ identification, but almost immediately the tractors of this plant received the name “Belorus”.

Description and purpose

MTZ-82 is suitable for the following agricultural work: hilling, cultivating, harrowing, plowing, loosening, mowing, as well as other earth-moving operations, including sowing and harvesting grain and vegetable crops. In the municipal sector, the machine is in demand, for example, when digging up or replacing sewer pipes, and in the urban sector, the tractor is actively used to clear areas of debris or snowdrifts. The equipment supports a large number of attachments and is capable of performing transport and road installation work.

Full technical specifications

Developer – Minsk Tractor Plant
Operating weight – 4000 kg
Permissible weight (total) – 6500 kg
Wheelbase – 2450 mm
Tractor dimensions, mm: Length – 3930, Width – 1970, Height – 2800
Front wheel track dimensions – 1430-19990 mm
Rear wheel track dimensions – 1400-2100 mm
Ground clearance – 465 mm
Front tire sizes – 11.2-20
Rear tire sizes – 15.5R38
Ground pressure – 140 kPa
Fuel tank capacity – 130 liters
Transport speed – 34 km/h
Load capacity – 3200 kg
Engine – diesel, MMZ, D-243, four-stroke, naturally aspirated, four-cylinder
Engine displacement – 4.7 liters
Revolutions per minute – 2200 rpm
Power – 82 horsepower
Torque – 298 N/m
Torque reserve – 15%
Generator power – 1150 kW
On-board power supply voltage – 12 V
Power take-off – independent, with modes 500-1000 rpm
Hydraulic system - with gear pump with a capacity of 45 liters per minute
Wheel arrangement – all-wheel drive (4x4)
Possibility of installing dual wheels - yes.

Engine

For the first modifications of the Belarus 82, the diesel unit D 240 (Minsk Motor Plant) was considered. However, its power was not enough for all-wheel drive versions, so a more productive D 243 engine with improved characteristics was chosen.

The 4-stroke naturally aspirated in-line unit had a liquid cooling system, a combined lubrication system and direct fuel injection. Starting was carried out using a starter; in winter, problems arose with this process. To facilitate starting at sub-zero temperatures, a pre-heater was offered. New glow plugs were again developed for the engine, which made starting easier in cold weather.

The D 243 was characterized by low oil consumption (it was necessary to use only the recommended type of oil, monitor its level and regularly change the oil filter). Lack of oil or late replacement could lead to operational problems. The maintenance frequency was 250 hours, the volume of oil replaced was 12 liters.

again, the D 243 needed regular valve adjustments (every 480 operating hours). The simple design made it possible to perform the operation with your own hands.

Characteristics of the D 243 motor:

working volume – 4.75 l;
rated power - 59.6 (81) kW (hp);
rated speed – 2200 rpm;
maximum torque – 258 Nm;
torque reserve factor – 15%;
number of cylinders – 4;
cylinder diameter – 110 mm;
basic fuel consumption – 220 g/kW per hour;
Fuel tank capacity – 130 l.

Features of the device and operation

MTZ-82 is a multi-purpose tractor from Minsk developers, corresponding to traction category 1.4. The machine has compact dimensions, a short wheelbase and a small turning radius. Of course, the compactness simplified the operation of the machine in hard-to-reach and cramped conditions. The vehicle is equipped with a four-cylinder diesel engine D-240. Later versions featured the D-240 engine. The power plant received a semi-separate combustion chamber and a pre-heater, designed for uninterrupted engine starting in the winter season. In addition, the electric starter also contributes to confident and reliable operation of the engine.

Transmission

The transmission of the MTZ-82 tractor is represented by a dual-range gearbox, which has nine speeds that operate clearly and almost silently, while ensuring smooth operation. In addition, the box has optimized gear ratios, which allows you to unleash the full potential of the engine. Clutch – dry single-plate, with friction clutch. The power take-off shaft has two preset modes with speeds of 500 and 1000 rpm. The hydraulic system is of a separate unit type, with a hydraulic drive by an NSh-32 pump, a power cylinder, a hydraulic accumulator, a distributor, as well as a rear linkage system. The capacity of the hydraulic pump exceeds 40 liters per minute, and the lifting capacity of the main attachment reaches 3 tons or more. The machine can be equipped with a wide-cut implement.

Cabin and comfort

The cabin of the MTZ-82 tractor is all-metal, with a rigid frame, which is an element of operator protection in the event of a rollover. The cabin is well sound and heat insulated so that drafts and external noise do not penetrate into the cabin. This made it possible to adapt the tractor to harsh conditions. We also note the presence of its own heating and ventilation system, which, like all other electrical equipment, runs on a 12-volt power supply. The cabin is equipped with a single torsion bar seat with height adjustment, a standard first aid kit, a thermos and ergonomic controls. The front panel contains built-in gauges, indicators and instrumentation showing oil pressure, engine temperature, current fuel consumption, load level and implement position, as well as many other parameters. The gas, brake and clutch levers are located under the steering column. The gearbox is installed next to the driver's seat. As you can see, the controls are located at hand, and you don’t have to reach for them.

Maintenance of the MTZ 82 tractor

When operating the MTZ-82 tractor, you must follow certain factory maintenance regulations in order to keep the machine in working condition. Thus, the manufacturer recommends three-stage maintenance at certain intervals. For example, the first maintenance is carried out after 60 working hours, the second - after 240 hours, and the third - after 960 working hours from the moment of the second maintenance. In addition, it is necessary to carry out seasonal maintenance in a special service designed to service vehicles operating in difficult climatic regions - in deserts, mountains, as well as northern regions of Russia, etc. Practice shows that if all service activities are carried out on time, In this case, the user will be much less likely to encounter unscheduled breakdowns, including the need to replace parts and assemblies, flush the cooling system, adjust systems, change consumables, etc.

There are many modifications of the MTZ-82 tractor on the market, which can be equipped with a variety of attachments. The most popular attachments are presented to your attention:

Loader
Ladle
Pitchfork
Blade
Rake
Stacker.

Next, we will consider the most popular modifications based on the MTZ-82 tractor:

An excavator is one of the most common variants of the MTZ-82 tractor. The machine performs the function of a loader, and depending on the equipment, it corresponds to traction categories 1-4. An excavator based on MTZ-82 will perform loading and transportation tasks related to the transportation of bulk and agricultural materials. The equipment is capable of operating at temperatures from minus 40 to plus 40 degrees.
Kun is a popular type of attachment used in the MTZ-82 tractor. This tool is a universal mounted hay hauler that performs the functions of a front-end hydraulic loader. Among the capabilities of the haft truck, we highlight the lifting and lowering of heavy and large loads. In particular, the kun is suitable for transporting and storing hay and forest land, as well as transporting bulk cargo.

Tractor MTZ-82

The need for wheeled tractors increased, and the requirements for them also increased, so the equipment of this plant was constantly improved, the power of power plants increased, the transmission was redesigned, and the functionality of the tractors increased.

The result of all this was the consciousness of the tractor under the marking MTZ-80/82. The first production models of this tractor rolled off the assembly line in 1974. Already at that time, the MTZ-80/82 could be aggregated with more than 230 machines and agricultural implements, which ensured its use in many areas.

The model of this tractor was so successful that it was one of the most popular tractors of the 1.4 traction class in the USSR. The reliability of the design and wide range of applications ensured this tractor a “long life”, because MTZ-80 and 82 tractors are still in use today.

The MTZ-82 label actually hides two types of tractors: MTZ-82 and MTZ-82L. The general design of these tractors is identical, the difference is in some features. Thus, MTZ-82 had an electric starter, and 82L had a start using a gasoline starting engine. The difference between the MTZ-80 and MTZ-82 tractors was the front axle. In the 80 model, the axle was a conventional beam with steered wheels, and the MTZ-82 was equipped with a driven front axle with torque transmitted from the transmission through a transfer case.

Photo of tractor Belarus MTZ-82

Advantages and disadvantages

The basis for the creation of this MTZ-82 was its predecessor, the MTZ-52, but many changes were made to the design, which gave the MTZ-82 many advantages:

Large range of working gears (18 forward, 4 reverse), due to the installation of a reduction gearbox in the gearbox;
Installation of a speed reducer, which made it possible to increase the speed range of the tractor (min. Speed – 1.3 km/h);
Refinement of the power take-off shaft (PTO) design ensured its dual-mode speed range;
The hydraulic hitch system began to be equipped with a hydraulic adhesion weight increaser, as well as two regulators - power and position. This made it possible to increase the load capacity of the system to 2 tons.
As for the power plant, it only increased the crankshaft frequency (up to 2200 rpm);
The driving front axle was retained, which provided the tractor with improved cross-country ability.

If we take into account that it belongs to the traction class, then this tractor is considered one of the best in it. In most cases, problems with this tractor arise only from normal wear and tear or from improper use. But the mass nature of its production ensures even now its high maintainability, since there are no scarce spare parts for it. All this ensures the high popularity of this tractor, and it is believed that it is practically free of disadvantages.

Photo

Reviews

Alexey, Ryazan. Belarus MTZ 82 is the best tractor in the world in terms of ease of maintenance and cost of ownership. In addition, it is already very productive, designed to perform a wide range of tasks. This includes hilling, cultivation, harrowing, processing of hard virgin soil, and many other tasks. The machine has also proven itself well when loading cargo and towing heavy trailers, in utility work, etc. Not a bad tractor. The main thing is to always have a tool nearby, as frequent breakdowns occur. But if you know the structure of the tractor well, then there shouldn’t be a headache.
Leonid, Pyatigorsk. MTZ 82 is a popular domestic tractor suitable for agriculture, transport and industrial work. The machine supports a wide range of attachments and is characterized by good maintainability and durability. Operating the tractor is easy and convenient - thanks to ergonomic controls and instruments that are at hand. Load capacity over 2-3 tons is excellent for this traction category. The machine is capable of transporting cargo over short distances, plowing and loosening the soil, and taking an active part in planting and harvesting crops. All this is possible thanks to the support of various options. The disadvantages include a weak and noisy motor that quickly overheats. He needs to take breaks more often so that the engine does not get heatstroke. The gearbox works with delays, but our workers have already gotten used to it. The main thing is that the machine works and does not bother you with breakdowns during operation, although the MTZ 82 can be repaired in the field.
Nikolay, Stavropol region. A good productive tractor that my father worked on. I learned a lot on this car. The machine turned out to be very easy to learn and operate. All controls are located conveniently, and you don’t have to reach for them. The tractor is undemanding in terms of fuel quality and does not have any complex electronics. Of course, this only makes maintenance easier. All spare parts can be found on the secondary market, as well as the necessary attachments. In terms of ease of maintenance, the MTZ 82 model was much better than the more modern John Deere and New Holland machines that I now work on.

Modifications

Under the name Belarus 82, 2 large series of tractors were produced: Belarus 82 and Belarus 82L. Their design was identical with the difference in the type of launch. Belarus 82 was equipped with an electric starter, Belarus 82L – with a starting device based on a gasoline engine. The family differed from the Belarus 80 by a modernized front axle with power transmission via a transfer case.

On the basis of Belarus 82, many highly specialized modifications were created to perform specific tasks. The following versions have become the most popular:

Belarus 82 – basic multifunctional row-crop tractor;
Belarus 82.1 – a model of a similar design with an enlarged operator’s cabin;
Belarus 82.1-23/12 – modification with all-wheel drive, large operator’s cabin and enlarged front wheels;
Belarus 82N - a model for use on slopes with a seat deviating from the longitudinal axis;
Belarus 82P – version intended for rice harvesting;
Belarus 82K is a specialized modification for working on slopes with a 20-degree slope. Additional hydraulic cylinders have been introduced into the tractor linkage system to stabilize the aggregated devices;
Belarus 82T is a model for planting and harvesting vegetable and melon crops with increased agrotechnical clearance.

Features of the Belarus 82 family:

wide range of operating speeds;
increased load capacity;
significant cross-country ability;
reliability. Breakdowns and problems usually arise due to improper use or as a result of natural wear and tear;
significant maintainability. There is simply no shortage of spare parts for the tractor, and the simple design allows repairs to be carried out in a short time.