Motoblocks Sadko. Overview of the model range, characteristics, attachments, application and operation

GAZ-33081 is a diesel version of the popular domestic car GAZ-3308 “Sadko”, a long-time leader in the class of medium-tonnage all-wheel drive trucks on the market in Russia and the former Soviet republics. The design of the cabin and body of the GAZ-33081 is practically no different from both the main model of the Sadko family and the basic platform of the GAZ-3307. Its main feature is a diesel, rather than gasoline, engine. In fact, the GAZ-33081 became the direct heir to the legendary off-road military truck GAZ-66.

Car history

The success of the model is associated with the simplest and most banal action.
The new car was made into a hybrid version, which combined the appearance, chassis and control of the GAZ-3309 with the contents of the GAZ-66, popular at that time. As a result, a fairly modern car, for those years, began to acquire an off-road appearance. The hybrid modification was deservedly appreciated, initially, due to its amazing cross-country ability, which is combined with an acceptable level of comfort. After the year of production, the SUV did not receive any distinctive changes. The 66th gave Sadko an all-wheel drive system, which had a unique self-locking wheel system, as well as a ground clearance of more than 300 millimeters, and a unique wheel inflation function.

The latter was developed specifically by order of the Ministry of Defense of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The pumping method was compressor, and they were of powerful types that provided the required level of pressure, despite several bullet hits. And from the GAZ-3309 Sadko got a new spacious hooded cabin, along with an extended chassis.

They tried to start work on the machine, which a little later received the name 3308, since the late 1980s of the twentieth century. The point was that the already well-known 66th model had been produced at that time for about 30 years, and, despite all its advantages, it was quite outdated. However, there were also many complaints against it, especially among the military.

For example, the presence of a cabover layout, which is much more dangerous for the driver and passengers during a mine explosion under the front wheel of the truck. Also, the maintainability of a car with a cab over the power unit is much more difficult than with a separate hood, since access to the engine becomes difficult.

Therefore, paramilitary units began to purchase significantly less trucks, so the Gorky Automobile Plant began to focus more on civilian needs. The design itself was complicated by the fact that the poor and turbulent nineties took place on the street. At one point the company almost went bankrupt, but stayed afloat.

In 1995, the Gorky Automobile Plant demonstrated its debut version of the prototype of this model, which had the index GAZ-3309P. A couple of years later, production of a brand new off-road vehicle began, although, to tell the truth, the production was small-scale. The designation was put in order, which allowed it to meet the standard, and the truck also acquired the name Sadko, which was later adopted by the people.

The car looks, first of all, powerful due to its impressive ground clearance. The massive demand for a car is achieved, initially, thanks to the Russian army, the army of the Countries of Independent States, and the Ministry of Emergency Situations. GAZ-Sadko is also a popular vehicle among power line electricians, in geological exploration and the mining industries.

And the main advantage of an off-road vehicle is that it can drive where another car would simply get stuck. And this can be attributed to the northern regions and remote hard-to-reach regions of Siberia. You can also find other models of this type of car, such as GAZ Sadko NEXT.

Electrical diagram

The electrical circuit for the Sadko walk-behind tractor is no different from that used on any other walk-behind tractor Don, Huter, Profi, Plowman, Champion, Carver, Husqvarna. The components of the electrical equipment of the Sadko walk-behind tractors currently produced are:

• ignition coil
• engine stop button
• oil level sensor and its relay

The ignition coil is located in close proximity to the engine flywheel.

Electrical diagram

When a magnetic mark located on it at a certain point passes past the coil core, a voltage pulse is excited in it, the amplitude of which is proportional to the rotation speed of the crankshaft and inversely proportional to the gap between the coil core and the flywheel.

In order to be able to turn off the engine, the ignition coil has a special terminal, when closed to the housing, spark formation stops. This pin is connected to the muffling button located on the steering wheel and the oil level sensor.

This sensor consists of a float with a magnet placed inside it and a reed switch, the contact of which closes the magnet to ground when the float is lowered to the lower position (at a low oil level), which causes the relay to operate and turn off the motor.

The simplicity of the electrical circuit makes troubleshooting easy:

• if there is no spark, it is enough to disconnect the wires from the ignition coil one by one, coming from the muffling button and the oil level sensor relay, to determine where the problem is,
• in one of these nodes or the coil has failed (being disconnected from all jamming devices, it should start producing a spark or be recognized as faulty).

Car modifications

Modifications

Review of attachments for Sadko walk-behind tractors

Even the younger models in the line of Sadko walk-behind tractors, when combined with additional accessories, are distinguished by fairly high functionality. Loosening, cultivation, weeding, plowing, hilling, planting and digging up potatoes, transporting loads up to 250 kg. – the entire range of agrotechnical work can be done with walk-behind tractors and cultivators.

Heavy diesel machines, the PRO series, are characterized by advanced capabilities, which can mow the grass, restore order in the area, and clear the area of ​​snow.

Standard plow with Oka hitch Motoblock plow RM-1 (hiller)

Harrow

Potato planter K-1L

Potato digger

Rotary mower

Types of additional attachments for Sadko walk-behind tractors:

tillers, hiller plows, harrows, potato planter, potato digger, snow blower, mower, rakes, wheels, metal lugs, adapter with seat, mini-cart, various hitches and weights.

Trolley TM-500

Adapter AD-1

Grousers Crawler attachment Milling cutter Crow's feet

Weights

Device and design features

The GAZ model 3308 can be equipped with a diesel or gasoline engine:

The modular versions of the truck produced in recent years are equipped with diesel power plants. Gasoline engine Sadko 8-cylinder carburetor type. As practice shows, its power is not always enough when climbing hills, while diesel engines have higher technical characteristics. However, in the absence of overloads, this engine copes with its tasks perfectly. Diesel engine GAZ 3308 YaMZ 53442 4-stroke in-line, with compression ignition and direct injection. The closed-type liquid cooling system provides forced air circulation.

The GAZ Sadko model is equipped with a dry friction clutch with a single disc and a hydraulic drive. In the case of gasoline modifications of Sadko, peripheral pressure springs are used in the clutch, in diesel cars - diaphragm springs.

The GAZ 3308 manual transmission provides for full synchronization of all speeds except first and reverse. The overdrive is activated by a lever located in the cab. The dual-circuit service braking system uses a pneumatic hydraulic drive; the axles are braked separately.

The GAZ 3308 cabin is an all-metal double structure with two doors. A car with a standard cab may have a metal or wood-metal platform. When using an awning, arches are installed in the body, and removable grilles can be installed.

The car chassis allows the installation of more than a hundred different modules. In particular, buses used in hunting farms, the gas and oil industry, trucks with tanks, as well as medical and fire-fighting versions of the GAZ 3308 used in emergency response are in great demand.

Diesel problems

Let's leave the topic of owners, shareholders, holdings, marketing and finance today. It’s just that now the production program of the GAZ plant from Nizhny Novgorod includes an all-wheel drive truck model GAZ-33088 “Sadko” with a new modern diesel engine model YaMZ-534 from the ancient Russian city of Yaroslavl. It was this version of the long-lived medium-tonnage conveyor vehicle, which received the index 33088, that I was invited to test at the factory test site in the vicinity of Nizhny. Of course, I happily agreed.

At the beginning of their careers, few of the road transport workers of my generation thought that foreign rolling stock would dominate modern road transportation. And it is all the more interesting to return to the roots again, to get acquainted again with cars that have survived the harsh conditions of the Russian market, have been produced for many years, but are still in demand today.

Attempts to equip off-road medium-duty trucks with a compact and economical diesel engine from GAZ OJSC have been made more than once. However, until recently, the only workable option remained the notorious obsolete Minsk D-245 engine, which had many complaints. The Yaroslavl motor offered today was created not under license, but from scratch, in collaboration with the Austrian engineering company AVL. The characteristics of power, toxicity and torque (134 hp at 2300 min-1; 417 N∙m in the range of 1200–2100 min-1) are quite at the modern level, the increase in price of the base car compared to the Minsk power plant is no more than 50,000 rub. Very tempting, but how efficient is it?

Specifications

Power unit

For a truck with an all-wheel drive system, they provided a four-cylinder Belarusian diesel engine MMZ D-245.7 with an in-line arrangement of cylinders, which has a total displacement of 4.75 liters.

The engine is equipped with liquid cooling, direct fuel injection and a turbocharging system with intermediate cooling of the charge air. This power unit fully meets all Euro-4 environmental standards. It is capable of producing 122.4 horsepower.

Starting in the winter of 2013 (February), manufacturers began to offer the power unit together with the Yaroslavl Motor Plant. It is represented by YaMZ-53442, which also meets Euro-4 environmental standards.

It also has an in-line four-cylinder arrangement with direct fuel injection and a turbocharging system, where there is intermediate cooling of the charge air. Its volume is slightly smaller - 4.43 liters, but it already produces 134.5 horses.

Transmission

MMZ D-245.7 is paired with a 5-speed manual gearbox, allowing the truck to accelerate to 93 kilometers per hour, while consuming about 16.8 liters per 100 kilometers. The YaMZ-53442 power unit comes with a 5-speed synchronized manual gearbox, where there is constant gear meshing.

A single-plate dry clutch can also be seen. To overcome difficult areas, a 2-speed transfer case was provided, which can reduce the speed ratio from the power unit to the gearbox without loss of power.

Also in the car you can find the presence of a cross-axle differential with increased friction, which was borrowed from the 66th model. It is precisely thanks to synchronization with the gearbox that high off-road performance is ensured.

For example, Sadko can overcome a climb, the slope of which will be up to 31 degrees along the horizon. It would not be superfluous to mention here the 315 mm ground clearance for the base model and 335 mm for the military versions.

Suspension

The vehicle was built on a two-axle frame platform with dependent leaf spring suspension at the front and rear, as well as longitudinal semi-elliptical springs, which are complemented by double-acting hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers on all wheels.

Brake system

It is presented here as a dual-circuit type and is equipped with an ABS system. There is also a hydraulic drive, a hydraulic vacuum booster and a vacuum receiver on each circuit. All wheels of the car received drum brakes. There was also a parking brake, which is transmission and has a mechanical drive.

Steering

It is represented by the “screw – ball nut” system.
The steering is complemented by a hydraulic booster, which helps to steer the truck off-road without exerting much effort. Specifications

Features of use

Run-in

In order for the walk-behind tractor to work for many years without disturbing its owner with breakdowns, it is necessary to carry out a break-in before the first use.

The whole procedure will not take much time, but its benefits are invaluable, since at this time all parts of the engine are running in.

Main stages of running in:

1. Start the engine according to the instructions. Leave it to run at low speed for approximately 20 minutes, then perform a gas release. Gas adjustment is carried out by pressing the gas lever to maximum speed for 20 seconds. Thus, alternate actions within 4 hours. Do not leave the engine idling for more than 20 minutes. You should definitely gas it.
2. For the next 4 hours, you can operate the walk-behind tractor with minimal load, for example, by connecting the wheels and moving it. It is prohibited to connect attachments or transport loads at the second stage.
3. After 8 hours of running-in, it is necessary to change the oil and you can operate it at full capacity.

Maintenance

The manufacturer recommends using SAE 30CC/CD oil for all walk-behind tractors. If the engine is gasoline, then fuel with an octane rating of 92 or higher is used.

For normal operation of the unit, regular maintenance should be carried out, following the schedule given in the instructions. Maintenance carried out before and after each shift consists of the following rules:

1. Check for any extraneous sounds in the engine or other parts of the walk-behind tractor.
2. Inspect the walk-behind tractor for oil or fuel leaks.
3. Check the oil levels in the gasoline engine and gearbox.
4. Clean the walk-behind tractor from adhering weeds and lumps of dirt.

User manual

For more detailed information about the operating instructions, please follow the link—>

Conservation

Preservation of the Sadko walk-behind tractor in case of non-use for a long time:

• drain fuel.
• Clean cars from dirt and adhering grass.
• Remove the spark plug and add 15 ml of engine oil, then install the spark plug in place.
• Wipe all unpainted surfaces with a cloth soaked in oil to prevent corrosion.
• cover the walk-behind tractor from dust.
• store in a dry and ventilated area.

Trouble-shooting

If all the measures taken did not affect the operation of the walk-behind tractor, you should contact the service center for support.

About the history of the model

Work on creating a car that was supposed to replace the GAZ-53/GAZ-52 began back in the late 70s. The first prototypes, under the factory designation GAZ-4301, were built in 1979. The second series of prototypes was completed in 1981. The car received a more spacious and modern, at that time, two-seater cabin, equipped with a more efficient ventilation and heating system.

There is an opinion that when creating it, GAZ design engineers were guided by the cabin of West German Magirus-Deutz trucks, a large batch of which was purchased by the Soviet Union for work on the BAM and other shock construction sites in Siberia and the Far East.

"Magirus-Deutz".

In parallel with the carburetor version, the creation of a diesel version of the new Gorky truck was underway. In December 1986, the company completed testing of the GAZ-ZZO7, and in 1989 this model was put into mass production. The main engine of the GAZ-3307 was the ZMZ-5231.10 engine.

The era of carburetor trucks was becoming a thing of the past, and they were gradually replaced by diesel “brothers” - first with a 6-cylinder air-cooled diesel engine GAZ-542 with a power of 125 hp, produced under a German license, and then with a turbodiesel from the Minsk Motor Plant D-245.7 .

The experimental GAZ-4301 is the prototype of the future GAZ-3307.

In 1996-1997, GAZ-ZZO7 trucks were not produced, then they returned to mass production at the plant, albeit in rather modest volumes. Serial production of the model with ZMZ gasoline engines was discontinued in 2009, but their small-scale production continued. We are talking about special versions certified for government agencies. In the free cargo transportation market, the GAZ-3307, of course, has not been competitive for a long time and has practically no chance of finding buyers.

Since the end of 2016, these few new GAZ-ZZO7 began to be equipped with modernized ZMZ-524400 V8 injection gasoline engines with a power of 137 hp. with hydraulic valve compensators in the timing belt, with distributed fuel injection (gasoline AI-92 and AI-95) and a catalytic converter (Euro-4). Unlike gasoline trucks of previous releases, the GAZ-3307 model of 2016 is equipped with a pneumohydraulic brake drive and ABS, as well as a plate-type (vane-type) power steering.

There are many car modifications

The Sadko is equipped with a two-seater metal cabin with two doors. About a hundred different modules have been developed for these machines. Particularly popular are buses for hunting farms, the gas and oil industries, vehicles with tank trucks, firefighting vehicles and medical vehicles for working in emergency conditions.

The platform of a truck with a regular cab can be made of metal or wood-metal. It is equipped with arches under the awning, and removable grilles can be installed on it. For communication with the cabin, the platform is equipped with an audible alarm.

The Gas 3308 “Eager” car is equipped with a five-seater cabin with the same simple device as the base car. The platform is short due to the length of the cabin. It is designed for transporting various goods. When used for military purposes or for shift workers, such a platform is used for mounting special technological equipment or residential modules. Load capacity of the shortened platform is 1000 kg.

The onboard version of a conventional platform for transporting passengers, in order to protect them on the road from injuries and accidents, is equipped with a safety belt installed above the tailgate. Seats for passengers are in-line, mounted along the side walls. Under the awning, a lampshade is installed on one of the arches to illuminate the platform.

The frame of the Gas 3308 and all modifications of this car is stamped and has front side member extensions. Disc wheels with single-pitch 12.00R tires and pneumatic air inflation.

The new GAZ 3308 Taiga-VIP, which appeared at the exhibition in 2014, has high cross-country ability compared to the previously released model with an extended base of the “Standard” configuration. The modified seven-seater cabin of the new car allows it to be used with modules for various purposes, equipped with additional tools in hunting farms, oil and gas production enterprises, taiga fishing and hunting trips.

The van of the new car is equipped with a ladder that allows you to climb to the roof, where a trunk can be additionally installed for transporting light but bulky cargo. They are loaded onto the roof using a beam crane. The vehicle is equipped with two winches, one from an old GAZ-66. On the GAZ 3308 "Taiga" a diesel generator is installed in a separate compartment, the van is wired for the operation of electrical appliances, lighting and sockets are installed, and there is a separate electrical circuit for the cab and the van. The living module is heated by an autonomous liquid heater, and there is a weapons cabinet in the sleeping compartment of the van.

A dump truck with the possibility of three-way unloading and loading is mounted on the GAZ 3308 base. The carrying capacity of such a vehicle is 4500 kg, the total vehicle weight is 8180 kg. For a dump truck with an electric lift, the vehicle was re-fitted with 8.25-R 20 tires, the wheel arrangement remained the same. The GAZ 3308 dump truck is equipped with a 122-horsepower four-cylinder diesel engine with fuel consumption of 22 l/100 km.

The engine pre-heater is an additional option and is installed upon customer request. The engines of the latest models comply with the Euro-4 environmental class and have a service life of 500 thousand km. Spare parts for the GAZ 3308 are always available for sale; the price of maintenance and repair of the vehicle allows it to be used by small and medium-sized businesses in various climatic conditions.

Cars of this GAZ model range can be purchased on the primary market in the range from 900,000 to 2,000,000 rubles.

GAZ-33081 prices on the Russian market

The cost of the new all-wheel drive truck GAZ-33081 from dealers of the Gorky Automobile Plant starts at one and a half million rubles (for the basic configuration - an onboard vehicle with an awning). There are few offers on the secondary market, and the price ranges from 400 thousand rubles to 1 million, depending on the technical condition of the car.

Shift bus GAZ-33081.

In general, it should be noted that the GAZ-33081 was simply doomed to success in our country, where thousands of square kilometers are occupied by off-road spaces and there is an urgent need to use the real all-terrain qualities of the equipment.

The diesel all-wheel drive "Sadko" became a good successor to the GAZ-66 truck, inheriting the best qualities of simplicity, unpretentiousness, cross-country ability of this vehicle and getting rid of its inherent disadvantages.

GAZ 3308 – car review

GAZ 3308 Sadko / GAZ 3308 Sadko

Off-road trucks GAZ 33081 “Sadko” and 33086 “Zemlyak” were first introduced in 1997. This unique car replaced the legendary Soviet SUV GAZ 66 (“Shishiga”), inheriting its excellent driving characteristics. In addition to its military purpose, “Sadko” has received well-deserved respect in agriculture, among geological enterprises operating in almost all corners of the planet under extremely difficult conditions (mountainous areas, sandy deserts, jungles). The bulk of the parts and components, in particular the cab, frame layout, and electrical equipment, were inherited from the GAZ 3308 from the base model 3309. In terms of cross-country ability, the Sadko has absolutely no analogues in Russia and is in many ways ahead of its Western competitors, which is why it is in very wide demand.

The GAZ 3308 has two turbocharged engines: YaMZ 5344 and MMZ D-245. The Yaroslavl plant engine, which meets Euro-4 standards, began to be installed on the Sadko in 2013 (modification 330880). Gearbox – synchronized “5-speed”. Together with the cross-axle differential, this arrangement of the transmission and chassis provides excellent traction and grip properties on serious off-road conditions, and large overhang angles will help overcome almost any terrain. At the same time, GAZ 3308 Sadko is able to cross an almost meter-long ford without any difficulties.

Vehicle specifications

The technical characteristics of the GAZ 3308 vehicle meet modern requirements. At the same time, the vehicle has not lost its cross-country ability and can be used in off-road conditions. Currently, the automobile plant produces cars using a modular production system, which allows the production of trucks and vehicles for cargo-passenger transportation based on the same GAZ 3308 chassis.

The vehicle is equipped with a 117-horsepower diesel engine from the Yaroslavl Motor and Minsk Motor Plants and a gasoline engine from the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant. Currently, cars with modular installations are often equipped with a gasoline engine.

The carburetor eight-cylinder gasoline engine with a V-shaped cylinder arrangement with a power of 122 l/s when loaded, according to the owners, does not always withstand the load when climbing uphill. But the diesel engine in the GAZ 3308 is weaker in performance than the gasoline engine. However, if you do not overload the car, it behaves perfectly when transporting goods. The machine is equipped with hydraulic power steering.

The truck is equipped with a balanced two-chamber carburetor with a falling flow; the working mixture is heated by a liquid heater. Adjustable air supply ensures the operation of a dry type air filter. Air circulation in a closed liquid cooling system is forced.

GAZ 3308 has a dry, single-plate friction clutch with a hydraulic drive and peripheral pressure springs for gasoline vehicles and a diaphragm spring for diesel engines. A fully synchronized (except for first and reverse gears) five-speed manual gearbox is installed on cars of all modifications. Overdrive is activated as needed by a separate lever in the driver's cabin. The transfer case with direct and low gears is mechanical, with drives to the front and rear axles. The brake system (working) with a pneumohydraulic drive is dual-circuit, with separate braking of the axles.

The automatic locking system is equipped with a modulator and a pneumatic booster; each channel contains a brake master cylinder. Both circuits of the working system are a spare brake system. The parking brake has a mechanical drive transmission.

The two-axle vehicle, with drive on both axles, when equipped with a diesel engine, has a total weight of 6300 kg. If a gasoline engine is installed, the weight of the truck is reduced to 5950 kg. The car has a lot of weight for a car in its class.

Weight, a special design solution of the suspension, help to quickly get out of places where there is no hard surface and dirt prevails. Which, however, does not prevent the GAZ 3308 in some cases from settling in this mud on the front and rear axles, since the vehicle’s ground clearance is only 315 mm. The length of the machine is 6250 mm, the external turning radius is 11 meters. The vehicle is capable of overcoming a slope of 310 and a ford of 1 meter and carrying up to 2 tons of cargo.

On road…

Before the assault on the virgin snow, “Sadko” and I decided to take a ride along a straight and deserted winter highway.

- My friend, even twenty years ago I remember your hood lifting up at speed, diagonal swing, yaw, transmission noise.

– Nothing, but the speeds are now switched on much better, especially low ones, without the characteristic “belching”; and the maximum and, mind you, artificially limited to 85 km/h is now not an example of correct adjustment of the ignition and power supply of the huge ZMZ, but just the usual capability of a compact four-cylinder “in-line” from Yaroslavl. And you can forget about strong vibration.

This is my dialogue with the “lawn” on the eve of an off-road start, and at the very end of winter, when the snow is hard and dense, the depth of cover is the maximum for the season, and skeptics always talk about utopia on the eve of their usual spring aggravation...