How to distinguish a new YaMZ engine from one that has undergone a major overhaul


Owner reviews and prices

  • YaMZ - from 250,000 rubles;
  • Renault - from 350,000 rubles;
  • Mercedes - from RUB 550,000;
  • MAN - from 250,000 rub.

Stanislav, 42 years old, Tver: “I worked at MAZ with a Chinese engine for about three years. I recommend not saving, but immediately buying a good and powerful motor, because... The Chinese one breaks down every 2 weeks. For example, you can buy a dump truck with a Cummins engine.”

Peter, 53 years old, Penza: “I installed a Tutaev engine on a MAZ-55102. The equipment works well, without failures, oil does not leak, fuel consumption is low. The unit weighs about 12,000 kg.”

Vasily, 35 years old, Ulyanovsk: “I worked at MAZ with a YaMZ engine for 4 years. The unit is unpretentious in maintenance, all spare parts are freely available on the market. During the entire period of operation there was only 1 breakdown - oil leaked in the gearbox.”

Grigory, 46 years old, Lipetsk: “Before buying, I recommend checking the labeling so as not to buy a Chinese fake. At YaMZ, the number is located in the upper part of the cylinder block housing.”

Maxim, 48 years old, Magnitogorsk: “I worked at MAZ with a Mercedes engine for 2 years. This is a powerful unit, but maintenance is expensive. Fuel and oil must be of high quality, otherwise breakdowns will immediately begin.”

How to distinguish a new YaMZ engine from one that has undergone a major overhaul

We guarantee the factory origin of the engines presented on the site!

The easiest way to distinguish a new factory YaMZ engine from a repair one (a YaMZ engine after a major overhaul) is by the block number.

In the engine block number (also known as the engine number), the first digit is the year of manufacture; in 2022 it looks like K0ХХХХХХ, in 2022 it looks like J0ХХХХХХ. There cannot be new engines with other numbers!

Previously released engines:

  • H0хххххх - engines manufactured in 2022
  • G0хххххх — engines produced in 2016
  • F0хххххх - engines produced in 2015
  • E0хххххх - engines produced in 2014
  • D0хххххх - engines produced in 2013
  • C0хххххх — engines produced in 2012
  • B0хххххх — engines produced in 2011
  • A0хххххх — engines produced in 2010
  • Fully digital numbering - engines produced before 2010

The block number on six and eight-cylinder engines is stamped on a special ebb. The ebb is located in the flywheel area, on the left under the intake manifold. On counterfeit engines, the ebb with the block number is often painted over or sanded down. A metal plate (nameplate) is attached to the camber of the cylinder block in the area of ​​the fan drive.

The ebb for the block number on twelve-cylinder engines is located in the flywheel area, on the right under the intake manifold. On counterfeit engines, the ebb with the block number is often painted over or sanded down. A metal plate (nameplate) is attached under the left intake manifold, opposite the ebb with the block number.

The block number is duplicated on the nameplate with the YaMZ engine marking (nameplate). An example is the YaMZ-650 engine (the plate is installed on the cylinder block on the left side in its middle part).

Information on the plate: 1. Trademark of JSC Avtodizel (YaMZ) Yaroslavl Motor Plant. 2. Mark of conformity with the national standard and code of the authority that issued the certificate. 3. Mark of compliance with the requirements of the Special Technical Regulations. 4. YaMZ engine model and its equipment. 5. The year when the YaMZ engine was produced, indicated by the last digit of the year of manufacture, where 9 is 2009. YaMZ engines of 2010 are designated by the letter A. 6. Serial number of the YaMZ engine.

The year of manufacture and engine number of the YaMZ 650 are duplicated on a plate attached to the block on the right side in its middle part.

The designation of the electronic control unit on the YaMZ engine and its number are indicated on a plate attached to the control unit housing.

The model of the high pressure fuel pump (HPFP) of the YaMZ engine and its number are indicated on the plate attached to the fuel pump housing.

The designation of the turbocharger and its serial number are indicated on a plate attached to the compressor housing of the YaMZ engine.

Particular attention should be paid to the issue of factory origin if you are purchasing an engine for agricultural purposes - these engines are not subject to registration with the State Traffic Inspectorate and their unscrupulous suppliers most often pass off repair ones as new ones.

What engines are equipped with MAZs?

The engine structure includes the following elements:

  • camshaft;
  • valve cover;
  • release type valve;
  • exhaust port;
  • head of a cylindrical element;
  • MAZ engine cooling system and coolant cavity;
  • power unit block;
  • sump;
  • spark plug;
  • inlet type valve;
  • inlet;
  • piston part;
  • connecting rod bearing;
  • crankshaft;
  • piston rings;
  • mounting nuts and bolts.

Depending on the modification of the vehicle, the following engines are installed:

Each motor has different technical characteristics.

The YaMZ-238 engine is produced by the Yaroslavl Automobile Plant.

Technical indicators of this model:

Renault engine technical parameters:

Mercedes

Technical parameters of MAZ with a Mercedes engine:

Parameters and indicators of vehicles with a MAN engine:

Reliability, problems and repair of YaMZ-238

The YaMZ-238 series was put into production in 1962 and replaced the YaAZ-206.
This engine has a V-shaped 8-cylinder cast iron block, with a camber angle of 90°, with cast iron wet liners and with the cylinder rows offset relative to each other by 35 mm. Inside the block, a forged crankshaft with a piston stroke of 140 mm and a main journal diameter of 110 mm and a connecting rod journal diameter of 88 mm is installed on 5 supports; the connecting rods themselves are steel, and their length is 265 mm. For these engines, cast aluminum pistons with a diameter of 130 mm and a height of 100 mm were used, with a piston pin diameter of 50 mm. The cylinder block is covered with two cast iron heads with 8 valves each. The diameter of the intake valves is 61 mm, the exhaust valves are 48 mm, the stem diameter is 12 mm. A gear drive of the camshaft is used here, and the camshaft itself is located in the cylinder block and, through pushers, steel rods and steel rocker arms, actuates the valves. Camshaft characteristics: phase 246/266, lift 13.5 mm. Valve adjustment on YaMZ-238 (turbo and atmospheric) is carried out after every 500 hours of operation (if necessary). Valve clearances for both intake and exhaust are 0.25-0.3 mm. The adjustment order is 1–5–4–2–6–3–7–8, the same as the order of operation of the cylinders (both turbocharged and naturally aspirated). These engines use direct fuel injection with fuel injection pump 80-30 (on YaMZ-238M2) or with other pumps (modifications are described in detail below). Nozzle pressure 261 - 230 kgf/cm2; nozzles 267 - 270 kgf/cm 2. The oil pressure on a warm engine should be within 4-7 kgf/cm2 (this applies to both turbo and atmospheric).

In addition to atmospheric variants, turbocharged ones were also produced, the list of which knows no bounds. The main differences between them are listed below.

This motor had a related series YaMZ-236.

The production of 238 continues to this day, but they are being replaced by more environmentally friendly YaMZ-7511 and YaMZ-658.

Modifications of YaMZ 238 and their differences

1. YaMZ-238AK - an analogue of the YaMZ-238M2 under Euro-0 standards, which was intended for Don, Kuban, Khersonets, Slavutich and Palesse FS60 combines. Power 235 hp at 2000 rpm, torque 932 Nm at 1300-1500 rpm. The service life of the motor before overhaul is 8000 hours. 2. YaMZ-238AM2 - version of YaMZ-238M2 with a power of 225 hp. at 2100 rpm, torque 825 Nm at 1250-1450 rpm. The environmental class is Euro-0, and its resource is 8000 hours. It is installed on the MoAZ-6014 and 6442. 3. YaMZ-238B - a turbocharged engine based on the YaMZ 238M2, which uses a TKR 100 turbocharger. A modified camshaft with the following characteristics is installed here: phase 240/266, injectors 261-13, another crankshaft, its own pistons , pump 807-40. The motor complies with Euro-0 standard. You can meet him at VPR-02, VPRS-02 and 03; MAZ-5336 and 5432; MoAZ-40484, 40489, 49011 and 7505; KrAZ 5444, 6130, 6503 and 6505; ADM-1.5, MPG-6, EO-5225, Ural 5323 and 5423; CHETRA T20, EK400 and REM25. Engine life is 450 thousand km. 4. YaMZ-238BV - analogue of 238BL, but with fuel injection pump 807-40. Installed on GT-TM, GT-TMS and MGSh521M1. Resource - 8000 hours. 5. YaMZ-238BE - the same YaMZ-238B, but with a built-in liquid-oil heat exchanger and modified cooling and lubrication systems. It uses a YAZDA 807-50 fuel injection pump, 261-13 injectors and a TKR 122 turbine. The boost pressure is 0.93 bar. Power 300 hp at 2000 rpm, torque 1180 Nm at 1200-1400 rpm. The engine meets Euro-1 requirements. 6. YaMZ-238BE2 - an engine with a different crankshaft and connecting rods, with liners protruding 1.6 mm above the block surface, with different pistons (height 85 mm), the diameter of the piston pin is increased to 52 mm. Also used here is a cylinder head with annular grooves, a YAZDA 173-20 injection pump, 267-01 injectors, a camshaft with a 233/272 phase, and another coarse fuel filter. Power remained the same, but torque increased to 1274 Nm at 1100-1300 rpm. This option meets Euro-2 standards. 7. YaMZ-238BK - motor for Polesie combines, which meets Euro-0 standards. It is equipped with a TKR-100 turbine and fuel injection pump 805-40. Versions 238BK-3 use two K27-49 turbines. The resource of such an engine is 8000 hours. 8. YaMZ-238BL - the same 238B, but with fuel injection pump 801-50, with a deep crankcase and a different fan drive. Power increased to 310 hp. at 2100 rpm, torque 1177 Nm at 1200-1400 rpm. Found on MT-LBu. 9. YaMZ-238BN - turbo engine for MoAZ 7529 with a TKR 100-16 turbine. Power 260 hp at 2000 rpm, torque 1080 Nm at 1200-1400 rpm. Resource - 8000 hours. 10. YaMZ-238VM - an analogue of the YaMZ-238M2 with a different oil pan. Intended for MT-LB. Serves 5000 hours before overhaul. 11. YaMZ-238GM2 - the same YaMZ238M2, but with a differently adjusted fuel pump (fuel injection pump 809-20). Power reduced to 180 hp. at 1700 rpm. Found on EO-412, 511, 512, 522 excavators and BM-2501 drilling equipment. Service life 5000 hours. 12. YaMZ-238D - the same as 238B, but with a YaMZ 202 gearbox and with an 806-40 injection pump. ICE resource - 450 thousand km. Suitable for ML-107, TG-301, MZKT-692378, MAZ-53363, 54323, 5552, 6303 and 64229; KrAZ-5133, 5444, 6130, 6322, 6351, 6443, 6505 and 7133. 13. YaMZ-238DE - the same YaMZ-238BE, but with a YAZDA 806-50 injection pump and a boost pressure of 1.08 bar. Power increased to 330 hp. at 2100 rpm, torque 1225 Nm at 1200-1400 rpm. The engine complies with the Euro 1 environmental class and is found on MAZ 5336, 5432, 5516, 5551, 6303, 6317, 6422, 6425 vehicles and Polesie combine harvesters. The declared resource is 800 thousand km. 14. YaMZ-238DE2 - the same 238BE2, but with a YAZDA 173-30 injection pump. Compared to 238DE, the power remained unchanged, torque reached 1274 Nm at 1100-1300 rpm. Here the environmental class has been increased to Euro 2, and the resource is 800 thousand km. Such an internal combustion engine is found on KrAZ 5133, 5444, 6130, 6133, 6305, 6322, 6443, 6446, 6503, 6505, 7133, 7140, as well as on MAZ-5336, 5432, 5516, 5551, 6303, 6317, 6422, 6425. 15. YaMZ-238DI - the same 238B, but with a K36-30 turbine and an 803-30 injection pump. 16. YaMZ-238DK - combine engine for Don 680M, similar to YaMZ-238BK, but power increased to 330 hp. at 2000 rpm, torque 1225 Nm at 1300-1500 rpm. 17. YaMZ-238IM2 - motor for diesel power plants AD-100 and DGU-100, its service life is 25,000 hours. 18. YaMZ-238KM2 - an analogue of the YaMZ-238M2, but adapted to work on MoAZ-1405, 740 and KhTZ 181 vehicles. Power 190 hp. at 2100 rpm, torque 687 Nm at 1250-1450 rpm. ICE resource - 8000 hours. 19. YaMZ-238L - multi-fuel engine for the KrAZ-260M. It is equipped with a TKR-11 turbine and an 801-11 pump. 20. YaMZ-238M2 is an engine that replaced YaMZ-238M in 1988, its environmental class is Euro 0. The motor is installed on the ChSDM DZ-240S, MoAZ-6442 and 6014. 21. YaMZ-238MS is an option for northern latitudes. 22. YaMZ-238N - turbo engine with fuel injection pump 804-21 and TKR 11, power 300 hp. at 2100 rpm, torque 1078 Nm at 1500 rpm. 23. YaMZ-238ND3 - a turbocharged engine based on the 238B, which does not have oil cooling of the pistons and a liquid-oil heat exchanger. A TKR 11 turbine and fuel injection pump 805-30 are installed here, and the engine meets Euro 0 requirements. The engine's service life is 8000 hours. Power 235 hp at 1700 rpm, torque 1108 Nm at 1100-1400 rpm. The engine is installed on K-700, 702, 703 and DZ-98V. 24. YaMZ-238ND4 - turbocharged engine with a liquid-oil heat exchanger based on the 238ND3. The fuel injection pump here is 805-40, and the environmental class is Euro 0. It is found on K-744, K-703, KS-101, KS-104, KS-110, T15.01, T-221 and Chetra-60. The engine life is 8000 hours, and its output is 250 hp. at 1900 rpm, torque 1108 Nm at 1100-1400 rpm. 25. YaMZ-238ND5 - turbo engine based on 238B-1. It was equipped with an 805-50 injection pump, its own generator, crankcase, crankshaft pulley and had a service life of 8000 hours. Engine power 300 hp. at 1900 rpm, torque 1280 Nm at 1100-1400 rpm. They installed it on the K-744R1. 26. YaMZ-238ND6 - turbo engine for Euro-1, developed on the basis of YaMZ-238DE. It differs from the parent engine in its generator, crankcase, flywheel, pump 805-60 and service life of 10,000 hours. Power 235 hp. at 1700 rpm, torque 1108 Nm at 1100-1400 rpm. The engine was installed on a K-740. 27. YaMZ-238ND7 - 250 hp version. at 1900 rpm, the torque is the same. The 805-70 pump is used here, and this internal combustion engine is installed on the Kirovets and T15.01 tractors, as well as on the TG-221. 28. YaMZ-238ND8 - model with pump 805-80 for 300 hp. at 1900 rpm, torque 1280 Nm at 1100-1400 rpm. This option is located on Kirovets and runs for 10,000 hours before major repairs. 29. YaMZ-238NP is a motor created on the basis of the 238ND2 and differs in the turbine pipe and generator. 30. YaMZ-238PM - turbo engine with a TKR9 turbine with a power of 280 hp. at 2100 rpm, torque 1029 Nm at 1500 rpm. Replaced by 238B. 31. YaMZ-238FM - the same 238PM, but with oil nozzles, power increased to 320 hp. at 2100 rpm, torque 1118 Nm at 1500 rpm. The motor was replaced with a 238D.

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