Motor oils and everything you need to know about motor oils

To service the gearbox in KAMAZ, they often use special transmission oil of the TAD-17i type. It is chosen by most truck owners - this is due to its low price and good technical characteristics. The only drawback is that it thickens in frosty weather.

To avoid this problem, it is better to choose 75W-90 oil for servicing the gearbox - it can work fully both in extreme heat (+35) and in severe frosts (-40). For temperate climate zones, where thermometer readings do not show below -25, 80W-90 lubricant is suitable.

For climatic zones in which the temperature rises to +45 degrees and does not exceed minus 12, use 85W-90 lubricant.

In order for the gearbox to always work properly, it is necessary to use transmission lubricant made only by the world's best companies. Of course, they are much more expensive than similar domestic products, but they improve the suspension mechanism and increase the replacement period.

Optimal oils for KAMAZ

The compositions 75/80W-90 are distinguished by their high quality, namely:

• Shell Spirax S6 AXME - universal synthesized motor oils.
• Castrol Syntrax Long Life - synthetic for trucks.
• Mobilube HD 80W-90 – equipped with an improved additive package.

Among the transmission ones, Motul Motylgear can be distinguished; among the synthetic ones, Esso Gear Oil GX 80W-90 stands out for its quality. However, when purchasing it, you should be very careful not to become the owner of a fake. Unfortunately, there are a lot of counterfeit products on the market.

How much oil to pour into a KAMAZ truck engine

For different car models, it is necessary to pour a certain amount of lubricant into the engine. This is due to the design features of power plants of models that differ from each other.

Oil in KAMAZ, what volume should I fill in the engine?
Below are the most popular modifications and instructions for liquid volumes. Model

How to fill oil into the gearbox?

To perform such an operation, you need to find special holes in the crankcase; there are three of them. They are designed to control the oil level and to fill it. The location of the filler hole is on top of the crankcase, while the control and drain holes are on the axle crankcase.

If the plug is removed from the hole and the oil does not flow, it is necessary to top up until it reaches the required level. The volume of lubricant filled is checked every 8 thousand mileage. If the truck is new, the check is done first after 1000 and then after 4000 km. When the car has passed 50,000 km, it needs to be completely replaced.

TRUCKS GAZ, ZIL, KAMAZ, URAL, MAZ, KRAZ

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Adjustments and maintenance of the rear axle KamAZ-4308

The rear drive axle of Kamaz-4308 trucks (Fig. 26 and 27) has a final drive with a gear ratio of 4.01. The cross-axle differentials of the Kamaz-4308 rear axle are conical with four satellites located in the wheel hubs, with a cross-axle differential lock, and automatic adjustment levers. The cross-axle differential is controlled pneumatically by a lever (tap) located on the instrument panel. It is possible to install an anti-lock braking system (ABS). Kamaz-4308 drive axles contain main gears fixed in the 9 axle housing using nuts and studs, of which four are equipped with conical expansion bushings 27. The axle housing is equipped with 13 spring supports, 29 wheel hubs connected to 2 brake discs and brake mechanisms 17, which are attached with bolts to the axle housing flange. The transmission of torque from the central main gear to the wheels is carried out using axle shafts 8 and 12 that are completely unloaded from axial load.

Rice. 26. Rear axle KamAZ-4308 1 — sensor bracket; 2 — brake disc; 3 - sensor; 4 - safety valve; 5 — main gear housing; 6 — nut securing the main gear housing; 8 — right axle shaft; 9 — rear axle housing; 11 — magnetic drain plug; 12 — left axle shaft; 13 — spring support; 16 — brake chamber type 20/24; 17 — brake mechanism; 18 — cuff; 19, 20 — tapered roller bearing; 21 — lock washer; 22 — folding washer; 23 — bearing nut; 24 — axle shaft mounting stud; 25 — spring washer; 26 - nut; 27 — expansion bushing for fastening the axle shaft; 28 — axle shaft gasket; 29 — rear wheel hub. The main gear of the rear axle KamAZ-4308 (Fig. 27) is single-stage, consists of a pair of bevel gears with spiral teeth, an inter-axle differential and a rear axle gear housing. The drive bevel gear 2 is mounted on two bevel bearings. Between the inner rings of the bearings there is an adjusting sleeve 23. One of the bearings is located in a cup 6, secured with bolts 58 to the housing 1 of the KamAZ-4308 rear axle gearbox. Between the end surfaces of the gearbox housing and the flange part of the cup, adjusting shims 9 are installed. The cavity of the cup is closed from the outside with a lid into which a double-edged cuff is pressed. A flange for fastening the cardan shaft is installed on the splined end of the drive bevel gear 2. The flange is tightened with a self-locking nut. Adjustment of the engagement in the bevel gear pair of the Kamaz-4308 rear axle gearbox is carried out using adjusting shims 9. The preload of the bevel bearings in the drive and driven gear units is carried out by selecting the linear dimensions of the adjusting bushings 16 and 23, and the bevel differential bearings - by adjusting nuts 24 and 48. Inter-wheel differential rear axle KamAZ-4308 (Fig. 27) - conical, symmetrical, lockable. The locking control is electro-pneumatic, carried out by a tap on the instrument panel. You can only engage the cross-axle differential locking mechanism on a slippery section of the road. Activate when the Kamaz-4308 vehicle is stopped or when driving slowly in a straight line directly in front of a slippery section of the road. The lock should be turned on and off with the clutch pedal depressed.

Rice. 27. Main gearbox of the Kamaz-4308 rear axle 1 — gearbox housing; 2 — drive shaft; 3 — differential assembly; 4 — driven gear; 5, 6 — cup of bearings; 7 - gasket; 8 - flange; 9 — adjusting gaskets; 10 - nut; 11, 20 — differential roller bearings; 12 — conical semi-axial wheel; 13 — satellite; 14 — bearing cup cover; 15 — support washer; 16, 23 — adjusting bushings; 18 - differential cup; 19 — cross; 21 — support washer; 47 - gear bracket; 24, 48 — bearing nuts; 49 — bearing nut stopper; 56 — tapered roller bearing; 58, 59, 61 - bolt. The differential of the rear axle of KamAZ-4308 is mounted on two tapered roller bearings 11 and 20, located in the housing 1 of the gearbox. The differential contains cups 3 and 18, inside of which there are two bevel axle gears 12, which are in mesh with four satellites 13. The satellites 13, with pressed bronze bushings, are installed on the spikes of the cross 19, which is rigidly fixed in the cups 3 and 18 of the differential. Support washers 21 are placed under the ends of the semi-axial gears 12 and satellites 13. The washers are installed with their recesses towards the semi-axial gears, and with their flat surface towards the cups. The cross-axle differential locking mechanism of the rear axle (Fig. 28) is designed to increase the cross-country ability of the KamAZ-4308 vehicle in off-road conditions and improve its traction on slippery roads by distributing torque between the axle shafts of the rear drive axle. The mechanism consists of gear couplings 4, a rod 9 with a fork 2, a membrane pneumatic chamber and a control valve. The cross-axle differential locking mechanism can only be engaged when the vehicle is stopped or moving slowly.

Rice. 28. Locking mechanism for the cross-axle differential of the rear axle KamAZ-4308 1 — rear axle housing; 2 — locking fork; 3 — cover of the locking mechanism housing; 4 — cross-axle differential locking clutch; 5 — locking mechanism housing; 6 — housing gasket; 7 — diaphragm of the locking mechanism; 8 — glass of the locking mechanism; 9 — rod of the locking mechanism; 10 — return spring; 11 — cup cover of the locking mechanism; 12 — pressure spring; 13 - bolt; 15 - low nut; 16 — expanding plug; 18 — adjusting gasket; 19 — sealing gasket; 20 — set screw; 21 — thrust ring; 22, 36 — plug KG 1″; 24 - switch; 44 - magnetic plug. The rear axle housing of KamAZ-4308 is welded from stamped steel beams. Welded to the crankcase beams are a crankcase cover, a flange for attaching the main gear, end flanges for attaching brake calipers, levers for attaching reaction rods and springs. The crankcase journal is welded to the beams using friction welding. The drive axle axle shafts are completely unloaded. Hubs 7 (Fig. 26) of the rear wheels of KamAZ-4308 are mounted on tapered roller bearings 19 and 20 and rest on the axle housing axle. The adjustment of the hub bearings is carried out using an adjusting nut 23, which is locked from turning using a lock washer 21 and a flap washer 22. Brake discs 2 and wheel rims are attached to the wheel hubs 29 with special wheel bolts and nuts. Bearings 19 and 20 of the hub are protected from dirt and dust by two cuffs 18. In the main gear housings of the Kamaz-4308 rear axle gearbox there are filler and drain holes 11 closed with plugs. To equalize the pressure inside the axle crankcase, a safety valve 4 is installed in the upper part of the crankcase. Maintenance of the KamAZ-4308 rear drive axle When maintaining the KamAZ-4308 rear drive axle, the following operations are performed: - check the condition of the wheel hub bearings by heating the hubs; — fasten nuts 6 (Fig. 26) securing the main gear housing to the axle housing; — check and bring the oil level in the drive axle housing to normal. — secure nut 10 (Fig. 27) of the drive axle drive gear shaft flange; — replace the oil in the crankcase of the KamAZ-4308 drive axle; — check the tightness of welded, flanged and threaded connections of the rear axle. Oil leakage is not allowed; — check the operation of the cross-axle differential locking mechanism. When the lock is turned on, the indicator on the instrument panel should light up; — check the condition of the Kamaz-4308 wheel hub bearings (with the hubs removed). There should be no visible holes or cracks on the rollers and bearing races. The rollers must not fall out of the cages; — in addition, in the fall, change the oil in the drive axle housing (after 50 thousand km, but at least once a year). The heating of the hubs is checked by hand. If the hand cannot stand it, heating of the hub is considered unacceptable and it is necessary to adjust and lubricate the hub bearings. To check the KamAZ-4308 rear axle for leaks, it is necessary to supply air through the threaded hole under the axle crankcase safety valve with an excess pressure in the crankcase of 19.6-24.5 kPa (0.20-0.25 kgf/cm2). Oil leakage through the cuffs, joints and welds on the axle housing is unacceptable (slight formation of oil stains on surfaces in the above areas, except for welds, without drop formation is not a rejection sign). To check the oil level, you need to unscrew the inspection hole plug on the rear axle final drive housing. If there is no oil leakage from the control hole, then it is necessary to add oil to its level through the filler hole. To change the oil in the main gear and crankcase of the KamAZ-4308 axle, it is necessary to drain the used oil when it is still warm from heating during operation. Drain the oil through the drain hole by unscrewing the control and filler plugs. The amount of oil to be added is in accordance with the chemical chart. After draining the oil, clean the magnetic drain, control and filler plugs from metal deposits and install them in place. Wash the safety valves of the drive axles with diesel fuel, followed by blowing them with compressed air. The oil level in the Kamaz-4308 rear axle gearbox must reach the lower edge of the inspection hole. Inspection should be carried out after the bridges have been at rest for at least one hour. To change the lubricant in the wheel hubs (with the hub removed), it is necessary to remove the old lubricant, wash the inner cavity of the hub, bearings, nuts and washers with kerosene. Place lubricant between the rollers and bearing cages evenly around the entire circumference and into the cavity of the hub between the bearing races. After replacing the lubricant, adjust the rear wheel hub bearings of KamAZ-4308. To check the fastening of the input flange of the rear axle main gear, place the car on an inspection hole or overpass and place chocks under the wheels. Then turn off the parking brake and set the gear lever to neutral. Use your hands to rock the shaft flange in the longitudinal and transverse directions. If there is a noticeable gap, disconnect the propeller shaft and eliminate the movement of the flange. To do this, it is necessary to disconnect the Kamaz-4308 driveshaft, unscrew the flange mounting nut, remove the flange, cover and reduce the thickness of the adjusting shims 9 (Fig. 27) by no more than 0.1 mm. In this case, gaskets with a thickness of 0.05 mm should remain at the edges of the gasket package. Then secure the cover in the gearbox housing, install the flange and tighten nut 10 to a torque of 588-686 Nm (60-70 kg/cm). To adjust the bearings of the rear wheel hubs of Kamaz-4308, you need to hang the wheels and do the following: - tighten the bearing mounting nut before braking the hub, turning it in both directions so that the bearing rollers take the optimal position; — unscrew the nut approximately 1/6; — bend the projections of the lock washer onto the edge of the nut. Repair of the rear axle of a KamAZ-4308 When repairing, depending on the malfunction, dismantle the drive axle assembly, or only the main gear. Disassemble the KamAZ-4308 rear axle gearbox into the following assembly units, after draining the oil from the rear axle housing into a clean container (for further use): - drive bevel gear; — cross-wheel differential; — driven bevel gear; When disassembling, be sure to check the play in the above assembly units, since the assembly must ensure mandatory preload of the tapered bearings. After complete disassembly, wash and check the gearbox parts. When disassembling the KamAZ-4308 rear axle, it is necessary to check the axial and radial movements in the main drive assembly units, since the assembly must ensure the mandatory preload of the tapered bearings. When inspecting the parts of the KamAZ-4308 rear axle, you should: - check the teeth and the location of the contact patch on the working surfaces of the teeth of the bevel gears; If unacceptable wear or damage (chipping of teeth) is detected, replace with new ones. If the teeth are not properly engaged, find the cause and eliminate it. For spare parts and assembly, the drive and driven spiral bevel gears are supplied as a set, selected for noise and contact patch, so if one of them is damaged, both wheels must be replaced; — check the condition of the surfaces of the crosspiece studs, satellite bushings, the surfaces of the satellite support washers and semi-axial gears, the landing and end surfaces of the semi-axial gears and their installation locations in the differential cups in the cross-axle differential of the Kamaz-4308 bridge. In case of minor damage, you can polish the surfaces with fine-grained sandpaper, and in case of serious damage, replace the parts with new ones. - Inspect all bearings. They must be wear-free, with smooth working surfaces. To disassemble the hub (Fig. 26), it is necessary to unscrew the nuts 26 securing the axle shaft and remove the axle shaft. Unscrew the nut 23 of the bearing and remove the inner race of the bearing 20. Unscrew the fastening bolts and remove the KamAZ-4308 wheel hub assembly with the brake disc. The outer rings of bearings and cuffs should be dismantled if they are replaced. The hub assembly must be done in reverse order. Before assembly, lubricate the seating surfaces on the bridge axle with grease. After installing hub 7, it is necessary to adjust bearings 19 and 20 of the hub. To do this, tighten the nut 23 securing the bearings to approximately 245...294 Nm (25...30 kg/cm) before the hub starts braking, while turning the hub in both directions so that the rollers are correctly installed on the conical surfaces of the rings. Then loosen the nut about 1/6 of a turn. Bend one protrusion of the flange washer onto the edge of the nut. Check hub rotation. The hub should rotate freely by hand, without jamming. To remove the main gear, it is necessary to hang the KamAZ-4308 drive axle, secure it on stands, drain the oil from the axle crankcase, the main gear, unscrew the nuts securing the axle shafts and remove the axle shafts approximately 150 mm on both sides. After unscrewing the bolts securing the main gear to the axle housing, remove it. To disassemble the drive bevel wheel of the main gear of the Kamaz-4308 axle gearbox (Fig. 27), unscrew the nut 10 securing the flange, remove the flange 8. Unscrew the bolts 58 securing the cover of the 6 bearing cup and remove the cover with the gasket. Screwing in the technological bolts M12x1.25x50 (2 pcs.), press out the drive bevel gear assembly from the gearbox housing 1. To disassemble the unit, it is necessary to remove the inner ring of the outer bearing, the adjusting sleeve 23, and then the drive bevel gear with the inner ring of the inner bearing. Press the inner ring of the inner tapered bearing using a puller. To remove, install the edges of the wedges 8 of the puller (Fig. 29) between the inner ring of the bearing and the wheel and, screwing in the screw 6 and the yoke 7, tighten them. Place the grips 1 by the wedges 8 and fix them in this position with screw 3. Pressing the tip 2 against the end of the wheel and screwing the screw 3 into the traverse 4, remove the ring.

Fig.29. Puller for the inner rings of bearings of drive gears and differential cups of the rear axle KamAZ-4308 1 - grip; 2 - tip; 3, 5 and 6 - screws; 4, 7 — traverses; 8 - wedge; 9 - stand. Rice. 30. Removing the inner ring of the Kamaz-4308 differential bearing 1 - grip; 2 - tip; 3 and 5 - screws; 4 - traverse. To disassemble the differential of the KamAZ-4308 rear axle (Fig. 27), you need to unscrew the bolts securing the bearing caps, remove the caps and adjusting threaded nuts 24 and 28. Remove the differential from the main gear. Next, remove the retaining ring and gear clutch of the locking mechanism from the differential cup. If replacement is necessary, press bearings 20 from differential cups 17 and 18. To do this, insert grips 1 (Fig. 30) behind the inner ring of the bearing and secure with screws 3. Resting tip 2 against the end of the differential, screw screw 5 into cross-beam 4 until the inner ring of the bearing is completely removed. After unscrewing the bolts securing the Kamaz-4308 differential cups, separate the cups. Remove the crosspiece 16 with satellites 15 and support washers 17, semi-axial gears 12 with support washers 13. Clean the removed parts and check their technical condition. If there is increased wear or signs of seizure on the surface of the bushings, they should be replaced. Replace cups only as a set (both cups must have the same set number). After replacing the cups, before assembling the differential, you need to press in the inner rings of the bearings 20. When assembling the differential, it is necessary to install the right semi-axial gear with a washer, a cross assembled with bushings, satellites and washers into the right cup of the differential of the Kamaz-4308 drive axle. Insert support washers and left axle wheel into the left cup. Align the differential cups with the factory marks. Tighten both cups with self-locking bolts to a torque of 98-122 Nm (10-12.5 kg/cm). The self-locking bolts for fastening the driven bevel gear must be tightened to a torque of 245-294 Nm (25-30 kg/cm). Install the cross-axle differential into the final drive housing. Tighten the bearing cap bolts to a torque of 100-120 Nm (10-12 kg/cm). When assembling the Kamaz-4308 rear axle gearbox housing, you must remember that the differential bearing caps are not interchangeable, since they are processed together with the crankcase, so each cover must be installed in the place where it was located. Assemble and install the drive bevel wheel assembly unit in the reverse order of its disassembly. After installing the differential in the main gear housing, it is necessary to adjust the engagement of the driven and driving gears according to the lateral clearance, which should be 0.25 - 0.40 mm and the contact patch. The lateral clearance and contact patch in engagement can be determined by simultaneously adjusting the location of the drive bevel wheel assembly 7 and the differential. Adjusting the main gear of the KamAZ-4308 axle gearbox (Fig. 27) includes adjusting the preload of the differential bearings and bearings of the drive bevel gear, as well as adjusting the side clearance and contact patch of the bevel pair. To ensure preload in the tapered bearings of the drive bevel wheel assembly in the presence of axial movement, it is necessary: ​​- reduce the height of the adjusting sleeve 23 by grinding or replacing bushings from spare parts by the amount of axial movement plus 0.04-0.06 mm; — tighten the nut 10 securing the flange 8 to a torque of 588-686 Nm (60-70 kg/cm); — check the rotation force of the 5 bearing cup, which should be equal to 10-24 N (1.00-2.50 kgf). The turning force must be measured with continuous rotation of the glass in one direction after at least five full revolutions. In this case, the bearings must be lubricated, and the bearing cup cover must be moved so that the cuff does not provide resistance to the rotation of the gears. After installing the differential drive bevel gear into the Kamaz-4308 gearbox housing, it is necessary to adjust the side clearance, which should be in the range of 0.25-0.40 mm, and the contact patch of the bevel pair using nuts 24 and 48. To adjust the bearings of the Kamaz-4308 differential, it is necessary to tighten the adjusting nuts 24 and 48 evenly on both sides until the distance between the bearing caps increases by 0.1-0.2 mm. Having adjusted the bearings, you need to finally tighten the bearing cap bolts with a torque of 380-460 Nm (38-46 kg/cm) and lock them with lock washers. Assemble the main drive of the bridge. Ensure the tightness of all flange and threaded connections that have access to oil cavities with sealant. Replacing the rear axle of KamAZ-4308 To remove the rear axle of KamAZ-4308, you need to unscrew the plugs from the drain holes of the rear axle housing and wheel drives. Drain the oil. After draining, clean and screw in the plugs. Brake the vehicle using the parking brake system and lift the rear end by the frame. Remove the wheels by unscrewing the wheel nuts. Disconnect the compressed air supply air hoses from the brake chambers and the cross-axle differential lock drive chambers. Disconnect the electrical wires from the lock control sensors. Unscrew the bolts securing the flange of the Kamaz-4308 propeller shaft. Remove the bolts and move the driveshaft to the side. Unscrew the nut securing the horizontal link bracket of the brake force regulator and move it to the side. Place a lift under the rear bogie with the drive axle and hang it up slightly. Disconnect the upper reaction rod from the axle housing. To do this, you need to unscrew the bracket nuts and remove the spring washers. Pull the reaction rod up. Disconnect the lower reaction rods of the KamAZ-4308 rear suspension. To do this, you need to unscrew the nuts, spring washers and bolts of the left lower reaction rod. Take her aside. Repeat the same for the right lower reaction rod. Raise the rear of the car. Roll out the lift with the drive axle from under the Kamaz-4308 vehicle, place a stand under the frame and lower the vehicle onto it. To install the drive axle, you must install it on a lift. Raise the car and place it on a stand. Roll the drive axle on a lift under the suspension. Raise the axle with a lift and connect the suspension elements to the axle housing. The tightening torque of the bolts and nuts securing the upper and lower reaction rods should be 435.1-490.5 Nm (44-50 kg/cm). Next, lower the lift rod and move it to the side. Attach the brake force regulator rod to the KamAZ-4308 drive axle and secure it. Tighten the nut. Connect the propeller shaft to the drive axle flange, insert the bolts into the holes, put spring washers on them and tighten the nuts. Connect compressed air supply pneumatic hoses to the brake chambers and the interwheel differential lock drive chambers. Connect the electrical wires to the locking control sensors. Install the wheels on the hub, screw on the nuts and tighten them in a diagonal sequence with a torque of 540-670 Nm (54-67 kg/cm). Check the stroke of the rear axle brake chambers and, if necessary, adjust the brake mechanisms. Unscrew the filler plugs in the main gear and in the wheel drives of the rear axle. Fill with oil to the level of the inspection hole. Screw in and tighten the filler plugs. Check the operation of the drive axle with a run. Overheating of wheel hub bearings and final drive bearings is not allowed.

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• GAZ-3307 clutch maintenance
• Steering system GAZ-3307
• Gearbox parts for GAZ-3307
• Maintenance of the rear axle GAZ-3307
• Maintenance of the fuel system of the D-245 diesel engine
• Clutch GAZ-3309 with a diesel engine
• Operations for disassembling the GAZ-3309 gearbox
• GAZ-3309 front axle service
• Repair of cardan shafts of GAZ-3309 cars

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• Operations for assembling basic components of the ZIL-130 engine
• Service and repair operations for the ZIL-130 gearbox
• Maintenance and repair of ZIL-130 clutch
• Repair and adjustment of the rear axle ZIL-130

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• KAMAZ-4310, 43118, 43114
• KAMAZ-5320, 55111, 53212, 5511, 55102
• KAMAZ-65115, 6520, 65117
• KAMAZ-4308
• Engine KAMAZ-740

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• Parts of the cylinder block and head of the YaMZ-236 engine
• Service maintenance of the YaMZ-236 piston group and crankshaft
• Diagnostics and technical adjustments of the YaMZ-236 engine
• Design and adjustment of fuel injection pump and injectors of the YaMZ-236 engine
• Cylinder block and piston YaMZ-238
• Components of the YaMZ-238 diesel fuel supply system
• Design and adjustment of the fuel injection pump of the YaMZ-238 diesel engine
• Technical design of the YaMZ-239 gearbox

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• Components of the front axle and steering rods of the Maz-5516, 5440
• Steering system of Maz-5516, 5440 cars
• Clutch and gearbox parts Maz-5516, 5440
• Maintenance of drive axles of MAZ-5516, 5440 vehicles
• Power steering for Maz-5551, 5335 cars
• Maintenance of cardan transmission of Maz-5551, 5335 cars
• Maintenance and adjustment of clutch MAZ-5551, 5335
• Repair and service of the rear axle of MAZ-5551, 5335 cars

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• Gearbox Ural-4320
• Construction and adjustment of Ural-4320 bridges
• Maintenance of transfer case Ural-4320
• Steering components Ural-4320

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• Servicing the KRAZ-255, 260 gearbox
• Steering mechanism and power steering Kraz-255, 260
• Adjustments and repairs of the power steering cylinder and steering rods of the Kraz car
• Drive axle components and drive shafts Kraz-255, 260

Transmission. Brakes

Transmission model options:

• ZF 16S 2220 Gear ratios 1-15.86-12.33; 2-9.57-7.44; 3-5.87-4.57; 4-3.47-2.70; 5-2.10-1.63; 6-1.29-1.00; 3Х-14.68-11.41 / ​1-13.86-11.56; 2-9.52-7.96; 3-6.56-5.48; 4-4.58-3.83; 5-3.02-2.53; 6-2.08-1.74; 7-1.43-1.20; 8-1.00-0.84; ZH-12.97-10.85.
• ZF 16S 2221 with intarder Gear ratios 1-13.86-11.56; 2-9.52-7.96; 3-6.56-5.48; 4-4.58-3.83; 5-3.02-2.53; 6-2.08-1.74; 7-1.43-1.20; 8-1.00-0.84; ZH-12.97-10.85.
• ZF 12AS2130 – 12-speed automated gearbox.

The main gear is hypoid type, has a gear ratio of 3.077. Rear axle - Daimler HL6 models.

Diaphragm type clutch, single disc, model MFZ-430, hydraulic drive with pneumatic booster.

Disc brakes (front and rear), with electro-pneumatic drive (EBS), with exchange rate stability system (ESP) and traction control (ASR). This is the second car in the history of the Kama Automobile Plant with disc brakes (after KamAZ-4308).

Tolerances of KAMAZ vehicle motor oils

Depending on the liquid filled, the service life of the motor may increase or decrease. This directly depends on the correct choice.

According to the specification, the following oils can be used in KAMAZ power plants:

List of lubricants Euro 3 and higher

Lubricants Euro-2

KAMAZ G-Profi Service Line CS 10W40.

Can be replaced with analogues from third-party manufacturers from the list of CES recommendations.4.

List of lubricants for KAMAZ gas power plants

COOLANT

Coolant is a balanced mixture of antifreeze and water. The presence of antifreeze allows you to expand the range of operating temperatures, lowering the freezing point and increasing the boiling point of the coolant. The additives included in antifreeze protect the engine cooling system from cavitation corrosion. Coolants based on ethylene glycol are approved for operation of KAMAZ engines. The list of coolants approved for use in the cooling system of KAMAZ engines is given in tables B.8, B.9. The use of coolants is mandatory in all climate zones. In a temperate climate zone, it is recommended to use coolants with an antifreeze concentration of 40% (OZh-40 “Lena”, “Tosol-A40M”, “Cool Stream Standard 40”, etc.). In cold climate zones, it is recommended to use coolants with an antifreeze concentration of 65% (OZh-65 “Lena”, “Tosol-A65M”, etc.). During operation, it is necessary to monitor the density of the coolant. Thus, the density of the coolant at a temperature of 20 °C should be:

If the density of the coolant is below the minimum permissible value, the fluid must be replaced. If the coolant density is higher than the maximum permissible value, the coolant density should be adjusted by adding demineralized water. Coolants ES Compleat and Old World Fleet Charge Coolant are recommended for refilling the cooling system of Cummins engines. Old World Fleet Charge finished products are available with varying antifreeze contents. Coolant Old World Fleet Charge Coolant 50/50 (antifreeze content - 50%) is operational down to minus 37 ° C; Old World Fleet Charge Coolant 60/40 (antifreeze content - 60%) is operational down to minus 52 °C. Finished ES Compleat products are available with different antifreeze contents. Coolant ES CompleatTM EG Premix 50/50 (antifreeze content – ​​50%) is operational down to minus 36 °C; ES CompleatTM EG Premix 60/40 (antifreeze content – ​​60%) is operational down to minus 54 °C.

KamAZ-5490-87 (S5)

Equipment options: KamAZ-5490-009-87 (S5) – with 12 automatic transmissions without a retarder; KamAZ-5490-99010-87 (S5) – with 16 manual transmission without retarder, without side guard; KamAZ-5490-014-87 (S5) with a -16 manual transmission without a retarder, with a low cab on a mechanical suspension, without a side guard, with rotating beacons, an emergency power off button, protection for wiring, and a fuel tank (for transporting tanks with fuel) .

Technical characteristics of these options that differ from those indicated above

• Fifth wheel load – 10.655 t / 10.625 t / 11.125 t.
• Gross semi-trailer weight – 36.055 t / 36.025 t / 36.525 t.
• Curb weight – 7.87 t / 7.9 t / 7.4 t.
• Rear axle load – 5.35 t / 5.38 t / 5.08 t.
• Front axle load – 2.52 t / 2.52 t / 2.32 t.
• Transmission – automatic ZF 12AS2130 / manual ZF 16S 2220.

Additional equipment: critical lining wear sensor, drive axle load sensor, a set of aerodynamic fairings, Advers 14TS pre-heater, electronic tachograph, radio, air conditioning, heated seats, electric sunroof.

Technical characteristics of the KAMAZ 5490 tractor

• road train weighing 44,000 kg (44 t);
• tractor weight 18600 kg (18.6 t);
• mass (weight) of the car 18699 kg;
• load capacity:
• the fifth wheel coupling is subject to a load of 10550 kg;
• front axle load, maximum: 7100 kg;
• rear trolley, max. load: 11500 kg;
• overall dimensions: length 6090 mm, height 3745 mm, width 2500 mm;
• the maximum developed speed of Kamaz is 110 km/h;
• elevation angle 18 degrees;
• turning radius 8.5 m;
• disc wheels, pneumatic tires 315/60 R22.5, tubeless type, rim 9.00-22.5;
• Fuel tank capacity: 2 tanks of 400 l each;
• fuel consumption level from 28 to 30 liters per 100 km;
• brake pad K031488;
• oil volume 34 l. maximum;
• air filter 4570092941 – MANN+HUMMEL;
• battery V/Ah, 2x12/210;
• clutch model MFZ 430;
• electronic air suspension with ECAS control system;
• rear axle model – Daimler HL6;
• final drive ratio, gear ratio: 3.077
• rear and front disc brakes;
• electro-pneumatic drive, exchange rate stability and traction control;
• fifth wheel type coupling, cast model JOST JSK 37 C-150 or GF SK-S 36.20/150
• coupling pin, diameter in mm: 50.8.

Engine Daimler-OM457LA

The parameters of the Kamaz 5490 engine are as follows:

• environmental standard Euro.5;
• engine model: diesel Daimler OM 457LA, six-cylinder;
• engine power 428 hp;
• turbocharging, intermediate cooling;
• in-line arrangement of cylinders;
• engine capacity 11.97 l;
• fuel tank in l, capacity 2x400;
• there is a cleaning filter + piston pump;
• gearbox with intarder, model ZF 16S2221 (ZFAstronic 12AS 2131), automatic option;
• there is an air filter.

Purpose of KamAZ 5490: model modifications, application

Kamaz 5490 is one of the new, modern models belonging to the category of long-haul truck tractors. This name means that the vehicle operates with the ability to connect a semi-trailer. The connection is ensured by a coupling saddle mechanism. The truck can be classified as medium or even heavy.

Kamaz 5490

The model has many modifications, it is the pride of the company and appears in the full description as neo or neo. Year of release: from 2012 to present. It is distinguished by greater driver convenience, modern design, improved cabin and good technical characteristics.

Application: transportation of medium and heavy weight cargo. The manufacturer officially reports information that by 2022 it is planned to replace the classic models presented in the catalog with such machines. So far, the developers are working toward a figure of 80% of the total number of models in the series. This model is the main one and great hopes are pinned on it.

Number of modifications: 8.

Transmission

If we talk about the gearbox, the developers also provide for a couple of variations. Associated with the German engine is a 16-speed synchronized gear shifter AF 16S-2221. This variation is an excellent assistant for the driver of a long-range vehicle. It stands out due to the presence of a main hypoid gear, and it also has a remote control.

This parameter is very important. The box also has an intarder. The box is connected to the power unit using a single-plate diaphragm clutch ZF-Sachs MFZ-430. The Russian-made engine acquired a 12-speed unsynchronized gearbox ZF-AS-Tronic 12AS-2131. The maximum speed level of the 5490 model is 110 kilometers per hour.