Kamaz 4310: design and technical characteristics

Technical characteristics of the KamAZ-4310 off-road truck

There are several main advantages of the KamAZ vehicle:

• permanent all-wheel drive as standard;
• 4 cardan shafts; solid metal body;
• folding side and rear sides

The cargo platform can be represented by a tent top, a frame or a wooden surface. The machine is in high demand as an agricultural vehicle due to its three folding sides. This facilitates the process of loading and unloading operations in the agricultural sector, when it is necessary to transport grain, silage and other material. You need to know that the source of the copied text is the portal https://specmahina.ru, do not forget to visit it. The body of such a car was equipped with benches, which could then be removed.

Reliable and durable chassis can withstand any load and overcome off-road conditions well. The KamAZ-4310 cab has 3 seats. Thermal and noise insulation ensure comfortable driving. Other features include:

• the microclimate is maintained by an autonomous heater heating device;
• hydraulic lift for tilting the cab forward; additionally you can install a sleeping place;
• driver's seat adjustable on all axes;
• tropical seat

The technical characteristics of KamAZ indicate its power and wide range of use in cargo transportation. Features of KamAZ-4310:

• overall dimensions (l*w*h) - 3.4*2.5*2.9 m;
• load capacity - 6 tons; total weight - 15 tons;
• tank filling volumes - 125 * 2 l;
• fuel consumption per 100 km - 30 l

Power unit The KamAZ-4310 engine has 2 variations. The first copies were equipped with a 210 hp power unit. On modern cars, the engine power is 430 hp. This required the installation of power units with 8 cylinders. Features of the KamAZ engine:

• torque - 637 N/m;
• V-shaped arrangement of cylinders; working volume - 10.9 l;
• maximum speed is 85 km/h, the car accelerates to this figure in a minute;
• braking distance - 17.2 m

Transmission KamAZ-4310

The vehicle's transmission is universal and has all-wheel drive. Distinctive features:

• center differential lock;
• synchronization of 2 and 5 gearbox speeds;
• several transfer modes;
• remote control;
• two-stage gearbox

KamAZ-4310 suspension.

The independent suspension is formed:

• front semi-elliptic springs;
• shock absorbers;
• jet rods

Brake system KAMAZ 4310

Drum-type brake system with pneumatic 2-circuit drive. The vehicle is additionally equipped with a parking, spare and auxiliary brake. Drum diameter - 400 mm, cam release type. The air system has undergone changes, its operating efficiency has become higher.

Steering wheel KAMAZ 4310

The controls of the latest KamAZ models are equipped with a hydraulic booster, which facilitates movement over rough terrain and creates a smoother ride. The dashboard contains all the necessary elements.

Electrical equipment

The KamAZ-4310 electrical equipment diagram is intended to indicate the main elements of the system and perform independent repairs if necessary. The colored electrical diagram indicates the sequence of connecting electrical wiring and all electrical devices of the vehicle with a description of the elements. The colored wiring diagram has the following elements:

• power unit starting device;
• cabin lighting;
• turn signals, headlights, hazard lights;
• electrical circuit of the glass cleaning system, heating and power supply;
• anti-theft mechanism;
• dashboard; wiring;
• audio system;
• safety block;
• Control block

Winch KAMAZ 4310

The manufacturer has provided the possibility of using a winch that has a drum system. It has a band brake and a worm gear. The cable stretches up to 83 m.

Repair of the front axle KAMAZ 4310 diagram

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Home » New » Repair of the front axle KAMAZ 4310 diagram
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KAMAZ 4310 device

If we take the technical condition, then for the 80s this KamAZ all-terrain vehicle was the most excellent cargo SUV, which could overcome large obstacles, and was not afraid of steep ascents and descents, it could almost “swim” fords, the depth of which reached 1.5 meters. Serial production of this model began in January 1981, just before the 26th Congress of the Communist Party.

The name itself shows that the truck was produced at the facilities of KamAZ (Naberezhnye Chelny). But few people know that, in fact, the KamAZ-4310 has Moscow roots and was developed by the design staff of the ZIL association. The engineering staff accepted the order to develop an off-road vehicle back in 1960.

A year later, the technical components were settled, and 10 years were allocated for production. Over the entire period of work on the order, ZIL enterprises assembled about 12 prototypes of a possible KamAZ vehicle. It is interesting that during development, a considerable number of original technical implementations were found, which provided more than 50 copyright certificates for the ZIL engineering staff.

The standard equipment of the truck received a completely new principle of operation of the drive axles. The model was equipped with a permanent drive with 4 cardan shafts. The standard configuration came with a body, which consisted of a metal base, which also included an awning and a frame. The truck was used to transport passengers and various cargo of increased tonnage.

Gur Kamaz 4310 device and repair

The weight of the KamAZ 4310 reaches fifteen tons, it is difficult to imagine how the average person would drive such a “lump” if not for the KamAZ 4310 power steering. For this reason, vehicles produced at the Kama plant are equipped with a similar mechanism.

The main purpose of using power steering is to reduce the pressure created on the steering wheel of the car. Thanks to the effect, it is easier for the user to drive a car, and as a result, fatigue does not occur so quickly. It is also important that in the event of an emergency or force majeure situation, the driver will respond to changes more easily and quickly by adjusting the vehicle’s behavior and performing a maneuver.

In addition, power steering is involved in passive safety. Thus, an increase in speed is accompanied by an increase in resistance on the control wheel. This makes it possible to maintain a given trajectory without deviating from the course (which is fraught with an emergency). Breakage of the product does not lead to a complete loss of control; this once again indicates the safety of the unit. Premature worries are not appropriate, since failure is rare, but the joint operation of the amplifier and the car will bring a lot of positive aspects.

The main components of the KamAZ-4310 amplifier:

• Electrical unit - regulates the operation of the hydraulic booster electronically.
• Working fluid acts as a pressure transmitter to the hydraulic cylinder from the pump, and also lubricates elements, in particular friction pairs.
• Connecting hoses are used to connect the pump, hydraulic cylinder, and distributor together.
• Hydraulic cylinder - consists of a rod, as well as a chrome-plated piston. The pressure that the fluid creates is converted into energy that pushes the piston.
• Distributor - distributes fluid throughout the hydraulic system, throughout all its cavities.
• Kamaz power steering pump pumps fluid and circulates it throughout the entire hydraulic system. The so-called heart of the hydraulic system.

It must be remembered that checking and adjusting the Kamaz power steering is possible only under one condition - when the engine is turned off, as well as when the steering rod (longitudinal) is also turned off.

What malfunctions can occur in power steering KamAZ - 4310:

1. The power steering began to lose oil from the hydraulic system.
2. The steering wheel stopped turning easily in one direction or the other, and began to turn with difficulty.
3. There are strange noises or loud noises when the pump is running.
4. The steering wheel turns quickly , but the steering mechanism itself is slow or difficult to respond.
5. Some shocks began to be transmitted to the steering wheel .
6. It has become difficult to hold the steering wheel when driving straight.
7. The steering wheel began to linger in its reverse motion.

To repair the power steering , you need to carry out a full diagnosis, and only after that proceed with the repair. The first step is to look at the pressure in the steering system when the steering wheel is in one extreme position and the other, you should also look at what maximum pressure the pump receives and what its fluid flow is.

If you see that some part is worn out , then you need to replace it, just buy a new one. If the hydraulic booster is in the car, then you will not be able to repair it because it needs to be removed and then repaired. It is worth remembering that self-repair is fraught with consequences, so complete or partial disassembly should be carried out by specialists, in specialized enterprises that carry out repairs, like our Hydro Special Market.

How to change oil in KamAZ - 4310:

To change the power steering oil, you need to bleed it; this action will remove air from the system. Air should not be left in the system.

1. First, you need to open the valve , it is also called the bypass valve.
2. After this, compress the centering springs . This can be done by turning the steering wheel to the left all the way.
3. Fill the pump with oil
4. The power device must be turned on, and at this time you add oil slowly and gradually , and see if air bubbles come out of the hose. If the bubbles stop coming, that means it’s enough.
5. Screw back the valve (bypass valve)
6. Again, compress the centering springs , only now you need to turn the steering wheel to the right as far as possible, and the springs should compress, and then immediately return it back to the left as far as it will go, again twist the bypass valve to see if any air bubbles are released. After all the air has come out, the valve can be screwed back on.
7. Do the action from the previous point until all the air comes out and only oil comes out of the valve.

Scheme of operation of the power steering steering control of Kamaz 4310

Bridge KAMAZ 4310 installation and repair

Rear axle of Kamaz-4310

1 – lock nut, 2 – wheel stud; 3 – hub; 4 – shield; 5 – fitting; 6, 11 – breathers; 7.9 – oil seals; 8 cover of the air supply seal block; 10 – spring bracket; 12 - axle shaft; 13 – brake chamber; 14 – flange; 15 – expansion fist bracket; 16- block of air supply seals; 17 – axle; 18 – brake support disc; 19, 20 – tapered bearings; 21 – brake drum; 22 – nut; 23 – lock washer; 24 – tire tap; 25 – jet thrust bracket; 26 – axle shaft casing

The Kamaz-4310 drive axles have double main gears, one pair of bevel gears with spiral teeth, the second pair of cylindrical helical gears; the overall gear ratio is 7.62.

The design of the main gears of all three KamAZ-4310 axles is the same, however, the assembled main gears of the front, intermediate and rear axles are not interchangeable.

The main parts of the Kamaz-4310 main gear (Fig. 2) are: crankcase 1, drive shaft 22 with bearings, drive bevel gear 21, driven bevel gear 2, drive spur gear 3 with shaft and bearings, driven spur gear 14.

Main gear and differential of the rear axle gearbox KamAZ-4310

1 – crankcase; 2 – driven bevel gear; 3 – driving cylindrical gear; 4, 6, 10, 18, 20 – tapered roller bearings; 5 – cup of bearings; 7, 19 - adjusting washer; 8, 17 – adjusting shims; 9 – adjusting nut; 11 – differential cup; 12 – cross; 13 – semi-axial gear; 14 – driven cylindrical gear; 15 – roller bearing; 16 – gasket; 21 – driving bevel gear; 22 – drive shaft; 23 – bearing cover; 24 – stopper.

The intermediate and rear axle housing of KamAZ-4310 is attached to the bridge beam with a horizontal flange using studs located on the outside.

There are grooves on the inner walls of the crankcase, and in the walls there are channels for the passage of oil to the bearings. There is a filler plug on top of the crankcase; the control and drain plugs are located on the axle crankcase.

The drive shaft 22, together with the drive bevel gear 21 mounted on its splines, rotates in the crankcase on two bevel bearings 18 and 20 and one cylindrical roller bearing.

The front tapered bearing 18 is located in the cup, the rear bearing 20 is installed in the crankcase bore.

With inner rings, bearings 18 and 20 are pressed onto the shank of drive gear 21. A flange is installed on shaft 22 for connecting the cardan drive; the shaft exit from the crankcase is sealed with a rubber cuff and an oil deflector.

The driven bevel gear 2 is mounted on a shaft manufactured integrally with the drive cylindrical gear 3.

The supports of this shaft are two tapered bearings 4 and 6 located in the cup, and a cylindrical roller bearing 15 installed in the crankcase boss. The driven spur gear 14 is attached to the differential cups with bolts.

The main gear of the Kamaz-4310 intermediate axle has a through drive shaft; flanges are installed at both ends for connecting cardan shafts.

The main gear of the Kamaz-4310 front axle gearbox is attached to the bridge beam with a flange located in a vertical plane; the drive shaft here is non-passing and its inner end rests on a cylindrical roller bearing located inside the crankcase.

When the drive shaft rotates, torque is transmitted from the drive bevel gear to the driven gear, then to shaft 4 and the drive spur gear, from where through the gearing to the driven spur gear and differential.

In a bevel gear pair, the torque changes in magnitude and direction, while a cylindrical gear pair changes the torque only in magnitude.

Lubrication of the main gear of the Kamaz-4310 drive axle gearbox is carried out by splashing. The intermediate and rear axle crankcases of KamAZ-4310 are filled with 7 liters each, and the front axle crankcase with 4.8 liters of oil.

Razdatka (Transfer case) KAMAZ 4310

At the time of the creation of the car, an advanced principle for the interaction of drive axles was developed and implemented. This refers to a permanent drive, which has four cardan shafts.

At the same time, the transmission is equipped with a center differential, which is supported by electric and pneumatic locking. There are several modifications that have some differences, but they are not significant. The KAMAZ 4310, 43118 vehicle is equipped with a KAMAZ-740.10 engine, which has a power of 210 -220 hp.

KamAZ-43118 has an enlarged platform, which has a significantly higher load capacity. This modification of the KamAZ car began to be produced in 1996.

One of the important parts of the car is the gearbox, namely the KamAZ transfer case; it disperses torque if the road is bad, and it is distributed between the axle of the front of the car and the rear of the truck. What is the purpose of the transfer case?

Box device. The main components are the following:

• Carter;
• Main or drive shaft;
• Intermediate or secondary shaft;
• Shaft located on the front axle;
• Shaft for driving axles at the rear of the car;
• Shaft intended for power take-off;
• Center differential;
• Central control drive;
• The gear is responsible for overdrive.

Signs of a broken transfer case on a KAMAZ 4310 vehicle

If there are obvious signs of breakdown, then the RC must be replaced; this should be done in the following cases:

First of all, this is a characteristic knocking noise that occurs due to damage to the teeth on wheels equipped with such teeth, and if the bearing ceases to function due to wear.

Due to the fact that the teeth on the couplings, on the gears and on the gearboxes become unusable, the gears are switched off randomly. The shift fork foot may also be damaged.

If the parts that are in the gearbox are worn out, this leads to the fact that the gears are difficult to engage, the gear shift rods jam, and the differential locks. The power take-off on KAMAZ-4310, 43118 vehicles may also jam.

Possible damage to the RC, for example, chips, cracks. Failure of fastenings and other damage that can be considered mechanical.

How to repair a transfer case on a KAMAZ 4310 vehicle

• Using the provided hole with a plug, drain the oil from the valve;
• Remove the special shields located on the floor of the platform, having first unscrewed the clamp nut;
• Separate the driveshaft, which is considered the main one, and the drive shaft;
• Disconnect the drive shaft on the front axle from the drive;
• Disconnect the drive shaft on the intermediate axle;
• Disconnect the driveshaft located on the drive from the power take-off;
• Also disconnect the speedometer, that is, the converter plug on the Kamaz-4310, 43118;
• There are also wires for indicator lamps, which are responsible for the differential lock and overdrive. Also downward.
• On the Republic of Kazakhstan, remove the ground wire from the bracket
• The hoses connecting the pneumatic chambers are the same as above: differential, power take-off and both gears, high and low.
• Unscrew the nuts on the control valve and remove the bolts to dismantle the control valve.

Assembling the transfer case KAMAZ 4310

• Fit the trolley with the previously removed RC under the car and carefully lift it, after installing the cushions. Precisely align all the visible holes and secure with four bolts, which are secured with special nuts;
• Connect the hoses on the pneumatic chambers that are responsible for locking the differential, shifting both gears and the power take-off;
• Connect the mass with the RK;
• We also connect the above-mentioned open wires of the light bulb switches responsible for blocking and transmission and fix the wires under the RK;
• Connect speedometer
• Connect the driveshaft on the winch to the power take-off;
• Connect the cardan shaft and the drive shaft;
• Connect the main driveshaft;
• Connect the drive shaft to the front axle;
• Based on the readings at the bottom of the crankcase, fill it with oil of a certain brand.

Video - transfer case repair on KamAZ 4310:

Repair of the front axle gearbox KAMAZ 4310

We disassemble the KamAZ 4310 bridge

front axle repair part 2

Repair of the steering knuckle (fork) assembly of the front axle of KamAZ 6522. MADARA bridge. Part III

KAMAZ — Rear axle gearbox repair — Part 5 — Differential assembly

Kamaz gearbox assembly!!!

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Front axle repair.

Ural 4320 part 21. Repair, replacement of ring bushings, steering knuckle seals.

KAMAZ — Rear axle gearbox repair — Part 1 — Disassembly

KAMAZ - Repair of rear axle gearbox - Part 3 - Adjustment of shank bearings

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Home » New » Repair of the front axle gearbox KAMAZ 4310
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