What kind of oil should be poured into the engine of the T 40 tractor?

Which is better - synthetic or mineral?

Previously, mineral fluids were used to lubricate the main components of internal combustion engines. But gradually they began to be used less often. This is due to the fact that synthetics and semi-synthetics have appeared on the market. These options have the best performance properties and do not lose their basic properties for a long time.

Mineral options are made from crude oil, and at elevated temperatures or under pressure it begins to lose its original properties. This means that after a certain period of time the lubricant ceases to perform its functions and this negatively affects the main parts of the equipment and leads to rapid wear.

Synthetic options are being improved and used in various internal combustion engines - from jet engines to tractor diesel engines. The main advantage is that they do not contain components that cannot withstand high temperatures. When using lubricants, no sediment appears, and no oxidative deposits form on the surfaces of parts.

Main advantages

The advantage of the T-40 models, the technical characteristics of which will be discussed in the article below, is considered primarily their versatility. By purchasing such a tractor, you can carry out not only a large number of different agricultural works: plowing, mowing, hoeing, processing row crops, snow removal, etc. It is also possible to use this model for transport transportation. All you need to do is attach a trolley to the T-40 tractor. In this case, it will be possible to transport hay, branches, garbage, etc.

These Soviet models have earned popularity among farmers, among other things, because they can be combined without conversion with attachments designed for lighter equipment - T-25, and heavier equipment - "Belarus". The advantages of T-40 tractors also include:

• good cross-country ability and maneuverability;
• ease of repair and the ability to purchase any parts without any problems;
• ease of control.

The advantages of this model are also considered to be not too high fuel consumption and reliability. T-40 tractors break down very rarely. The transmission and chassis components of this model have a large margin of safety. This is what determines its long service life. The T-40 M tractor, which has simply excellent technical characteristics, and other modifications of the basic T-40 model are distinguished by the same wide range of advantages.

Fuel consumption of domestic and imported tractors

If it is not possible to accurately calculate the amount of fuel consumed by the tractor, then you can use ready-made calculations. The table will tell you as accurately as possible about the fuel consumption rates used by the most popular domestic tractors.

Below is an example of fuel consumption by imported tractors produced by the famous John Deere brand.

All of the data listed above was obtained by testing fully operational tractors on gravel roads with a partially loaded trailer.

What factors need to be taken into account when calculating fuel consumption?

To calculate the fuel consumption of a tractor, you need to study the factors that directly affect the volume of fuel consumed by special equipment. The main one is the condition of the agricultural machine engine. During operation of equipment on site, its engine must be in full working order. The filters deserve special attention. If they are clogged, the amount of fuel will increase.

Another important factor is the tractor driving style. If the operator prefers aggressive driving at high speeds with sharp cornering and inconsistent gear shifting, then the amount of fuel consumed by the agricultural machine will rapidly increase.

The third important parameter that must be taken into account when calculating fuel standards is weather conditions. With sudden changes in temperature and humidity, the volume of fuel consumed will quickly increase. At the same time, at a stable temperature, this parameter will remain practically unchanged.

Another factor is the condition of the road surface. To calculate fuel consumption rates for tractors, manufacturers of special equipment divide roads into 3 types:

• the first category includes roads with relatively hard surfaces, compacted field paths and roads packed with snow;
• The second category includes partially broken roads, as well as paths with crushed stone or gravel surfaces. This group also includes paths on rough terrain - turfed dirt roads and paths washed out by rain;
• The third category includes the most dangerous roads - roads with deep sharp ruts, directions thawed after snow, and spring off-road conditions.

The fuel consumption of a utility tractor will be stable only if it is constantly used on a perfectly flat road surface. If agricultural machinery is often used to travel along ridged country roads, then the volume of fuel it consumes will range from 0.3 to 0.8 l/1 km of distance traveled.

For gasoline and diesel engines

The T-40 is equipped with gasoline and diesel engines, and special oils should be used for them. The most suitable option would be all-season lubrication; it is considered universal.

The container is usually marked M-6з/10В and is manufactured in compliance with the requirements of GOST 10541-78. The base has many additives and additional components that retain the lubricating properties of the substance for a long time.

If a diesel engine is installed, but there is no turbocharging, then it is worth purchasing G2k fluid. Oils are divided into viscosity classes from 8 to 10, and class 14 is also commercially available.

M-10G2 or M14G2 are popular on the market. They are based on additives and additional components that prolong the operation of lubricating properties. Tests have shown that the products have low ash content. With proper operation of the equipment, if functioning properly, they can work for 300 hours.

Reasons for high consumption of fuel and lubricants

If you are concerned about the high consumption of fuel and lubricants on your tractor, then in addition to the factors, it is also worth understanding the main reasons that have a negative impact on consumption. Five main negative reasons.

• Malfunctions in the diesel engine.
• Incorrect travel speed.
• Incorrect (frequent) gear shifting.
• Heavy loads on the tractor.
• Aggressive driving style.

These reasons affect not only fuel consumption, but also oil consumption rates on tractors.

Reviews and prices

Most often, tractors of this brand are purchased by small farmers or even just villagers who have very large plots of land at their disposal. The T-40 is usually used for plowing land and transporting agricultural goods. Reviews of these models from farmers are mostly positive. Of course, in some respects (comfort for the operator, power, etc.) these tractors are inferior to modern models. However, they also cost less. The price for them, depending on the degree of wear of components and mechanisms, ranges from 100-350 thousand rubles. If desired, you can purchase a T-40 AM tractor, the technical characteristics of which allow it to be used on slopes up to 16o, T-40 M, T-40 AN or any other modification. All of them are currently represented quite widely on the market. Sold for T-40 tractors and the necessary attachments.

These models remain popular, among other things, because in our time absolutely all the parts and components necessary for them are produced and sold.

As you can see, the T-40 model has simply excellent technical characteristics (as well as operational ones). In any case, its price/quality ratio is very good. Those who cannot afford a new modern tractor, the cost of which is rarely less than 400-500 thousand rubles, are certainly worth thinking about purchasing this old but reliable Soviet model.

How to calculate fuel yourself?

Before you begin the calculation, you need to make sure that the tractor is in good condition. To do this, perform a comprehensive diagnosis. And only after that start calculating.

To calculate, you should use a formula that looks like this: P=0.7 x R x N, where:

• P – fuel consumption for 1 hour;
• N – engine power (we use the value in hp).
• R – specific fuel consumption.
• 0.7 – conversion factor from kW.

For tractors with different load loads, corrections with the coefficient are applied:

• 1 – maximum full load;
• 0.8 – load above average;
• 0.6 – average load;
• 0.5 – partial load.

For example, let's take a tractor with a power of 7.5 horsepower. For such a unit, fuel consumption will be 6-8 liters per engine hour. When performing agricultural work, fuel consumption will increase by one and a half times.

For a more detailed and accurate calculation of fuel consumption rates for tractors of various brands and calculation of oil consumption rates per 100 liters of fuel, it is necessary to use special technical tables. You can find such tables in technical literature or in technical documentation for a particular tractor model.

A little history

The T-40 tractor was produced in the Soviet Union, in Lipetsk, from 1961 to 1995. At different times, different modifications rolled off the assembly line. From 1961 to 1972, two types of this tractor were produced: the T-40 itself with rear-wheel drive and the all-wheel drive T-40 A. In 1972, a new modification of this agricultural machinery was released - the T-40 M. The technical characteristics of this tractor were slightly different . For example, he had more weight. In addition, for the T-40 M, the designers provided a function for switching drive axles.

Over the entire period of production, more than a million of these tractors were produced. Models of the T-40 brand were widely used on collective and state farm fields, as well as in urban utilities.

How to calculate oil consumption per liter of fuel for tractors?

An equally important role in calculating the costs of maintaining agricultural machinery is played by oil consumption.

The following factors are used to calculate this parameter:

• engine CPG condition;
• efficiency of the internal combustion engine cooling system;
• the presence of a carburetor preheating function;
• condition of oil and fuel filters;
• engine crankshaft rotation speed;
• condition of the crankshaft liners;
• sequence when shifting gears;
• tractor speed at maximum forward and reverse speeds.

When calculating the oil consumed by agricultural machinery, it is necessary to take into account weather conditions. It has long been known that when starting and warming up the engine, as well as operating an agricultural machine in cold weather, its engine consumes more lubricant than when operating in warm weather. The volume of oil required for internal combustion engine operation also increases during operation of special equipment in hot weather. That is why many tractor drivers in summer prefer to start work in the morning, when the air temperature has not yet reached its peak.

Another factor required for calculation is the quality and properties of lubricants. If branded oil from trusted manufacturers is regularly used to lubricate the engine, its consumption will be several times less than the volume of low-quality oils.

Most often, a table is used to determine lubricant consumption rates.

It shows the amount of transmission and industrial lubricant required to ensure trouble-free operation of the most popular tractors.

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