ZIL-130 car platform on ZIL-130

ZIL 130 B is a transport truck that was designed and began to be mass produced back in Soviet times. The end of production of this car model was completed in 2014. Over the long history of the ZIL 130 with a trailer, the model has undergone some changes that relate to the operating characteristics of the vehicle. It should be noted that the history of the ZIL 130 is quite extensive. The fact is that initially the car was created in order to use it in the national economy, as well as in the armed forces. In addition to the USSR and the Russian Federation, the model was used in other countries. The truck was classified as medium-tonnage, since its carrying capacity was 5-6 tons, depending on the modification.

Those. characteristics of ZIL 130 and its features

It should be noted that this model has an 8-cylinder engine with a power of 150 horsepower. The design of models produced since the mid-80s includes a gearbox, a cabin with three seats, and a glass washer. Most of the vehicles produced throughout history have included engine heating. The latest modifications of the ZIL 130 had transistor ignition, a generator for current, and a more advanced instrument panel. ZIL 130 (7b), as well as other modifications, also boasted the presence of two ventilation hatches located on the roof. The technical characteristics of the ZIL 130 made this truck universal for use when it is necessary to carry out cargo transportation over short distances.

Separately, it is necessary to talk about the motor that is installed in this model. Thus, the ZIL 130 (MMZ) received an engine that, in its design features, was quite similar to the previous generation of engines used in ZIL trucks. This engine can operate on various types of gasoline fuel. At the time the engine was created, it was oriented on A-76 gasoline. It is worth saying that the engines that were designed at the ZIL plant for passenger and truck types of vehicles differed from each other in technical indicators and could not have much greater unification.

Chapter VI. FRAME

CHOICE OF FRAME TYPE AND ITS DESIGN OF THE ZIL-130 CAR

When creating new car models, the choice of frame type is of great importance, since in trucks it is the main load-bearing element that absorbs all the forces acting on the vehicle. The most widely used frames are those consisting of two spars connected to each other by cross members. This type of frame was also chosen for the ZIL-130 family of trucks.

Cars ZIL-150 and ZIL-164 had a frame of the type indicated above, in which, with relatively short runs, the side members broke in the bending zone of the vertical wall, the fastening of the cross members was weakened and cross members No. 2 broke (Fig. 33). The experience of manufacturing and operating previously produced vehicles was taken into account when designing the frame of the ZIL-130 vehicle, as a result of which appropriate design solutions were adopted to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages.

When designing the frames of the ZIL-130 family of vehicles, maximum unification between them was envisaged, both in terms of design and manufacturing technology. Frames differ from one another only in the length of the side members, the number of cross members and the nomenclature of some parts. The designs of the crossbars are basically unified for all frames. The frame spars of the ZIL-130 car (basic model), truck tractor and dump truck chassis are shaped so that they can be manufactured in one die.

The width of the frames of the ZIL-130 family of vehicles complies with international standards and allows the installation of bodies from foreign companies and various special equipment on its chassis. The frame elements at the platform installation sites do not protrude above the upper flange of the side member. This simplifies the installation of various equipment on the vehicle chassis, and also facilitates the transportation and storage of frames.

Unlike the frames of the ZIL-150 and ZIL-164 vehicles, the frames of the EIL-130 vehicle have a constant width of 865 mm along the entire length, which eliminates additional twisting of the side members and eliminates the formation of technological corrugations on horizontal flanges, inevitable on the old design spars

in the bending zone of the vertical wall and leading to their breakdowns. The dimensions of the frame elements of the ZIL-130 family of vehicles, compared to the frames of the ZIL-150 and ZIL-164 vehicles, were slightly increased in order to increase their reliability, as well as in connection with the increase in the carrying capacity and speed of the vehicles. The height of the ZIL 130 frame spars compared to the ZIL-164 frame spars has been increased from 225 to 245 mm in the middle part and, accordingly, from 130 to 140 mm in the front and to 180 mm in the rear. This increase in the size of the side members ensures their sufficient strength and does not lead to excessive weighting of the structure as a whole.

Calculation of the frames showed that the stresses in the side members of the ZIL-130 frame are reduced compared to the stresses in the side members of the ZIL-164 frame. The calculation results are given in table. 39.

The calculation was made based on the theory of a simple beam. The spar was considered supported on the ends of the springs. In this case, the payload in the body for the ZIL-130 car was taken to be 5 tf, and for the ZIL-164 car 4 tf.

The frames of the ZIL-130 family of vehicles have three main modifications (Fig. 34, a - c):

car frame ZIL-130 with a wheelbase of 3800 mm; frame of the ZIL-130V1 truck tractor and chassis of the ZIL-130D1, ZIL-130D2 and ZIL-130DZ dump trucks with a wheelbase of 3300 mm;

car frame ZIL-130G with a wheelbase of 4500 mm.

The frames of the ZIL-130 car and its modifications are stamped and riveted. The spars are a beam in the form

channel of variable section. A buffer 5 and towing hooks 3 are installed at the front ends of the side members 8. A towing device 16 for towing trailers is installed on the rear cross members 15 of the frames of the ZIL-130, ZIL-130G, ZIL-130D2 and ZIL-130DZ vehicles.

Dump trucks ZIL-130D1, designed to operate without a trailer, are equipped with a towing loop 24 without a shock-absorbing device, intended for pulling out a stuck vehicle, instead of a towing device.

Rice. 33. Diagram of the frame of the ZIL-164 car: a - zone of spar failure; 1 - cross member No. 2

39. The highest calculated stresses in the side members in kgf/cm2

Spar area

All parts of the ZIL-130V1 truck tractor frame, except for the rear cross member, are the same as the ZIL-130D1 dump truck chassis frame. The rear cross member of the truck tractor frame has a lightweight fastening design (there is no brace 14), since towing devices are not installed on this frame.

The frame spars of the long-wheelbase ZIL-130G vehicle have L-shaped reinforcements 1 in the middle part.

As a towing device on ZIL-130 vehicles intended for use with trailers, a towing hook with a rubber elastic element is used (Fig. 35).

The use of a rubber elastic element made it possible to avoid a number of disadvantages that a coiled coil spring had, which was used as an elastic element in the towing device of the ZIL-164 car. The main disadvantage of a coil spring is its low damping properties, as a result of which the road train has a tendency to longitudinal vibrations. This leads to wear on the parts of the towing device, and also reduces the service life of the vehicle as a whole.

The rubber elastic element, due to the nonlinearity of the characteristic and significant hysteresis caused by intramolecular friction, softens and absorbs shocks and shocks,

without causing longitudinal vibrations of the road train. The rubber buffer 1 is enclosed in a closed housing 4, which significantly improves its operating conditions. Lubricant is supplied to the rubbing surfaces of the body, as a result of which the service life of the towing device has increased. In addition, rubber elastic elements require virtually no maintenance during operation. In order to increase the service life of towing hook 6, its dimensions were increased compared to the towing hook of the ZIL-164 car. To reduce hook wear, the hardness of the jaw surface was increased.

The operating experience of the first batch of ZIL-130 vehicles showed the need for some additional strengthening of the towing hook, since during road tests there were cases of the towing hook stem breaking in the area of ​​a sharp transition

to the thickened neck. To avoid these breakdowns and increase the service life of the towbar, the cylindrical shape of the shank was replaced by a conical one.

Rice. 34. Frames of the ZIL-130 family of cars

Rice. 35. Towing device: 1 — rubber buffer; 2 - nut; 3 and 5 — thrust washers; 4 — towing device body: b — towing hook

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Dimensions

Speaking about the dimensions of the ZIL 130, it should be said that they are “typical” for vehicles of this class. In this case we are talking about the following indicators:

1. Width of ZIL 130: 6.67 meters.
2. Length of ZIL 130: 2.5 meters.
3. Ground clearance: 277 millimeters.

Speaking about how much an onboard ZIL-130 weighs, it should be noted that the weight of an onboard ZIL 130 is 4.3 tons. In turn, the carrying capacity of the ZIL 130 (in tons) is equal to six. Thus, the carrying capacity of the onboard ZIL 130 is quite large.

It is worth saying that today the ZIL 130 (Amur) car or any other modifications are obsolete. Therefore, they are gradually trying to abandon its use. First of all, this is explained by the fact that the truck has a very high fuel consumption. This figure is at least 30 liters per 100 kilometers of road. At the same time, some people equip their cars with HBO. Here we are talking, first of all, about cars that serve as tank cars, dump trucks and lifts. Such measures make operation cheaper than that of competing cars of this model.

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Types of trucks of this model

Initially, in 1962, when the vehicle was just beginning to be produced, it was planned to produce two types of cars. In the first case, it was an onboard ZIL 130 tractor, which was equipped with a trailer. In the second case, it is a flatbed truck with a platform and side sides. However, over time, the concept changed somewhat and many different models were released. Note that the performance characteristics of the ZIL-130 were also somewhat different from each other. For example, there could be different indicators of the permitted maximum weight of the ZIL-130, different types of ZIL 130 chassis were installed, and there could also be different widths of the ZIL-130 frame. All these indicators contributed to the fact that the maximum speed of the ZIL-130 could also differ, depending on the characteristics.

Specifications

Overall dimensions of ZIL 130:

• length – 6675 mm;
• width – 2500 mm;
• height – 2400 mm;
• ground clearance - 275 mm;
• wheelbase – 3800 mm;
• rear track – 1790 mm;
• front track – 1800 mm;
• platform loading height – 1450 mm;
• platform length – 3752 mm;
• platform width – 2326 mm;
• platform height – 575 mm;
• minimum turning radius – 8900 mm.

In terms of technical characteristics, the car looks very good even now:

• maximum speed – 90 km/h;
• fuel consumption (full load) – about 37 l/100 km;
• fuel tank capacity – 175 l;
• load capacity – 6000 kg.

ZIL 130 is capable of moving a trailer with a maximum weight of 8000 kg. The total weight of the truck is 10525 kg, curb weight is 4300 kg. Weight distribution when fully loaded: 2626 kg - on the front axle, 7900 kg - on the rear axle, for an unloaded vehicle: 2120 kg - on the front axle, 2180 kg - on the rear axle.

The braking distance at a speed of 60 km/h is 28 m.

Dump truck ZIL-130

The production of dump trucks on the ZIL-130 chassis was carried out by MMZ (Mytishchi Machine-Building Plant). Depending on the modification of the chassis, vehicles were produced aimed at different areas of application. Thus, the ZIL-MMZ-555 model had a shortened base, which made the vehicle more maneuverable, the body allowed unloading only to the rear, and the ZIL-130D1 chassis allowed work with a trailer.

The ZIL-MMZ-554 model was intended for use in agriculture, had a standard frame and the ability to unload on 3 sides. The ZIL-130B2 chassis was equipped with all the necessary devices for working with a dump trailer.

Throughout the production of these models, they were constantly refined, changes were made to them to improve the characteristics of the machine. Photo of ZIL-130 dump truck

Price of new and used ZIL 131

Production of the ZIL 130 model ended in 2010, so it is currently not possible to purchase a new truck. However, these cars are still offered on the used market. Moreover, you can buy them for a fairly modest price. Models on the move will cost 35,000-80,000 rubles. The technical parameters and condition of used ZIL 130 cars will not be the best, but given the ease of repair and good characteristics, the car may well be useful in various fields. Price tags for versions of recent years (2009-2010) in excellent condition reach up to 400,000 rubles.

Analogs

Analogs of the ZIL 130 model include its predecessor ZIL 164 and the GAZ 53 car, which is similar in characteristics.

The hero of this review is a car that doesn’t need any special introduction. This has become one of the most popular, versatile, reliable and beloved ZIL-130 trucks. Many modifications were produced on its basis, from a dump truck to a truck tractor. The thoughtfulness of the design, the use of modern achievements of both the domestic and global automobile industry at that time, ensured a long life for this car. Even now, more than half a century after the start of production, these machines still continue to perform their functions in some places.

Device

The ZIL diesel dump truck on the 130th model chassis is a medium-tonnage vehicle designed for use in construction work, road construction, and agriculture. The car was distinguished by its reliability, maintainability, simplicity of design and comfort in the cabin.

Engine

The base engine installed on almost all modifications of the ZIL-130 was an 8-cylinder, V-shaped, liquid-cooled engine, which was a derated version of the power unit used on the ZIL-111 executive car.

Export versions of the vehicles could be equipped with foreign-made engines:

• Perkins 6.345, 140 hp diesel engine.
• Valmet 411BS, 4-cylinder diesel engine with 125 hp.
• Leyland 0.400, 6-cylinder diesel engine with 135 hp.

For machines intended for use at low temperatures, in areas with cold climates, a pre-heater was installed.

Since 1977, engine modifications have been produced designed to use natural gas as fuel. Such engines were designated ZIL-138.