Tower crane is a very popular type of construction equipment, which is used for the construction of multi-story buildings. With the help of these cranes, construction materials are delivered to a certain height, as well as trucks are unloaded. A special feature of the technology is the ability to use them at any level of the building, while covering the entire perimeter of the work area. However, despite their productivity, tower cranes are considered more difficult to operate than truck-based mobile cranes.
Design Features
The domestic tower crane KB-309, like the KB-403, is designed to carry out a variety of construction and installation works that may be required during the construction of residential civil or administrative buildings. The overall frame of the crane is made of high-strength steel pipes of different sections, with additional reinforcement tapes made of metal angle installed. The crane consists of 5 or 7 sections connected in series, which are secured using bolted joints and are also mounted on a supporting platform. Motors and electrical panels are installed in the lower part, and all the main moving parts are on the crane boom. Several key features of the KB-309 structure can be identified:
- simplicity of design;
- strong pipe frame;
- high installation speed;
- wind resistance;
- good load-bearing capacity of the boom.
The crane operator's cabin is mounted on the very last section under the boom. The cabin walls are made of sheet metal attached to a frame structure. The inside of the space has a layer of insulation. Inside there are two interior heaters, lighting and all the necessary control indicators, as well as controls.
Tower crane KB-309 can operate at extremely low temperatures
Tower crane is a very popular type of construction equipment, which is used for the construction of multi-story buildings. With the help of these cranes, construction materials are delivered to a certain height, as well as trucks are unloaded. A special feature of the technology is the ability to use them at any level of the building, while covering the entire perimeter of the work area. However, despite their productivity, tower cranes are considered more difficult to operate than truck-based mobile cranes.
Productivity of special equipment
The tower-mounted KB-309HL is used on construction sites of any type, and the operating temperature range of the equipment varies from -60 to +40 degrees. The low temperature threshold allows this crane to be used in any harsh conditions. In winter, carriages, rotating disks and cables are lubricated with special solutions.
The total lifting capacity of the crane is about 6-8 tons, depending on the boom radius.
The lifting speed can be adjusted by the operator, and the maximum is 10 meters per minute. Thanks to powerful electric motors, a tower crane weighing 70,000 kg is capable of rotating around its axis at a speed of 0.75 rpm. The speed of movement of the crane itself along the rail tracks is 30 meters per minute.
Technical description
The technical characteristics of the KB-309 crane allow for simultaneous lifting and moving to the side with a load. The operation of all key components is completely synchronized, so there are no significant jerks or twitches when lifting loads. Additionally, the equipment has a brake that automatically stops the lifting cable at a certain level. The high-quality design makes the KB-405 tower crane also very popular.
General technical parameters of the crane:
- base crane – KB-309;
- power unit – electric motor with a power of 59 kW;
- load capacity – 6-8 tons;
- load moment – 125 t*m;
- boom reach – 25 meters;
- maximum height – 37 meters;
- load lifting speed – 10 m/min;
- lowering speed – 3 m/min;
- rotation speed – 0.75 rpm;
- total weight of the tower crane is 70,600 kg.
Additionally, external lighting and a sound signal with a siren are installed on the tower crane to alert operating personnel during strong winds. If necessary, auxiliary safety devices and stopping systems are installed to allow work with large loads in strong winds. In the factory configuration, the KB-309 has several options for hanging systems, in particular with a double hook, with grips or a single standard construction hook.
Purchase options
You can buy a KB-309 crane inexpensively without attachments, in particular on the secondary market without electrical panels, carriages or signaling devices. The price of equipment may vary not only depending on its specific configuration, but also on the number of installed sections. The greater the height of the crane, the higher its cost. Since the KB-309 is not currently in production, it is possible to purchase the equipment only on the secondary market from private individuals. The crane should be purchased with all the necessary documents, as well as maintenance logs. The KB-309 sold without logs and reports has a relatively low cost. The original color of the tower crane of this model is considered to be bright yellow.
KB 309 technical specifications
Cranes of the KB-309 series are used for mechanization of construction and installation work during the construction of 5- and 9-story buildings, for loading and unloading operations. It is allowed to operate cranes with mounted single-rope grabs, portable bins (tubs) and an electromagnetic washer.
The KB-309 tower crane with a lifting capacity of 8 tons is equipped with a lifting boom with a reach of 12.5 - 25 m and a maximum lifting height of 37 m.
The KB-309HL tower crane has been mass-produced since 1984. It is intended for mechanization of construction and installation work during the construction of residential and administrative buildings at ambient temperatures from minus 60°C to plus 40°C. For work in areas with cold climates, metal structures are made on the crane from low alloy steels; electrical cabinets and electrical equipment are equipped with electric heaters to function normally at low temperatures. The driver's cabin is lined with thin-sheet steel on the outside and chipboard on the inside. The cavities between the claddings are filled with fire-resistant heat-insulating materials. Sloterm heating panels are installed under the floor and on the walls of the cabin. The KB-309HL crane is unified with the KB-100.0A-1S crane, but differs from it in higher lifting capacity, load torque and operating speeds of the load, since the power of the electric motor of the cargo winch has been increased to 30 kW.
The KB-309AHL tower crane is designed for mechanization of construction and installation works. The crane is designed for mechanization of construction and installation work during the construction of 5-story residential, industrial and administrative buildings from elements weighing up to 8 tons in areas with cold climates at ambient temperatures from minus 60°C to plus 40°C. Mobile crane (at rail), full-rotary (with a rotating tower). Equipped with standardized mechanisms, it is mounted and dismantled using its own mechanisms and a truck crane with a lifting capacity of 10 tons. The crane is transported assembled by a road train on a dolly. During installation, the towers of KB-309AHL cranes and its main modifications are raised to a vertical position in a fully assembled form.
The KB-309-01.AHL tower-type loader crane with a lifting capacity of 5.10 tons is designed for mechanization of construction and installation work during the construction of low-rise residential, cultural, public and industrial buildings, for loading and unloading operations at warehouse construction sites, supply bases , polygons of reinforced concrete products and other works. Equipped with a beam boom.
Tower cranes KB-309-03.AHL and KB-309-03.AHL-01 are designed for mechanization of construction and installation work during the construction of residential, industrial and administrative buildings and structures with a height of up to 9 storeys, with lifting building elements weighing up to 8 t.
The KB-309-04.AHL loader crane is designed for mechanization of construction and installation work during the construction of low-rise buildings, for loading and unloading work at warehouse facilities, concrete sites, DSK and other work with elements up to 10 tons. The crane can be operated with a single-rope grab and an electromagnetic washer. The crane provides vertical and horizontal movement of the load when the reach changes with both a horizontal and an inclined boom.
The KB-309-05.AHL loader crane is designed for the mechanization of loading and unloading operations when servicing warehouse facilities, timber transshipment depots and rail warehouses, at reinforced concrete sites, DSK and other similar facilities, subject to operating conditions. The crane provides vertical and horizontal movement of loads when the reach changes. A loader crane with a beam boom on the portal ensures the passage of railway platforms and cars. The crane is designed for operation in areas with cold climates at ambient temperatures from minus 60°C to plus 40°C. Operation of the crane is allowed in windy areas I-VI.
KB-309 cranes of all modifications were produced at the Ukhta Mechanical Plant of the Ministry of Construction and Dormash.
Main technical characteristics of the KB-309 tower crane
| Maximum load capacity: | |
| - with 2-fold refill | 5 t |
| - with 4-fold reserve | 8 t |
| Maximum lift height | 37 m |
| Maximum lowering depth | 5 m |
| Departure: | |
| — maximum | 25 m |
| - minimal | 12.5 m |
| - at maximum load capacity | 15.6 m |
| Base | 4.5 m |
| Track | 4.5 m |
Main technical characteristics of the KB-309HL tower crane
| Load moment, t m | 125 |
| Load capacity, t | 5 — 8 |
| Reach, m | 25 — 15,6 |
| Height, m | 22 — 37 |
| Engine power, kW | 58,1 |
| Speeds, m/min: | |
| rise | 10 |
| smooth lowering | 3 |
| crane movement | 29,7 |
| crane rotation, rpm | 0,75 |
| Total weight, t | 70,6 |
| Structural weight, t | 30,6 |
Technical characteristics of tower cranes in the northern version
Modifications
The industry produced a large number of modifications of tower cranes, which differed in lifting capacity and had design features. Below are descriptions of the parameters of the machines most popular on the construction equipment market.
KB-306
The KB-306 crane appeared in the production program of the Nikopol plant in 1967. The machine is used when performing installation work at a height of up to 50 m. The drive uses electric motors connected to an industrial network with a voltage of 380V. Based on the crane, a modification C 981B was produced, equipped with a beam structure boom. The unit is equipped with guides designed to move the carriage.
R-53 type rails are used as ground guides for the crane. The total weight of the installation is 76.6 tons with a ballast and counterweight weight of 44 tons.
KB-309
In the early 80s, production of the KB-309 crane began, the technical characteristics of which made it possible to work with loads weighing up to 8 tons. The equipment was supplied with a boom with a reach of 12.5-25 m, and a lifting height of no more than 37 m.
To perform installation work in low temperature conditions, the KB-309AHL modification was created. The materials used made it possible to operate the equipment in the temperature range from -60°C to +40°C. The driver's cabin has an insulating lining made of wood-fiber board with additional inserts made of fire-resistant material. There are electric heaters inside. The cargo winch is equipped with an electric motor developing a power of 30 kW.
The KB-309HL1 version is a tower crane-loader designed to move cargo weighing up to 10 tons. The equipment is intended for construction work, operation in warehouses or landfills of reinforced concrete products.
KB-401
The KB-401 tower crane is equipped with a full-rotating boom without a movable carriage, allowing it to lift a load weighing 8 tons. The maximum working height is 60 m. The design of the cable mechanism allows it to maintain the horizontal trajectory of the hook when adjusting the reach length. The crane tower consists of separate sections, which allows the height to be increased as the building is constructed. The production of equipment was carried out by the Nyazepetrovsk Construction Machinery Plant.
The structural elements of the crane have a lattice design with a rectangular cross-section. Steel pipes produced using cold or hot drawing technology are used for manufacturing. The winches, turntable, trolleys and driver's cabin are unified with other models of lifting tower machines.
KB-415
The KB-415 tower crane provides a maximum lifting height of 83 m (with a change in the boom installation angle). The machine is found under the designation STM-37; this version is assembled by a plant located in Kokhma. The lifting capacity of the cranes is 12 tons. The tower and boom are assembled from separate sections, which makes it possible to obtain installations of various configurations. The height is increased using a mounting clip equipped with hydraulic drives.
The operator's workplace is equipped with an electronic control module with a built-in recorder. The device records the operating parameters of the crane; when the power is turned off, the data is not deleted. It is possible to install the cabin at different points along the height of the tower. A special clip is used to move the unit.
KB-473
The KB-473 model, which has a lifting capacity of 8 tons, is equipped with a turret with a stationary support part. A full-rotating boom is mounted on the tower, on which there is a cargo trolley. The equipment has been produced since 1998 by a crane manufacturing plant located in Rzhev. There are several versions of the machine, differing in size and weight.
The standard version has a height of 42.4 m; when extending, it is possible to install reinforcing connections that are attached to the wall of the building being constructed. The sections are installed using a hydraulic auxiliary device. The connection points of the parts are equipped with quick-release fasteners.
Upon special order, modification 473-02 is available, equipped with a support platform with wheel pairs. The unit moves along rail tracks. It is possible to fix the tower to the wall of the building.
KB-503
The KB-503 tower crane is equipped with a rotating vertical part on which a beam-type boom is located. At the base there is a movable support that moves along the rail tracks. The equipment is used in the construction of residential or industrial facilities with a height of up to 73 m. The maximum weight of lifted elements is 10 tons. Depending on the height, the machine is used in wind areas of I-III or IV-VII categories.
The boom consists of sections; there are modifications with a unit of standard, increased or reduced length. It is possible to work with a horizontal installation of the unit, as well as with an inclination. Changing the boom angle is used to achieve a higher working height.
The KB-503B version is distinguished by the design of the support platform, on which 3 rotating mechanisms are located. The installation and cargo winches have a unified design. The number of additional sections of the tower has been increased, while the guides for installing the lift have been removed. The driver's cab is frameless, with improved visibility. Tinted glass was used and contactless control equipment of the “Radius” model was installed.
KB-504
The KB-504 machine was created on the basis of the previous model, some of the components are interchangeable. The technique is used in the construction of buildings up to 24 floors high; there is a version with an increased height (up to 27 floors). The boom has a variable length, the maximum reach is 50 m. It is possible to work with the unit raised up. The operator enters the cabin using an electric lift, but there are versions without an elevator. All modifications are produced by the Karacharovsky plant.
When installing and dismantling the crane, control is used using a remote control. A radio station is located in the driver's cab, providing stable communication at a distance of up to 1 km.
KB-515
KB-515 is a tower crane manufactured in Odintsovo, designed for mechanization of work during the construction of buildings up to 95 m high. The maximum permissible load weight is 10 tons. The mounting frame is equipped with hydraulic equipment used to increase the height of the tower. The design of the unit makes it possible to increase the length in cramped conditions. The crane is installed on the site with the boom lowered down.
In 2010, the installation was modernized, the produced cranes were updated to the new standard. The product is supplied to customers in 8 different versions, which have technical and operational differences.
KB-572
The KB-572 crane, installed on rail guide tracks, is intended for use in timber warehouses. The design allows the machine to be used in the construction of buildings. Instead of a hook, a grab or magnetic grip can be installed. Production of the basic version and the improved modification KB-572B was carried out in Perm and Nikopol. The modernized machine features an extended boom and improved electrical equipment.
The base of the crane is a U-shaped portal that allows the passage of standard gauge railway cars. Running trolleys are installed at the corners of the portal frame. On top there is a rotating device and a 4-sided tower made of lattice trusses. The equipment is equipped with a triangular profile lattice boom assembled from several sections. There is a flooring on the boom that serves for the passage of maintenance personnel. A safety fence has been installed along the decking.
