Design and adjustment of the mower KS-2, 1

Manual. Mower KS-F-2.1B

The mower is used for mowing natural and seeded grass.

Brief technical characteristics.

Productivity per 1 hour of main work is 1.25 - 2.3 hectares. Working width - 2.1 m. Operating speeds - 6 - 12 km/h. The average cutting height is 60 mm (natural grasses) and 80 mm (seeded grasses). Finger pitch - 76.2 mm. The eccentricity of the crank mechanism is 32 mm. Aggregated with tractors, traction class - 0.6; 0.9; 1.4. Weight - 225 kg.

General device.

The mower consists of a frame, a cutting device, a drawbar, a connecting rod and a drive with a mechanism for lifting the cutting device. Technological process of work - when the mower moves, the grass is cut by the cutting device and laid on the ground in swaths.

Mower frame (Fig. 1)

— used to connect the mower to the tractor attachment. It consists of a frame 1, a transport hook 2 and a rod 3, a rack 4, a hinge axis 5, front 8 and 9 rear posts.

Figure 1. Mower frame.

Drawbar(Fig. 2)

- serves to connect the cutting device to the mower frame. Consists of the following main assembly units: bracket 1, drawbar 2, corrugated sectors 5 and washer 4, bracket 6, shoe hinge 7 and eccentric bushing 8.

Figure 2. Drawbar with shoe joint and tilt device.

Cutting apparatus (Fig. 3)

- designed for cutting grass. Consists of a finger bar 14, a knife head 1, a guide knife head 2, a knife head cover 3, an internal shoe 4, a branch rod 5, an external shoe 6, a field board 7 with a stem branch, a finger 8, a finger liner 9, a knife segment 10, a clamp knife 11, knife back 12 and friction plate 13.

Fig. 3. The cutting apparatus of the mower with a cut along the finger.

Technological process

— when the cutting device moves, the grass gets between its fingers, the blades of the segments press the grass to the cutting edges of the shear plates of the fingers and cut it off. The cut grass falls over the finger beam and lies on the ground in a swath. The deflector rod diverts the cut grass away from the knife head. The field board with a stem outlet frees up space from the cut grass for the subsequent passage of the inner shoe and the right wheels of the tractor.

Adjustments:

Position of the fingers on the finger bar - the shear plates of the fingers should be located in the same plane to facilitate the installation of the required clearance in the cutting pairs.

This is achieved by bending the finger or placing shims between the fingers and the finger bar.

Permissible deviation is no more than 0.3 mm.

The distance between the fingers should be constant and equal to 76.2 mm. Permissible deviation 3 mm.

The size of the gap between the stops (shoulders) of the fingers - the gap should not exceed 0.3 mm. With a larger gap, the fastening of the fingers on the finger bar is weakened, which leads to an increase in the gaps between the segments and fingers, as a result of which the quality of grass cutting deteriorates. This can also cause a knife or finger to break. Eliminate by pulling back the finger stops without heating.

Position of the segments on the back of the knife - the segments should be located in the same plane. The permissible deviation at the tops of the segments should not exceed 0.3 mm. Adjustment is achieved by straightening the back of the knife and segments.

The position of the knife segments relative to the fingers - the gap between the cutting edges of the segments and fingers should be 0 - 0.3 mm at the tops of the segments, and 0.3 - 1.0 mm at the base.

With small gaps, premature wear of the segments and counterplates of the fingers occurs, the resistance to the movement of the knife in the finger bar increases, which in turn leads to breakage of the parts of the cutting apparatus and its drive mechanism.

Device

The single-bar mower model KSF 2.1-B consists of the following main components:

• a metal frame on which all other elements of equipment are mounted and the attachment is attached to the power unit;
• a drawbar connecting the cutting elements to the mower frame;
• working unit with cutting elements (fingers);
• a connecting rod connecting the cutting elements to the drive mechanism;
• The drive of the unit consists of an eccentric pulley, a box, V-belts and a cardan drive.

When the unit is operating, the blade with cutting elements is driven into a forward-reciprocating motion parallel to the surface being processed. The plant stems are pressed by movable blades against the stationary elements of the blade and cut off, placing them in a windrow.

Scheme KSF 2.1-B

• – head of the cutting element; 2. – guide heads; 3. – cover of the cutting element head; 4. – inner shoe; 5. – outlet rod; 6. – outer shoe; 7. – field board; 8. – finger; 9. – finger insert; 10. – segment of the cutting element; 11. – clamping of the cutting element; 12. – back of the knife; 13. – friction plate.

Mower Ks 2 1 Adjustment

The monochrome mower KS-2.1 is designed for mowing natural and seed grasses. The mower consists of a cutterbar, a pull rod, a connecting rod, a driving mower, a frame and a lifting mechanism for lifting the cutterbar. Device:

Cutting machine: consists of knife, finger rod, boots, fingers, friction pads and clamps. During operation of the mower, the cutting device slides along the ground on two shoes (inner and outer), under which there are steel soles, which serve to set the cutting device at different cutting heights depending on the unevenness of the ground. The knife consists of segments, back and head. The knife is located in the grooves of the fingers and moves back and forth in them.

Drawbar Used to connect the cutting device to the mower frame.

The connecting rod connecting the blade to the drive mechanism is a rod (pipe) welded to it at the ends of a threaded bushing and housing.

The mower drive consists of an eccentric pulley, V-belts, a drive pulley box and a cardan shaft.

Adjustment: 1. Adjustment of the position of the knife in the cutting device. Fingers that have a gap between the end of the segment and the liner, or that are raised relative to others, should be loosened by light blows of a hammer on the nose of the pin. A gap of up to 1 mm is allowed between the rear end of the liner and the segment. The knife clamps must touch the segment; if there is a gap, they should be bent into segments with light hammer blows. In the extreme positions of the connecting rod, the middle of the knife segments should not reach the middle of the fingers by 5 mm. This is achieved by changing the length of the connecting rod by rotating it. The knife will not be applied to the outer block because in this case, when the cutting machine is in the transport (vertical) position, the connecting rod will be in place.

Video: Mower Ks 2 1 Adjustment

2. Adjusting the inclination of the cutting unit. If the ground is uneven, the cutter fingers may dig into the ground. To prevent this, the cutting unit should be tilted back. When the grass is dead, the cutting machine should be tilted forward so that your fingers do not crush the grass, and, immersed in the loaded mass, lift it. The tilt of the cutting device forward or backward is rotated by the hinge relative to the traction rod.

Features of operation

To install the equipment on a tractor, it is fixed using longitudinal rods of the tractor hitch and the distance from the ground to their rear ends is set to about 400 mm and the lifting height is not higher than 650 mm. This is necessary to prevent lateral displacement of the frame relative to the central axis of the tractor.

When performing mowing work with a single-bar, fingerless, two-blade mower, model KSF 2.1-B, you should adhere to special rules, which will make its operation longer and safer:

• Only persons who have studied its design and operating instructions are allowed to service the equipment;
• cutting elements must be covered with a protective casing;
• before starting, you must make sure that there are no people behind and in front of the equipment;
• stopping the power unit is carried out while simultaneously turning off the power take-off shaft;
• attaching and removing equipment, as well as its adjustment and maintenance, especially knives, is carried out only when the equipment is finally stopped;
• moving equipment to a new location is carried out only with a protective casing on the working unit.

In this model of mowing equipment, one cutting element is stationary, and the second is movable. The mower is able to cut dead wood, anthills and even low hummocks. The video shows the mowing equipment in action.

Important! It is believed that KSF 2.1-B is best installed on power units such as MTZ-80, 82 and YuMZ, as well as T-25 and T-40.

Specifications

Reviews

An excellent unit, but only for small and flat areas, since the guide teeth of the mower are its weak point. It is worth noting the comfortable processing width and the ability to work at high speeds. I am also pleased with the low weight of the mower and its cost. Overall, we are pleased with the performance of KSF-2 B.

The mower is quite easy to operate, and the tractor driver can easily set up the equipment on his own. Among the advantages of the equipment, the first place is that it very rarely fails, and if necessary, you can easily purchase the required spare parts. Some repairs can be carried out directly on site. After the end of the season and in preparation for the next one, you only need to replace the cutting blade.

This mower is truly a great helper when cutting grass. One of the positive characteristics of the equipment is its efficiency. If, after purchasing the equipment, you carry out routine maintenance on time, then the mower can last quite a long time and trouble-free. During operation, the equipment is practically not clogged with tangled and fallen grass, which increases its efficiency. My impressions from working with this mower are only the most positive.

How to Adjust the Mower KC 2 1

Automatic cutting machine. The main working part of the mower consists of a finger stick and a knife, which performs a reciprocating movement. Finger. it is a strip of steel to which steel pins are attached. At the top of the finger there is a process on the sides. antennas. A steel plate with sharp side edges and recesses for holding cut stems is attached to the finger.

The finger is screwed to the finger. The shoulder of the finger rests on the bundle, keeping the finger from lateral deviation. The antennae of adjacent fingers are pressed against each other and additionally hold the fingers. The finger has a recess for the back of the knife.

The segments, trapezoidal steel plates with sharp side edges, are glued to the back of the knife. A head with a hollow ball is also attached to it. The rod spoons cover the ball, resulting in a spherical layer. The bridge box, hinged to the connecting rod, is placed on the crank pin.

When cutting stems, there are forces that press the back of the knife against the finger beam. Friction plates are attached to the pin to reduce wear. They have a larger hole diameter than the bolt diameter, allowing the plate to move as it wears. Attach the segments to the finger plates. Worn clamps bend from hammer blows.

The finger of each segment should be in contact with the finger plate and the base of the segment. rest on the friction plate. Therefore, there should be a gap of 0.3 between the segment and the rear edge of the pin plate. 0.5 mm

The inner and outer shoes are secured at the ends of the sock. Under each boot there is a slider, the rear end of which can be raised and lowered to adjust the height of the grass cut.

The mowers are equipped with regular and low cutting machines.

The cutting edges of the segments cut off the stems located between the fingers. Segment edge. this is both the cutting blade and the fixed edge of the finger plate. the controversial part. The segment cuts the plant only when the segment blade moves along the edge of the finger plate. Thus, the cutting device works on the principle of scissors.

If the speed of the segment is insufficient, the segment blade smooths the stem, then breaks part of the fibers, separates a part, cuts off the rest or tears off; significant efforts must be reduced. As the segment speed increases, the cutting surface becomes smoother and the number of broken fibers and cutting force decreases. However, this increases the inertia forces in the crank mechanism, increases the wear of rubbing parts and the energy consumption when idling the knife.

The speed of the knife is constantly changing. In the extreme (dead) position of the segment, its speed is zero, then it gradually increases to a maximum and again decreases to zero.

The mowers have smooth-edged segments with a sharpening angle of about 19°. The side and front edges of the segment are hardened. The segment must be sharpened in a timely manner, because when using a blunt segment, the force of cutting plants increases sharply, the quality of the cut deteriorates, and the height of the cut increases.

Cutting a plant with a jagged segment requires much more effort than a smooth segment, but jagged segments do not need to be sharpened. The cutting segment securely holds the stems in the cutting pair and cuts them satisfactorily.

The segment of a conventional cutting machine must move in the interlayer space at maximum speed. To do this, in the dead position of the knee, the axis of symmetry of the segments must coincide with the axis of symmetry of the fingers: the cutting device must be in the center. If the device is not centered, then due to the decrease in speed in the cutting zone, the segments do not cut part of the stems and pull them into the spaces between the segments and fingers. The cutting device becomes clogged, the resistance of the knife increases sharply, which leads to breakage of the connecting rod or rupture of the knife bar.

Technical characteristics of the segment mower

The main indicators are presented in the table:

The cost of the devices is not so high compared to the benefits they can bring:

• heavy unproductive manual labor is eliminated;
• the cost per unit of production is reduced several times;
• Product losses in the field are reduced by laying the mowing in rows.

Video on the topic: Mowing grass with a segment mower KS-2.1

Modifications

Mowers of this brand are still the most popular and widespread in the Russian Federation, successfully working in the fields of collective and private farms. Such high demand is also achieved due to the variability of equipment design - the KSF-2.1 mower can be presented in different modifications:

• Fingerless.
• Equipped with the German Schumacher cutting system.
• With a hydraulic cylinder in the lifting mechanism and others.

Among them, the most popular is KSF-2.1B4, which, in comparison with the base model, is equipped with a more reliable frame and a reliable cutting tool beam. In addition, it provides easier adjustment of the inclination of the segmented blade and higher safety device capabilities.

Its “sister” KSF-2.1V requires more tractor power, but at the same time has a lighter weight and mechanized lifting via a hydraulic cylinder.

Technical characteristics of mower modifications:

The video shows the KSF-2.1 B mower in action: