Category of rights to an excavator: stages of training, nuances

Operating special equipment requires not only experience, but also relevant documents. Many people consider the profession of an excavator to have lost its relevance, but construction, surface laying, and road cleaning cannot do without this equipment. Novice drivers are often interested in what licenses are needed to drive a backhoe loader and whether it is possible to increase their experience. All this should be known to anyone planning to start a career in this field.

Not only an excavator operator of category “C” can operate excavator equipment, but also someone who has completed a training course and received a “B” certificate, because it also applies to excavator technology.

Where do they train to become drivers of self-propelled and special vehicles?

To qualify for an excavator, you must take courses at a special training center. Students are allowed into the park of special equipment within the category of rights, as well as into a site equipped for obtaining practical skills and driving a car.

For information: the training period depends on actual driving experience, but usually it is about 45 days. Knowledge and practical skills are checked by a Gostekhnadzor specialist; this organization produces and issues licenses.

How to choose a training center for training and obtaining a license? On average, such establishments should have:

state permit and license to conduct training;
a place for practical training;
a fleet for special equipment that meets the training requirements of each category.

Upon confirmation of the order and approval of the invoice amount, a message will be received electronically within 24 hours confirming the success of the transaction.

Students are allowed to enter the special equipment park within the category of acquired rights, as well as to a site equipped to obtain practical driving skills.

Requests to candidates

Not everyone can operate a mini tractor, loader, excavator or other self-propelled equipment. There are certain requirements for candidates. First of all, by the time they passed the exam they had to reach the age of majority and have no health contraindications when driving vehicles. To operate, excavator operators must have a good knowledge of special equipment, namely:

understand the device;
be able to perform repair work;
monitor technical condition;
work safely;
operate the vehicle safely;
have practical skills in operating equipment.

During the training process, they study drawings and diagrams that must be understandable to the machine operator. In order to perform your work efficiently and safely, you need to know the characteristics of various soils and bulk materials. Persons who have passed a medical examination are allowed to work.

Training in a driving school with excavator and specialized equipment

Regardless of what kind of license you need (for a loader or an excavator), the teaching methods at a driving school will not be different. It consists of the following stages:

Study of vehicle controls, the meaning of its sensors and indicators, familiarization with technical characteristics and possible breakdowns;
Studying safety rules when working with specialized equipment (both during operation and during maintenance);
Practical course on replacing basic consumables (performed on a mock-up or on real equipment);
Driving on a prepared site (carried out in a car of the appropriate category, under the supervision of a master).

Attention! For all the listed activities, the driver will have to pay about 2,000 rubles. Well, for those car enthusiasts who want to buy the rights to an excavator, this amount will at least double.

What are the minimum categories required to operate a backhoe loader?

To understand what rights are needed for a category “C” excavator loader, you should take into account the specifics of the work or future activity.

For example, if you plan to work on a wheeled excavator with an engine power of no more than 25.7 kW, then category “B” is suitable. The power is indicated in the technical data sheet.

What category of tractor license is needed for a hydraulic lift?

Among inexperienced users, there are many who do not understand exactly what categories of tractor licenses are needed for an excavator. To work with lifting mechanisms, it is necessary to undergo a training procedure in the direction of “Car lift operator”. Depending on the volume of the bucket that the driver works with after training, he is assigned a certain rank (from 5 to 8).

Discharge	Bucket volume (cubic meters)
6	Up to 1,250
5	No more than 0.4
7	From 1.25 to 4
8	From 4 to 9

The driver must know the design features of the machine, the rules of operation, maintenance, and traffic when working with a vehicle on the highway. At the end of the course, qualification certificates (certificate of the worker’s profession) are issued, where the grade is indicated.

To operate a vehicle or a hydraulic lift, you must have a tractor driver’s license (category B, C or D) issued by Gostekhnadzor.

Obtaining licenses and opening categories for working on an excavator

Construction today is a rapidly developing industry in many countries. Thanks to technical and industrial progress, the demand for all construction, engineering and other specialties is increasing. Among other things, specialists who have the skills to operate heavy special equipment are extremely popular. It is no longer surprising that a forklift driver often has a salary higher than a mid-level manager with a higher education or even two. Against this background, the number of citizens who want to obtain qualifications in this area and have a stable high income is increasing. How to obtain such a qualification, what requirements must be met, and what category is needed - everything needs to be sorted out.

B allows you to work on special vehicles with a tracked or wheeled drive with a power of up to 25.7 kW.
C allows you to work on wheeled machines with a power of 25.7–110.3 kW. Suitable for loaders and light vehicles.
D allows for work with wheeled machines with a power of 110.3 kW or more. Suitable for both medium and heavy vehicles.
E allows control of tracked equipment with a power of 25.7 kW. Suitable for bulldozers, crawler excavators and other heavy machines.

24 Dec 2022 marketur 925
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Driving lessons

The course program contains general theoretical knowledge about the design of self-propelled machines, technical concepts about their operation, and safety rules when operating an excavator. The theoretical part of the course is supplemented and supported by practical exercises, which allows you to master the basic elements of vehicle control and learn how to perform the necessary set of operations related to this control.

An organization providing training in the operation of an excavator or other special equipment must have a certain material and technical base for this, which includes:

special equipment for each category to be trained;
management training platform;
training license and government approval.

Excavator driver training courses are included in the curriculum:

basic information about the structure and operating principles of excavator equipment of the required configuration;
precautions when working with vehicles and at production sites;
mastering practical skills in working with an excavator and working equipment;
theoretical information about the types of soils and rocks that need to be worked with, and the features of working with them.

Taking courses and receiving a certificate of completion of a licensing program does not mean that you can work on an excavator of any modification.

Training period

The duration of training in most cases depends on the level: professional, retraining or advanced training. It will take about 3-4 months to obtain a state-issued excavator driver's license. It is not always possible to pass the certification the first time; some require several attempts.

For information: professional development and retraining takes much less time - from 2 to 6 weeks. Distance learning or correspondence is allowed if it is not possible to take time away from production. However, this is only a theory, because you cannot do without practice.

Cost of education

The price of education in Russian cities varies greatly, on average from 11 to 16 thousand rubles. Often schools offer additional practice, costing from 2.5-4 thousand for one lesson on an excavator. Distance courses are cheaper, but without practice, passing the exam will be much more difficult.

It is impossible to operate heavy self-propelled equipment without knowledge of the design and operation of the machine and practical skills. To master a new working profession, you must undergo training and pass exams at Gostekhnadzor.

Increase in rank

Operators of self-propelled vehicles who plan to work with more powerful equipment undergo advanced training. After training, a certificate (and on its basis - a document from Gostekhnadzor) of the 4th class is issued. The driver can operate an excavator with one bucket with a volume of up to 0.15 cubic meters. If desired, the capacity of digits increases to 8.

To improve your qualifications, you need to undergo training (retraining), and then pass exams at Gostekhnadzor. Working on more powerful models of self-propelled vehicles requires more experience and is more difficult, so the salaries of such specialists increase. After completing the courses, you need to be a driver’s assistant for some time and gain work experience, only after that you can apply for the position of operator.

Exams

The following persons are allowed to take the exam for the right to independently own a vehicle:

a) at the age of 16 years and older for self-propelled vehicles of category “A I”; 17 years old: “B”, “C”, “E”, “F”; 18 years – for self-propelled vehicles of category “D”; 19 years - for self-propelled vehicles of categories “A II”, “A III”; 22 years old - category “A IV”;
b) have passed a medical examination and have a standard medical certificate of approval for operation of vehicles of the relevant categories (hereinafter referred to as the medical certificate);
c) who have received professional training or have undergone training in specialties (professions) related to the management of self-propelled vehicles of the relevant types.

This ensures continuity of operation and avoids downtime caused by breakdowns.

Excavator driver certificates are issued after successfully passing examination tests. Like training, they are divided into 2 stages - theory and practice. During the theoretical part, the future machine operator must answer questions on the ticket to demonstrate his knowledge of the safe operation of the machine, traffic rules and other basics.

In practice, it is necessary to demonstrate driving skills and the ability to operate a self-propelled vehicle, but this stage includes 2 stages:

You will need to practice the exercises on the race track.
Work on a work route that is prepared specifically for the exam.

All data obtained during training is recorded by the inspector.

The validity of a driver's license for self-propelled vehicles is 10 years. This document must then be replaced with a new one, which will be valid at the time of replacement.

Exam

After completing the courses at the training center, the student is awarded a certificate. The applicant is sent with him to take the exam.

Passing the excavator license exam

The final exam is organized and conducted by the territorial body of Gostekhnadzor. The procedure for passing it consists of two parts: the first is a test of theoretical knowledge, the second is a demonstration of practical skills. Only persons who were able to successfully complete the theoretical tasks are allowed to take part in the second part.

A candidate for a driver's license must demonstrate in practice the ability to operate an excavator on a tractor track, as well as perform various special operations on a simulated work route.

Based on the results of passing the exam, the commission draws up a protocol, which is the basis for assigning the qualification of a tractor driver.

What documents does a driver need to have with him?

Every driver of self-propelled vehicles should know what documents they must have in order to avoid problems when checking them at work. First of all, this:

Certificate of required category and unloading.
Vehicle registration.
A certificate confirming ownership or a power of attorney to use a special machine is required.
Experienced drivers do not forget about a travel card, a coupon for the right to use and an insurance policy.

An employee may be allowed to operate an excavator only after receiving a medical commission.

Retraining and upgrading

Having a Class B driver's license, sooner or later people think about increasing their current rank. And this is quite logical. After all, working in only one direction (digging trenches, collecting soil or clearing areas) you won’t earn much money. You can requalify as follows:

Take practical courses at a specialized driving school (in order to switch to more powerful and heavier equipment, a person needs to gain some skills in driving it);
Submit an application to Gostekhnadzor, attaching a new extract from the educational institution to the list of documents;
Take the re-exam on site.

It is important to know! If all of the above points are completed correctly, the driver will be issued a new backhoe loader license, with an additional category and expanded responsibilities indicated in special notes.

Get a license for special equipment or buy them?

It may seem like it takes a long time to complete a training program. Most people, seeing offers on the Internet to buy rights to special equipment, believe that this is an excellent solution. However, there are many pitfalls, not to mention the fact that it is illegal and entails criminal liability. You can get caught in a scam and end up with a “counterfeit” with fake stamps and signatures, or lose your money.

Accelerated training is now available under programs approved by the ministry. The course can be completed remotely without interrupting your work. Upon completion of the course, the student will be entitled to special equipment in the category for which the program is provided and a new certificate.

How to quickly get your license

Choose an accelerated learning program - this is a rational decision if you want to save time and money.

Companies offer to take the course in the most convenient mode:

Full-time education, attending classes at an educational institution. It is also possible to study by correspondence with teachers, visiting specialists only for the exam.
Remotely. It is possible to receive study materials via the Internet and take the exam online.

In order not to stop their work and not to come to the place of training in person, many scammers offer visitors to order licenses for special equipment such as tractors, excavators and other equipment, but this is contraindicated by law. You can only get a license in 2 places - at the Gostekhnadzor department at your place of residence or study.