Motoblock MTZ 05: technical characteristics

MTZ-05 is designed for agricultural work in small areas and is quite capable of replacing a small tractor. In addition to fields, this technique can be used to cultivate personal plots, improve gardens, parks and school grounds. Thanks to its maneuverability and small dimensions, the device is ideal for work in greenhouses. Special mounts located on the walk-behind tractor allow you to work with a whole range of attachments, which turns it into a multifunctional machine. Using MTZ 5 hp. Can:

loosen and cultivate the soil;
treat row spacing;
plow light soil;
to sow;
dig up root crops;

In addition, “Belarus 5” makes it possible to mow tall grasses and small growth.

Thanks to its robust design and large gears, the MTZ 05 easily moves trailers weighing up to 0.6 tons.

When equipped with a seat for the operator, the walk-behind tractor becomes a full-fledged vehicle that develops good speed on level ground. Belarus MTZ 05 can also be used as a stationary engine. In this case, a power take-off shaft is used.

About the history of the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor

In 1978, the Minsk Tractor Plant launched a series of five new products from the category of small agricultural machinery: a four-wheeled 12-horsepower mini-tractor "MTZ-082" and two-wheeled walk-behind tractors with a capacity of 5, 6, 8 and 12 hp. The most popular of them was “MTZ-05”. This model of walk-behind tractor was “registered” on the assembly line until 1992, when it was replaced by the MTZ-09N model, which had a more powerful and at the same time more economical engine.

Along with Minsk, walk-behind tractors of this brand in the late 80s and early 90s were also produced at the Smorgon Aggregate Plant (Smorgon, Grodno region). Over the years of production, tens of thousands of MTZ-05 walk-behind tractors were made, which found their buyers not only in the Soviet Union, but also in many other countries (mainly in the former socialist camp).

Advantages and disadvantages

The main advantages of this model, according to users and experts, are:

affordable cost of walk-behind tractor;
a large number of operations available to perform;
the ability to install a huge number of types of attachments;
engine efficiency;
unpretentiousness to the quality of the fuel used;
long service life;
unpretentiousness to carrying out repair work.

There are two disadvantages . The first of them is the lack of a full set of new original components for old-style walk-behind tractors. The manufacturing plant stopped producing them. The problem is solved very simply, since other manufacturers offer similar spare parts manufactured under license from the Minsk plant. The second problem is the obsolescence of the model on the domestic market. But this applies only to the first generation of walk-behind tractors, produced on the territory of the Soviet Union. On the other hand, in terms of reliability, this walk-behind tractor can give odds to many Chinese models produced nowadays.

Be sure to read: Cultivator for tractor MTZ 82

The purpose of the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor on the farm and its distinctive features

Initially, the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor was intended for cultivating soil in those small areas where it was difficult or impossible to use tractors. Namely, in personal plots and local areas, in greenhouses and school experimental farms, in parks, gardens and vegetable gardens. It easily copes with tasks such as plowing low-density soils, harrowing, cultivating, inter-row cultivation of various vegetable crops (hilling up, loosening, weeding). In addition, for digging up root crops, for cutting grass, transporting loads weighing up to five hundred kilograms, and for stationary work with a power take-off shaft.

Motoblock "MTZ-05" with a plow.

The agricultural machine copes with all these tasks with dignity. Due to the peculiarities of its design, the walk-behind tractor can be used in a wide variety of fields, with all kinds of agricultural crops. Its strong point is that the track width of the walk-behind tractor can be changed (options: 425, 600 and 700 mm), in accordance with the width of the rows in each specific field or garden. This is possible thanks to the original design: the MTZ-05 does not have a frame, its body is assembled from several components of the transmission. As a result, a variety of agricultural crops can be processed on a walk-behind tractor without harming these plants.

The two-wheeled chassis is equipped with a reversible steering bar, which is capable of turning over a wide range. In such a way that the operator of the walk-behind tractor when working can not necessarily walk behind it, but next to it, for example, on the side. Of course, this makes the work much easier. As well as a simple, easy-to-use folding stand (footrest) at the front under the engine. Another distinctive feature of the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor is its heavier total weight compared to modern walk-behind tractors: 135 kilograms excluding attachments. A massive walk-behind tractor works more stably, without periodically burying itself in the ground.

Timing belt and carburetor maintenance

When the engine is running, it is necessary to periodically adjust the gaps between the valves and rocker arms of the gas distribution mechanism. Changes in settings occur due to wear of the working surfaces, general degradation of the unit, and loosening of fasteners. Adjustment procedure:

Remove the valve cover.
Set the crankshaft to the TDC position during the compression stroke.
Use a flat feeler gauge with a nominal value of 0.15 mm to check the gap. If it is within normal limits, the mechanism does not need to be adjusted.
Unscrew the locknut securing the adjusting screw.
Screw in the adjuster, adjusting the required gap.
Tighten the locknut, controlling the position of the rocker arm.
Check that the procedure is performed correctly. If the gap changes when tightening the locknut, repeat the steps taking into account the corrections.
Reassemble in reverse order.

Additional Information!

Valve adjustment is carried out on a cold engine.

The carburetor is adjusted periodically. As a rule, this is done at the beginning of each season, but unscheduled adjustments are also possible if the engine runs intermittently. Before the procedure, the carburetor is dismantled, cleaned of dirt and washed.

The setting comes down to setting the minimum and maximum speeds, as well as the quality of the fuel mixture when the engine is idle.

Design and principle of operation of the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor

The main components that make up the classic Minsk walk-behind tractor are the following: engine; chassis; transmission and controls; aggregation system with trailed equipment. The engine is secured in conjunction with the clutch housing. Directly behind the engine is the power transmission mechanism, which includes the clutch; gearbox, main gear, gear differential with forced locking, final drives and PTO - power take-off shaft.

The wheels are mounted on the final drive flanges and equipped with low-pressure pneumatic tires (tire size 5.90-13C, or 6L-12 according to the new classification). The track of the walk-behind tractor is variable and changes along with the rearrangement of the wheels. The five-liter fuel tank is located in front at the top, near the mounting to the steering column housing.

The principle of operation of the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor is as follows: the engine transmits rotational energy through the transmission and clutch to the camshaft, which drives the attachments of attachments (ploughs, cutters, hillers, potato diggers, harrows, rippers, mowers, etc. )

Engine of the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor

The MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor was equipped with a single-cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine UD-15 with a displacement of 245 cubic centimeters and a power of 5 horsepower (3.7 kW). "UD" stands for "Ulyanovsk Engine". “UD-15” is an air-cooled carburetor engine with overhead valves. Rotation speed – 3000 rpm.

Engine "UD-15".

In Soviet times, it was produced by the Ulyanovsk Motor Plant, starting in 1967. This power unit has a simple design; its distinctive features are unpretentiousness and good maintainability. “UD-15” is fully adapted for long-term continuous operation without loss of power in difficult conditions (extremely low or high temperatures, long-term operation under load, etc.)

In terms of power, the UD-15 is almost identical to modern imported 9 hp engines. (the fact is that abroad the engine performance characteristics indicate its maximum power, which it is capable of showing for a short time, and in the USSR - its stable average operating power).

Technical characteristics of the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor

Traction class – 0.1;
Overall dimensions (in millimeters): 1800x850x1070;
Weight – 135 kg;
Ground clearance – 300 mm;
Speed: working – 2.15 km/h; transport - 10 km/h.
Fuel tank capacity – 5 l; average gasoline consumption is 0.35 liters. at one o'clock.

The MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor is equipped with a multi-disc clutch system. Clutch – friction; All mechanisms are lubricated using an oil bath. The clutch and transmission are controlled manually. The gearbox is manual, stepped, “six-speed” (4 forward and 2 reverse gears). The gears of this box are constantly in mesh. The walk-behind tractor is equipped with a differential with inter-wheel locking.

The power take-off shaft is dependent, for working with special active implements. The rated speed of the flywheel is one thousand revolutions per minute.

Attachments in the standard “arsenal” of the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor

Single-body plow PL/1;
Okuchnik KO/2;
Mounted mower KN/1;
Claw cultivator KR/70;
Half-ton semi-trailer PH/0.5;
Harrow BN/50.

All this attachment is connected to the agricultural machine via a hitch unit and helps to significantly expand the capabilities of the MTZ-05. Depending on the tasks that he has to solve. This walk-behind tractor is a universal worker, but all additional accessories for it must be purchased separately.

List of additional equipment

As mentioned above, Belarus 09N walk-behind tractors can become universal agricultural machines if you use attachments. This includes:

Attachments for Belarus 09N

universal plow;
tillage cutter;
cultivator-harrow;
walk-behind trailer;
rotary mower;
a seat that allows you to use Belarus 09N as a mini-tractor;
weighting agents that facilitate the transportation of goods;
mounted blade;
snow blower;
utility brush;
potato digger;
potato planter;
lugs.

The whole range of attachments will turn working in the garden or on the farm into real pleasure. During the development of the mini-tractor, it was assumed that its main users would be residents of Russia, who have to put up with heavy soils.

The walk-behind tractor is able to move freely on any type of soil thanks to its wide wheels. Ease of control is ensured by a modern steering column. A high-strength multi-tooth differential ensures high reliability during operation.

Attachments for the Belarus 09H walk-behind tractor

Motoblock "MTZ-05": reviews from owners

The MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor is, in the literal sense of the word, a “classic of the genre”, a model that for decades has occupied a leading position in the domestic market of mini-farm equipment. Of course, in the 21st century it is found much less frequently in fields and garden plots. Because the copies released in previous years exhaust their service life and retire. And they were replaced by both a new generation of Belarusian walk-behind tractors - “Belarus MTZ-09N”, and a large number of cheaper similar Chinese equipment.

Motoblock "MTZ-05" with a trailer.

Nevertheless, in many agricultural regions of Russia and the former republics of the Union, MTZ-05 walk-behind tractors continue to work properly. Indeed, with the liquidation of collective and state farms, the importance of mini-agricultural machinery in rural areas and its use increased significantly.

The vast majority of owners of MTZ-05 walk-behind tractors speak only positively about this agricultural machine. According to them, the walk-behind tractor copes with all tasks one hundred percent; It works stably and reliably, like a Kalashnikov assault rifle. It causes virtually no trouble to its owner: maintenance is minimal (“I unscrew the spark plug once a year, clean it of carbon deposits,” etc.), the design is simple, and maintainability is excellent. It only takes a short time to “get used to” this technique and master the skills of working with it. Although for this device, of course, you need to be a physically healthy and fairly strong person.

Many rural craftsmen “got the hang of it” to such an extent that they improved the design of the walk-behind tractor in their own way: by attaching a tractor seat on motorcycle wheels to it. And thereby turning a “pedestrian” tractor into a “comfortably seated” one. (As an option: a car seat on wheels).

Motoblock "MTZ-05": homemade "comfort modification".

One of the shortcomings in operation is the lack of clarity of gear shifting (“I put the walk-behind tractor in neutral, turned off the engine, and when I started it, the walk-behind tractor suddenly “came to life” and drove off”). Also: disabling the differential lock requires very serious physical effort, and this operation must be performed every time you turn.

Device

The MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor was developed almost 50 years ago. Since then, technology has come a long way. Despite the fact that this Belarus is practical, sometimes you may want to replace the motor. In this case, there should not be any special problems.

Engine

There are a large number of motors of different manufacturers and power on the market. The simplest Chinese motors are equivalent in quality to Russian ones, but their price is lower. One of them is Lianlong. It is certified to comply with all European quality standards and is of high quality.

But it is clearly inferior to the Japanese Lifan and Honda in terms of operating hours. Manufacturers from the Land of the Rising Sun are considered the best in this business.

Lianlong LL-160F engine Honda GX160 engine Lifan 168 F-2 engine

When choosing a motor, you should pay attention to the following characteristics:

number of cylinders;
power;
maximum speed;
maintainability.

As a result, you need to find the perfect balance in terms of price and quality.

Valves

Under prolonged or heavy loads on the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor, the valves shift. As a result, the amount of fuel supplied changes, and Belarus-05 begins to work incorrectly.

In normal condition, the valve clearance should be from 0.1 to 0.15 mm.

If the gap is increased, then specific noise appears from the engine, and the required amount of fuel does not flow into it.

Adjusting valve clearance

If you have any doubts about this, you should check them immediately. Using a thin blade, thickness from 0.1 to 0.15 mm, you can adjust the position of the valves:

Loosen the nut a little;
Place a blade under it and return the nut to its original position;
Turn the flywheel several times;
The valve must operate freely, but no gap is allowed;
If a gap appears or the flywheel does not rotate, perform the adjustment again.

Carburetor

If the MTZ walk-behind tractor produces unstable engine speeds, then the carburetor should be adjusted. It is recommended to carry out this work before the start of sowing, when the equipment has been unused for a long time.

K-45 carburetor diagram

Carburetor adjustment:

Screw in the bolts that regulate the minimum and maximum amount of gas completely and then unscrew them half a turn;
Then move the power plant control lever to the minimum position, while the engine operation should not stop;
The throttle adjusting screw will help you adjust the idle speed so that the engine runs correctly without any extraneous noise;
Using the screws, you should correctly adjust the amount of fuel supplied. If you tighten it, it decreases, if you loosen it, then the flow of fuel increases.

To check whether the carburetor on the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor has been configured correctly, let the engine run and then remove the spark plug. If it is clean without foreign impurities, then this indicates the correct setting.

Important! Before starting adjustments, you should always warm up the walk-behind tractor engine.

If carbon deposits appear on the spark plug, the cause may be either the carburetor or more serious failures.

Clutch

An important element during engine operation is the clutch. Therefore, you should know how to configure it correctly.

Two options for clutch failure:

When the lever is fully depressed, the MTZ-05 tries to move. This means that he is being led. In this situation, tighten the adjusting screw slightly.
When the clutch is lowered, the walk-behind tractor slips, that is, it either does not produce the necessary power or stops altogether. In this case, the adjusting screw should be slightly tightened.

Video review of precise clutch adjustment on the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor

checkpoint

The gearbox on the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor has 6 steps: 4 for driving forward and 2 for moving backward.

Below is the maximum speed in each forward gear:

Stage I – 2.15 km/h;
Stage II – 3.8 km/h;
III stage – 5.35 km/h;
IV stage – 9.6 km/h.

Maximum gearbox speed when driving backwards:

Stage I – 2.5 km/h;
Stage II – 4.46 km/h.

Video review of the gearbox design for the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor

Transmission repair

Gear

When the operation of the gearbox is accompanied by noise in the gearbox, this is a sign of a shortage or incorrect choice of oil. If it is not there, then you need to add it to the carburetor; if it is, try draining the old oil and adding new oil in accordance with the recommendations in the instructions for use.

If the noise remains, it means the gears have failed. If they are not replaced in time, the consequences can be even worse. It is necessary to periodically check the performance of the gearbox and carry out preventive repairs.

Electric starter

Many owners of MTZ-05 install an electric starter on it instead of the factory one. This makes the process of putting the engine into operation much easier. Because at sub-zero temperatures it often refuses to start.

In order to replace the electric starter, you must first install a battery, since without it the electric starter will not work.

Another important addition to the MTZ is the headlight. It allows you to carry out work even at dusk. It's not included as standard, but it works great with a battery.

Review of the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor with headlight and electric starter

Motoblock "MTZ-05": prices on the secondary market

On the Internet you can find a large number of advertisements for the sale of used MTZ-05 walk-behind tractors. The price for these agricultural machines produced in the late 80s/early 90s ranges from 25,000 to 50,000 rubles. For comparison: the new Minsk walk-behind tractor “Belarus MTZ-09N” costs from 78,000 rubles and more. However, their owners, as a rule, sell used agricultural machines together with the necessary set of additional equipment, and sometimes even spare parts in addition. And for a new one they will need to be purchased for a fee.

In general, the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor entered the glorious history of the Minsk Tractor Plant and domestic agriculture as one of the examples of extremely reliable, unpretentious, easy-to-use and maintain equipment.