About the KAMAZ garbage truck - what it looks like, dimensions, loading type

The auto complex supplies several models to choose from and offers to buy garbage trucks based on KamAZ and MAZ, designed for mechanized loading of solid household waste, its compaction and delivery to the site of neutralization and disposal.

The streets of big cities need special care, since by morning a lot of garbage accumulates and must be removed. But in megacities, garbage must be removed in large quantities, and not every garbage truck can handle it. This is why utilities are so diligent in choosing garbage trucks that are spacious, easy to operate, and have a good appearance. Recently, the choice of many public utilities in megacities has fallen on the KO-440-4M and KO-440-4K1 garbage trucks.

This type of equipment is able to remove household waste in large quantities. Solid waste is loaded from garbage containers directly into the truck without requiring workers to exert much effort. Mechanized loading plays a big role here, and unloading is carried out in the same way. The garbage in the body is compacted and compacted using special plates, which makes it possible to load as much waste as possible.

Components of a garbage truck:

• roomy body with rear cover;
• side manipulator;
• push plate for pressing waste;
• hydraulic and electrical control systems;

An impressive feature and advantage of this model is the ability to load the body from the side, which makes working with such vehicles easier; it can be used in any season, even at temperatures from minus twenty to plus forty degrees Celsius. It is also very easy to load waste into such vehicles and nothing falls on the asphalt. After the garbage truck leaves, it remains perfectly clean and the wind does not blow away bags or sheets of paper.

Scope of application

To remove bulk, large-sized building materials from a construction site, collect garbage from city streets, and transport it to a landfill, you need a garbage truck equipped with additional equipment: lifts, grabs.
Reference! Body trucks are used to collect MSW from waste sites; garbage trucks are used to transport waste over long distances.

Under what conditions can the technique be used?

The truck is used in different climatic zones. A wide range of operating temperatures from -50 °C to +60 °C allows the garbage truck to be operated in the summer heat and winter cold. Large special equipment serves from 4 to 6 collection points, small vehicles remove waste from one collection point.

Arrangement of the driver's cabin

The driver of the car works in comfortable conditions . The garbage truck cabin is equipped with modern heating and air conditioning systems. Imported side-loading models have two driver's seats, good visibility, and the driver performs all manipulations without leaving the cab.

Solid waste loading type

Manual loading is used if the garbage is packed in special bags. The loading hole is located at the rear. Containers are tipped over manually or using a manipulator:

• Eurocontainers;
• tanks made in Russia.

What kind of machines are used to collect garbage? Review of brands

Depending on the choice of the enterprise owner, the vehicle fleet can be equipped with Russian or foreign models. The most popular garbage trucks of domestic brands:

• Based on GAZ. This includes modifications of GAZ-51, GAZ-53, M-30, Gazelle.
• Based on ZIL. This category includes models ZIS-5, ZIS-150, KO-440-4, KO-429 and KO-449-10. Also based on this vehicle, the MKM-2 garbage truck was produced.
• With a chassis from Kamaz. These machines are in great demand among customers due to their practicality, increased load capacity, and good reliability. They are easy to repair and the cost is quite affordable. The dimensions of the Kamaz garbage truck differ, the parameters depend on the configuration and model: for example, a vehicle with a 6x4 wheelbase and a standard chassis has dimensions of 8.7 by 2.55 by 3.9 meters. Based on this vehicle, garbage trucks M-71, KO-440-5-7, MKM-4704, 4804, 4605, 4501-4503 were produced. The model became the chassis for MK-18, BM-53229, KO-427 and a number of other vehicles.
• With a base from MAZ. Popular models are BM-500, MAM-3403, 3501, KO-449-33, 449-35, M-50 and others.
• Based on KRAZ (UK-21).
• Based on SCANIA. These garbage trucks are more expensive than their Russian and Belarusian counterparts, but have an increased wear resistance of the wheelbase, a more powerful motor, and are more environmentally friendly.
• Based on Renault. Such trucks are used for transporting oversized waste, since this way an increased volume of waste can be removed at a time.

Most of the cars have a side loading design; cars based on SCANIA and other foreign cars are equipped with a rear garbage feed mechanism. Today, the fleets of waste recycling enterprises include vehicles from Faun, Hyundai, Zoeller, Kommash and other manufacturers. The cost of Russian-made models is an order of magnitude lower, but they more often require repairs. The price of spare parts and consumables for such vehicles is also reduced compared to foreign equipment.

How does the garbage collection fleet work?

Enterprises that use such equipment for collecting and removing waste have the appropriate license; they enter into contracts with municipal organizations and private companies that need regular waste removal. The direct elimination process includes the following steps:

• On the appointed day and time, the waste collection vehicle arrives at the waste collection point. This could be a small landfill, a garbage dump with a small number of containers.
• Waste is loaded using the chosen method into the car's hopper. Today, in most cases, collection is carried out using machinery, which saves on worker labor. Large garbage trucks serve 4-6 collection points, compact vehicles make it possible to remove waste from one dump.
• Transport transports waste to a landfill or a full recycling facility. Modern models are equipped with pressing plates, the work of which is to compact and primary process the contents of the container.
• Waste is discharged at a landfill or processing plant site.

Periodically, the vehicle undergoes preventive maintenance and scheduled repairs; in case of serious damage, the vehicle is sent for diagnostics and repair. More often during operation, the chassis and lift mechanism suffer, since these components face increased mechanical loads. Maintenance is carried out in the garage of the fleet owner or in a third-party workshop that focuses on repairing trucks and long vehicles.

Types of garbage trucks according to the method of loading waste

Machines for regular removal of MSW differ in the loading method. Openings for garbage collection are located at the back, side, and top.

You can read about the main manufacturers of garbage trucks in the article “Russian market of garbage trucks“

Rear loading

Special equipment for removing household waste from garbage cans. The garbage truck is equipped with additional equipment for loading solid waste. The lifting system operates in three modes:

• manual;
• semi-automatic;
• automatic

Raising the body, unload the garbage.

Side loading

The loading and unloading processes are mechanized. Loading is carried out by a manipulator, and solid waste is unloaded using a dump truck. Special vehicles with side loading are used in residential areas. Using a tilter - a claw-shaped grip - garbage from the container is loaded into the receiving section of the hopper.

The hatch and the receiving compartment are located in the side of the body. To push, compact, and eject solid waste in the back of a garbage truck, there are plates of various designs. In modern special vehicles, the operator’s workplace has a video camera, monitor, and control panel.

Multilift

Cars of the multi-lift category are used for removing construction and other large-sized waste without compaction. A replaceable container with a volume of up to 33 m³ is installed on the chassis. Loading and unloading operations are performed by a telescopic hook loader with a lifting capacity of 4-35 tons.

Reference! Garbage trucks based on KAMAZ-65115 are equipped with a multi-lift with a ML16S.54.6 hook loader.

The best option for urban areas

To provide waste removal services, many enterprises purchase a domestic garbage truck based on KAMAZ. The maneuverability and compactness of the equipment allows us to service waste sites located in cramped yards and streets.

Features of operation

After the bucket is filled with waste (for which it is lowered down using a hydraulic lift), a push plate is activated, compacting the waste so that more of it will fit in the body. For better distribution, a hydraulic spreader is used.

Photo of garbage truck KO-440

When all the trash cans are emptied, the car goes to the next dump. This happens until it is fully loaded, after which it goes to the city landfill, where the body is unloaded automatically by tipping it back (according to the tipper principle). The pusher plate helps empty the body faster.

Rear loading vehicle, characteristics

Special vehicles for garbage collection based on KAMAZ ensure the cleanliness of courtyards and streets of Russian cities. Their technical characteristics and equipment meet the requirements of public utilities. Unlike imported machines for the collection and removal of solid waste, the chassis of Russian cars is not optimal in design, but is easy to operate, affordable, and repairable.

Full mass

Rear-loading vehicles are actively replacing side-loading garbage truck models. Due to compaction, they remove a larger volume of solid waste. The total weight of a vehicle based on KAMAZ is 15.5-25.2 tons.

Power plant power

Special equipment is installed on the KAMAZ-43253 multifunctional truck. Power unit characteristics:

• 6 cylinders;
• intercooling;
• turbocharging;
• rated power 178 hp. With.

Important! Diesel fuel consumption is 22.3 liters per 100 km.

Cargo compartment volume

The performance of a KAMAZ-based garbage truck depends on the dimensions of the receiver and storage unit.

Maximum load in t

The compaction coefficient parameter determines the maximum load of a specialized vehicle.

Loading capacity of loading mechanism

The number of sites cleared of debris depends on the operation of the capture mechanism - speed, load capacity.

KamAZ as a basis for a garbage truck

The municipal garbage truck on the KamAZ 4308 chassis is a rather unique piece of equipment, since, unlike other domestic brands, these vehicles have gained the greatest popularity due to their consumer qualities. Today, KamAZ 5320 is used as the basis for special equipment. The main advantages of using a KamAZ vehicle as a platform for a garbage truck:

• reliability and unpretentiousness;
• different operating modes;
• the ability to install any equipment;
• fuel efficiency;
• high productivity;

Compared to other domestic brands, KamAZ trucks have much greater potential for use. It is also easier to find the necessary spare parts and consumables for these cars, the cost of which is quite low. In addition to acceptable consumer qualities, this equipment has good maintainability, and maintenance can be performed at almost any service center specializing in truck repair.

Rear loading garbage truck design

A KAMAZ rear-loading garbage truck is purchased for regular transportation of solid waste. Models MK 4546-08, MK 4541-06, MK 4541-08, MK 4542-08, MK 4549-02 look modern, the design meets international standards.

Body

The opening tailgate serves as a base; feeding and pressing plates are installed on it. The movable front wall moves along guides. It performs the functions of an ejector plate. The container is captured by a mechanism attached to the walls of the body.

The cockpits of modern cars have a screen that displays data about the vehicle's condition. Full visibility is provided by sliding, curb and main mirrors mounted on convenient brackets.

Feeding, pressing, dispensing plate

The car has a loading and compacting mechanism. It provides the required waste compaction coefficient. Work occurs in two modes - automatic, manual. Protection is provided against incorrect operator actions during switching on.

To unload solid waste, the tailgate is raised and the ejector plate is activated. The movable structure is installed in the sealing compartment of the body.

Reference! The plates (pressing, feeding) drive hydraulic cylinders installed on the receiving bucket.

Container gripping and lifting mechanism

Work process - lower the tipper grip into the working position, if necessary, move the container towards it. The manipulator lifts the container with household waste and pours it into the receiving compartment of the body. The operator gives commands from the control panel, which is located on the body and in the cabin.

Device

The base model uses the GAZ-3309 chassis - a design very well suited for special equipment. This medium tonnage chassis has a strong and reliable frame combined with excellent ride quality. The car has a fairly powerful (117 horsepower) diesel engine.

On the frame there is a metal body with a capacity of seven and a half cubic meters, covered with bright paint. There is also a bucket container that is raised and lowered hydraulically.

A pusher plate is used to compact waste. The tailgate is made folding - this makes automatic unloading possible. Special locks connect this side to the body.

Advantages and disadvantages of the car

The KAMAZ-based model is easy to drive and maneuverable. Additional equipment is universal; it can unload solid waste from comb-type containers, “boats”. Important advantages: high compaction coefficient, high productivity, absence of fallen debris on the site, economical fuel consumption.

Disadvantages: use of containers with wheels, high price of special vehicles. The main disadvantage is the number of operators servicing the garbage collection machine. Rear-loading models require 2-3 people to operate.

Specifications

Technical characteristics of the KO-440 garbage truck: