Gearboxes for a walk-behind tractor: what they are, how to make a creeper with your own hands, drawings, photos, videos

Old equipment, or rather equipment produced before the nineties, is distinguished by the simplicity of its design and the simplest engineering solutions.

Under the motto of “versatility” and interchangeability of parts, many machines were developed, ranging from cars that changed little from model to model, to bicycles.

This list also included the Luch walk-behind tractor .

They are in the same line with several other modifications, which have different names, but are very similar not only in appearance, but in the design of the units.

If you get your hands on the operating instructions for the Luch walk-behind tractor, then looking at the schematic images, you will notice that the engine for the Luch walk-behind tractor was very versatile. It was wildly popular where Luch and similar devices were produced.

But, it is worth recognizing that the enterprise worked conscientiously and the light agricultural equipment that was produced there is still working. In general, machines such as the MB 1 walk-behind tractor, the instructions for which date back to the end of the eighties.

These are devices that you can work on all your life , and with proper service, the number of repairs of this equipment, especially major ones, is reduced to a minimum.

Replacing the gearbox yourself

If there are serious problems in the gearbox, then it will need to be completely dismantled and replaced with a new one.
The gearbox of the Neva walk-behind tractor can be disassembled only after it has been cleaned and all the oil has been drained. The process looks like this:

• the contents are drained, after which the mechanism is cleaned;
• after detaching from the structure of the equipment, the mechanism is dismantled and completely removed;
• a new mechanism is installed;
• refueling in progress;
• A running-in period is carried out for at least 20 hours, during which all mechanisms are adjusted.

It must be remembered that after a complete replacement, running-in is done during the work process, but without the need for intensive operation.

Replacing lubricant in Neva is a mandatory procedure. When carrying out this, it is worth taking into account all the features of the gearbox, including the required grades of oils. If the replacement is not carried out in a timely or correct manner, then repairs, including major ones, are possible in the future, since the equipment is very demanding of high-quality lubrication.

Setting up the plow of the Neva MB-2 walk-behind tractor

The plow is attached to the frame at the rear with an adapter or hitch. The lugs are raised by stands without tilting to the plowing depth. A vertical stand is installed. It remains vertical when the field board rests on the ground to subsequently raise the heel heel by 30mm.

Setting the soil dump angle: a shoe is placed under the left lug, the plow stand is moved to a vertical position. Tighten the connections and you're done. The guide handles are set at waist level - reducing the load on the arms and shoulders.

Plow for walk-behind tractor "Neva MB-2"

User manual

Before using the MB, it must be assembled and prepared for use.

When receiving a cultivator, pay attention to its power unit. It should have a sticker with a safety symbol on it.

Latest modifications of the Lifan 8 liter engine. With. Lifan have distinctive features that must be taken into account when assembling MB. Modification of the Lifan 900 mm – 1100 mm walk-behind tractor involves the installation of additional equipment to expand the plowed harrow.

When working with a motor cultivator, it is important to observe the following safety precautions:

• Before each start, you should inspect the engine.
• Beware of flammable objects when operating the Lifan engine.
• Keep children and animals away from the operating MB.
• The tank can only be refilled when the MB is turned off.
• Do not start the engine indoors.

Starting work without running in the Lifan engine entails premature breakdowns and failure of the equipment.

Running in the Lifan walk-behind tractor

Running in the engine of the Lifan walk-behind tractor allows you to prepare the cultivator for full operation when the equipment is fully loaded. The purpose of running-in is to break in and grind in all elements of the power unit. The process of running in the Lifan engine is as follows:

1. Before starting the engine, check the oil level.
2. Fill the fuel tank.
3. Start the walk-behind tractor at medium speed.
4. For an hour, you need to test the car in all gears one by one.
5. Using the cultivator, perform all operations (ploughing, cultivating, transporting cargo) at medium speed and only on previously plowed land.
6. After break-in, change the oil and fill the fuel tank.
7. The MB is ready to operate at full capacity.

It should be remembered that the break-in process is described in detail in the user manual. Before performing any actions, read the manual and act in accordance with the description.

Tilling the land with Lifan walk-behind tractors

The purpose of Lifan motor cultivators is high-quality cultivation of land for planting, caring for seedlings and harvesting. This type of equipment is excellent for cultivating medium and small areas with any terrain and various types of soil. Plowing with this unit is available up to a depth of 200 mm, which allows you to dig up only the fertile soil layer, leaving deeper clay layers untouched.

Thanks to a large selection of attachments, using the Lifan walk-behind tractor, you can carry out any type of garden work, depending on the season and the needs of the consumer. By changing the components, the motor-cultivator can be used all year round, from plowing and planting to snow removal in winter.

The standard package of the walk-behind tractor includes:

• Milling cutters.
• Wheels d350 mm for walk-behind tractor.

Additional equipment:

• Plow.
• Hay mower.
• Potato digger.
• Pump equipment.
• Snow removal equipment, etc.

The power of the Lifan engine in the latest models allows you to easily cultivate virgin lands with complex mixed soil. However, when working with a motor cultivator, do not forget about the need for technical maintenance.

Characteristic features of the device

Motoblock "Luch" Motoblock MB 5040 "Luch", of course, is very far from ideal. Although, all modifications of this walk-behind tractor are far from it. Many details require improvements, such as the muffler, which its owners eventually change to a quieter one - the noise during operation is really quite disturbing.

Motoblock MB 5040 "Luch",

Some small, but very important parts are made of not the strongest materials - duralumin connecting rods can quickly fail and interrupt field work, which is completely dependent on the walk-behind tractor. But there are no less positive aspects in the operation of this technology.

Its low cost, thanks to which “Luch” and similar walk-behind tractors Cayman, Texas, Foreman, Viking, Forza, Sadko outperform more expensive modern equipment, immediately attracts attention.

Manufactured in accordance with GOST, these walk-behind tractors are as strong as steel, because, oddly enough, they are made of steel that is quite strong and of high quality - the small and not the most powerful MB 1, if necessary, can cope with a load weighing up to 900 kilograms.

For more information about the MB 1 walk-behind tractor, watch the video:

The same applies to cultivating the land - no matter how “heavy” it is, he will cope with the task , although it will take time. But, when starting work, the Soviet walk-behind tractor requires setup and minimal maintenance, especially after a long period of inactivity. However, like any technology.

Instructions and recommendations for use

The reliability and long service life of the walk-behind tractor depend on the operating conditions, maintenance, care of the unit, and proper running-in after its purchase. To do this, you must follow all recommendations for operating the equipment.

They boil down to the following:

1. Assemble the walk-behind tractor. The assembly diagram can be found in the instructions that came with the unit upon purchase.
2. Fill the tank with clean gasoline.
3. Check the oil level in the engine crankcase.
4. Inspect the wheel mountings.
5. Check engine valve clearances. The valves are adjusted using feeler gauges of 0.10-0.25 mm.
6. Run-in as follows:
   do not start work with a cold engine;
7. the engine must first idle;
8. do not load the engine during operation;
9. running-in should last at least 30 hours;
10. work only in first gear;
11. After break-in, change the engine oil and check the bolt connections.
12. Adjust the tension of the forward and reverse belts of the V-belt drive by changing the length of the chains.
13. Check the operation of the controls.
14. Lubricate the starter regularly.
15. Fill the gearbox with oil in a timely manner.
16. Do not allow it to get into the filters.

Many farmers are wondering what kind of oil should be poured into the walk-behind tractor. In particular, they are interested in the MB 6841 walk-behind tractor with M-12GI or M-10GI filling. These are old brands of oils and are not so easy to find.

The following fuels and lubricants are suitable for Cascade walk-behind tractors:

• in the fuel tank - motor gasoline Normal-80, GOST R 51105-97;
• in the engine crankcase - motor oil M-5z/10G1, M-6z/10V, M-6z/12G1, GOST 10541-78;
• for the gearbox - transmission oil in accordance with GOST 23652-79 or aviation oil MS-20, GOST 21743-76.

Synthetic and mineral materials cannot be mixed.

The operating instructions also contain safety information, which is aimed at protecting the operator, as well as protecting the equipment from damage during operation. It is strictly forbidden to warm up the engine using an open flame, such as a torch. Work in areas with difficult terrain should be carried out only at low speeds, the same applies to work at great depths. High speed under these conditions overloads the engine and puts the operator in danger.

To set the walk-behind tractor in motion, you must select a gear using the handle and using the markings on the body, and then press the forward or reverse lever. It is prohibited to change gears with the forward or reverse lever cocked into the working position.

Carburetor settings

Initial carburetor adjustment is made at the factory. The user must not perform any repair work during the warranty period. If starting is poor, inspect the spark plug. If the spark plug is damp, then the problem is in the ignition system. If the spark plug is dry, check that fuel is entering the carburetor.

Repair of the carburetor on the Cascade walk-behind tractor is carried out only in specialized workshops.

What kind of oil to fill

It is necessary to fill in oil together with the lubrication of all parts, as well as with changing the oil in the engines.

What oil to pour into the walk-behind tractor gearbox and how much depends on various nuances, including the season of operation.

The engines are filled with motor oil, which cannot be poured into the gearbox.

The choice of oil depends both on the season in which the work is carried out and on the data specified in the operating instructions.

For walk-behind tractor models, transmission oil is distributed according to GOST:

• TEP-15, TM-5;
• TAP-15V, TAD-17I.

This is a standard that is prescribed according to the relevant GOST 23652-79.

The oil for the Neva walk-behind tractor must be of high quality and from a good manufacturer - this is a prerequisite.

It is worth considering that each oil is used only during the allotted period. For example, TEP-15 is used in the summer. The minimum temperature limit is -5 degrees. If the temperature is lower, then you will have to use TM-5, which has a minimum of 25 degrees below zero. These oils are also used in various modifications.

Classification of oil grades

To increase the service life of a gasoline or diesel engine, you need to make the right choice of engine oil. Failure to replace it in a timely manner reduces the service life of the engine. How to choose it, in what quantity, how to pour it into the walk-behind tractor - we’ll talk about this in more detail.

Each mini-tractor or walk-behind tractor includes instructions and a product data sheet. In the instructions, the manufacturer lists suitable types of fuel and lubricants that can extend the life of the equipment. Engine oil performs the following functions:

• cooling;
• lubricants;
• seals;
• cleaning.

During air cooling, the lubricant settles on the walls of the hot cylinder. These deposits contaminate engine parts and complicate lubrication processes. Therefore, the lubricant contains antioxidant additives. They clean the cylinder walls from carbon deposits and extend the service life of the walk-behind tractor. Different climate zones require the use of different oily liquids. They differ in viscosity, composition and purpose.

By viscosity

Viscosity is determined according to SAE J300 standard. For mechanisms it depends on the following characteristics:

• unit design;
• features of work;
• age of the mechanism;
• ambient air temperature.

Motor oils are divided into winter and summer. Winter ones are designated with the letter W. Low-viscosity winter grades are often used with SAE designations 0W, 25W, as well as intermediate values ​​20W, 5W, 15W and 10W. Compositions for use in summer do not have letters in their names. They are distinguished by high viscosity and are designated SAE 20, 60, SAE 30 or 40. When using summer brands in winter, problems arise associated with starting the unit. Winter varieties are not capable of providing high-quality lubrication in the summer.

Scientists have developed all-season compositions that are used for pouring into walk-behind tractors in summer and winter. Their designations are 5W-40, 10W30.

By composition

In addition to seasonal characteristics, lubricants are divided into types based on composition:

• mineral;
• synthetic;
• semi-synthetic.

An air-cooled engine heats up quickly during operation. Motor oil reduces its temperature. The wrong category causes a breakdown in the motor. It is not recommended to use synthetic oil in mixture with mineral oil.

See » Characteristics of the Parma MB-01-6.5 walk-behind tractor and consumer reviews

By purpose

If there is a need to replace lubricating fluids, each manufacturing company recommends filling in its own brand. For agricultural machines, Honda uses all-season grades 10W-30 of the SF category. Subaru in its recommendations indicates 10W-30 for operation in moderate climates, and 5W-30 in cold regions. Oil quality category - SE.

Lifan products require summer grade SAE-30, and SAE 10W-30 for winter conditions. There are no conditions for quality category. Motoblocks of the Kaluga Engine company are filled with an all-season composition 10W-30 or 15W-30 of SF or SH quality.

How to do it yourself?

If you have access to a huge selection of necessary spare parts, then, of course, it is easier to make gearboxes yourself

But please note that such a spare part requires serious metal processing equipment. If you have this, then you can choose a housing with optimal parameters, make holes for the shafts on the bearings and make the device no worse than at the factory

Initially, you need to calculate the rated power without errors. Thanks to the correct results, you will be able to find out the optimal angle to find for a bevel gear. You need to calculate the number of rotations in 60 seconds.

The completed gearbox requires determination of its operating conditions, including the load. Its functioning will be at the highest level if the temperature and lubricant are chosen correctly. The next step is to assemble the gearbox. The case can be taken from the factory. According to its diameter, you can determine the bearing housing for the shaft. A caliper and a drill will help you with this.

A steel flange must be mounted on the front side of the gearbox. Inside we mount a flange bearing and a washer. The flange is secured with screws at the generator itself. The key and gear must be selected in advance. All components that are in contact with the transmission system are fixed to the rotary generator.

Algorithm for changing the oil in a walk-behind tractor

Before using a new lubricant, it is important to clean the gearbox of the compound used. The lubricant should be replaced immediately after using the equipment, before the oil has had time to cool down.

You can quickly change the oil yourself using the following scheme:

The lubricant should be replaced immediately after using the equipment, before the oil has had time to cool. You can quickly change the oil yourself using the following scheme:

1. The walk-behind tractor is installed horizontally;
2. Two plugs are installed. Through one, the already used composition is drained, the second is used to fill in new oil;
3. The cap is unscrewed to fill in the lubricant. A wide container is installed under the drain hole;
4. The drain cap is unscrewed until all the used oil flows out;
5. The drain cover is screwed in until it stops with a spanner wrench;
6. The funnel is inserted into the fill hole and new oil of the appropriate brand and desired temperature is added;
7. The lid is screwed on. You can use a special probe to check the amount of product poured.

You can learn more about the specifics of the replacement procedure from the introductory video.

If the equipment is operated under normal conditions, the oil in the gearbox is changed once every hundred hours of operation of the walk-behind tractor. When working around the clock, replacement is done every fifty hours. This way you can prevent various breakdowns of agricultural machinery.

In cross-section, the Oka gearbox looks like this:

The body of the part is made of steel; it consists of two parts, which are fastened with three bolts and a sealing gasket. Angles are welded to each part of the body, which form the supporting frame of the device.

The transmission of the torque device of the walk-behind tractor gearbox is supplied from the left or right shaft sprocket. This part is engaged using a cracker, which moves along the axis of the shaft with a special shift knob. The recessed handle engages the sprocket, resulting in first gear being engaged. If the handle is pulled all the way, second gear will engage. In the middle position, the shift will be neutral.

In this video you will learn how to repair a walk-behind tractor gearbox:

With constant care of the device and regular checking of the oil condition, the gearbox will last quite a long time. If the device malfunctions, then the following reasons are possible:

• oil leaks;
• the axle release mechanism has malfunctioned;
• the edge on the axle cover is worn;
• no transmissions recorded.

In the latter case, the gear adjustment may be incorrect or the spring may be faulty. To correct the situation, it is necessary to disassemble the walk-behind tractor gearbox and replace defective parts as shown in the drawing of the multicultivator.

The device may also not work due to a broken circuit or lack of kinematic connection inside. To disassemble the gearbox, you must perform the following steps:

First, the engine and steering button are removed. Then pulleys and traction. Then you should remove the wings from the supporting frame and the control rack. All tightening bolts of the angles are turned out. Then the wheels are removed

It is important to clean it from dust and dirt before disassembling the device, otherwise dirt that gets inside the structure can impair the operation of the gearbox. The oil must also be drained. The next step is to remove the gear lever with all its components. Next, remove the bolts from the cover and the nuts from them. Then you need to place the device on the left half of the case and very carefully use a knife to remove the bolts that connect the two halves of the case. The sprocket is removed from the intermediate shaft. Then - the shift roller, fork and block shaft.

Compound

The walk-behind tractor gearbox includes the following important parts:

• screws;
• bearings;
• axles;
• stars;
• frame;
• bushings;
• shift levers;
• gears;
• shaft;
• coupling;
• axle shafts;
• pay;
• spring.

These are not all the elements that are involved in the design of the gearbox, but they are the main ones. Failure of one of them leads to loss of performance and subsequent repairs.

Compared to a worm gearbox, a gear-chain gearbox is more reliable. It is convenient and easy to operate, and can support reverse function. As a rule, this is a collapsible structure, where all elements are connected to each other with bolts, thanks to which you can inspect the condition of chains and gears if necessary. Such gearboxes are installed on large walk-behind tractors, which require a durable and reliable unit to transfer force to the wheels and cutters.

The simplest and most common cause of breakdown is a broken or stretched chain, but any user can fix the problem without contacting a service center.

What kind of oil is poured?

Many people are interested in what kind of oil to pour into the gearbox of a walk-behind tractor? To answer this question, you need to take into account several factors, the main one of which is the manufacturer's recommendation regarding the type of oil.

In the store you should also pay attention to the degree of viscosity of the oil, which is indicated on the packaging. In addition, there are special additives - substances that increase the beneficial properties of the lubricant.

Gear oil

In general, oils can be of various types:

• SAE. These types of oils cope very well with sudden temperature changes, so they can be used all year round.
• The selection process is as follows: you need to look at the number in front of the letter W - a lower value will indicate that the oil is very well adapted to low temperatures (the smallest is 0W). If the letter W is not on the label, then this oil is suitable for the summer period.
• API. In this case, the letters in the marking will indicate the type of engine - gasoline or diesel. Accordingly, a certain letter will indicate that the oil is suitable for gasoline units, and another – for diesel units.
• The numbers will indicate the type of engine, i.e. number 4 means the oil should be used for a 4-stroke engine, etc. The EC value is the degree of energy conservation, i.e. The higher the value, the better the quality of the oil.
• ASEA. The highest number in the labeling will indicate that the oil can function in very difficult conditions.
• GOST 17479, 1-85. These indicators characterize the degree of viscosity of the oil. As a rule, alphabetic and numerical values ​​are written after this parameter, and their absence indicates that the oil is universal.

Transmission oils for filling into gasoline and diesel walk-behind tractors

As for the gearbox, transmission oils must be used to fill it. For example, a good choice would be semi-synthetic oil ZIC 10W40, intended for gasoline and diesel walk-behind tractors. API indicator – SM/CF, ACEA – A3/B3, A3/B4, C3.

Another decent oil is Super T-3 85W-90 from Gazpromneft. Its technical data will be as follows:

• API indicator – GL-5;
• viscosity degree – 85W90;
• temperature indicator of loss of fluidity – -280C;
• flash point – 2170C;
• package length – 270 mm;
• packaging width – 130 mm;
• packaging height – 240 mm.

This gear oil is also supplied in 4-liter containers, the cost of which is approximately 600 rubles.

Transmission oil

This is not the entire list of oils that can be poured into the gearbox of a walk-behind tractor. In principle, anyone who has become familiar with the basic parameters of the oil can independently determine what is needed for their walk-behind tractor.

Communities › Motoblocks (and everything connected with them) › Blog › Restoring the MB1 walk-behind tractor

Good afternoon everyone! I seem to be new to your forum, but I decided to share my story of restoring the MB1 walk-behind tractor as far as I know. In general, the walk-behind tractor is probably already 30 years old, if not more, but when I was with me, it lay disassembled in the shed for 15 years, and yet I got around to putting it back together. I couldn’t completely restore the original engine, and there’s no way to find one for it in my city. at least some attachments, so I bought a Chinese Forza 6.5 hp. They were also full

All bearings and seals on the walk-behind tractor have been replaced, the mount has been redesigned for reverse gear, etc. I don’t have many photos because I was busy with the assembly process and didn’t have time to paint everything, but I think I’ll fix this in the summer since it was time to start gardening))) In general, more photos. By the way, I can sell the old engine for spare parts to anyone. If no one needs it, I’ll rent it out on metal)) (the engine is spinning, compression is there, the guy said that it was even capitalized but was never installed on the walk-behind tractor)

How to make a gearbox for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands

There are differences in several important characteristics between worm and chain gearboxes for a walk-behind tractor: gear ratio, efficiency, number of shafts and gears, angular speeds and power.

What types of gearboxes are there for a walk-behind tractor?

Non-separable gearboxes are usually installed on cheap walk-behind tractors. The design of such a unit is not particularly reliable. It also has a short service life. In addition, it is impossible to carry out repairs or disassembly and assembly. In the manufacture of such units, low-quality metal and unlined parts are used. In order to understand why it is impossible to use the gearbox for a long time, you need to familiarize yourself with its diagram.

It is customary to install collapsible gearboxes on expensive walk-behind tractors. Thanks to this, you can disassemble the walk-behind tractor gearbox and carry out maintenance. The walk-behind tractor gearbox is repaired to increase service life, if high-quality spare parts are used when replacing faulty elements.

It is imperative to regularly diagnose the gearbox in order to repair the necessary unit in a timely manner. The gearbox should also be lubricated regularly, which will allow the unit to be used much longer. Most often, a gearbox for a walk-behind tractor is used to convert a high angular velocity into a low one. The input shaft has a high speed and the output shaft has a low speed.

To avoid unexpected breakdowns, it is necessary to carry out regular maintenance, which will allow you to operate your agricultural machine successfully. If the angular velocity changes stepwise, the gearbox is called a gearbox, but if the change occurs steplessly, it is called a variator.

Lighting

The most popular modifications, unfortunately, are not yet equipped with a headlight, but some equipment owners themselves regulate this nuance.

In the basic models produced by Kadvi, there is no light on the walk-behind tractor.

It is very easy to make lighting on a walk-behind tractor; a basic electric generator is usually used for this. The connection is made as follows:

• a device that generates electricity is connected to a button on the steering wheel;
• lay the necessary wires from the button to the electrical equipment (for example, a headlight);
• the wires are insulated in any way from mechanical damage and water (most often a corrugated pipe is used).

If the generator power is sufficient, the headlight will be bright. If there is insufficient power at low engine speeds, the light will go out. Some craftsmen replace the walk-behind tractor generator with a car or tractor generator.

How to make a light for a walk-behind tractor or mini tractor with your own hands:

In any case, even without using a generator, you can make light on a walk-behind tractor. All you need is a 12-volt battery and an LED lamp. The battery can be taken from an electric bike or scooter.

It is recommended to place it between the gearbox and the engine. According to the diagram above with an electric generator, connect the battery. The wires from the battery are routed to a switch and then to a headlight or other electrical equipment.

Be sure to insulate the wires.