KamAZ-6520 is a truck that is designed for transporting bulk construction, industrial and agricultural materials along roads with a permissible throughput of up to 13 tons and complete off-road conditions. The car was created by the Kama Automobile Plant.
The dump truck is popular among enterprises whose activities are directly related to loading and unloading operations and transportation of goods. It can cope with any tasks, therefore for 10 years it has occupied a leading position in the model line of domestic trucks and fully satisfies the demand and needs of modern companies operating specialized equipment.
Device
The structure of the truck can be represented as follows:
- frame;
- body;
- cabin;
- power transmission;
- engine;
- air system;
- brake system;
- electrical equipment;
- fuel mechanism;
- oil tank.
The manufacturer is constantly improving and modernizing the design of the machine. After restyling in 2009, the tonneau is equipped with a more environmentally friendly diesel engine, better hydraulics and a reinforced base. The cabin has a high top, an original buffer and a lower belt. Comfortable seats, climate control systems and the latest instrument panels are installed. There are sleeping places that were previously absent. A new U-shaped radiator grille and side headlights have been developed, and the dimensions of the bumper have been increased.
A heating system using exhaust gases is installed in the restyled body to protect cargo from freezing in the cold season.
Hydraulic control is electro-pneumatic and is carried out from the driver’s cabin. The hydraulic cylinder is telescopic, 3-stage.
Wheel formula - 6x4.
Overview of modifications
Any specialized equipment weighing up to 24 tons can be installed on the KamAZ chassis. The timber carrier for transporting logs and fallen trees to the storage site has superstructures and additional mechanisms with removable sides and steel rods.
Grain carrier Mammoth model 6520 with a capacity of 400 hp. With. used for transporting grain. The KamAZ body is a container in the form of a tank or bunker.
The multilift transports scrap metal and construction waste.
A concrete mixer is a chassis with a rotating container for transporting concrete. It is also called a concrete mixer or mixer.
KamAZ Selkhoznik was created for harvesting. The main differences are:
- lateral unloading;
- higher sides;
- the presence of a tow bar for an additional trailer.
Depending on the type of unloading, configuration and volume of the platform, the following modifications of machines are distinguished:
- Model 6520-006 is an onboard KamAZ-6520 dump truck with a rear unloading type, which has become a leader in the model range thanks to a reliable ZF gearbox and a 320 hp engine. With. Euro-2 class. The platform volume is 12 m³.
- The KamAZ-6520-06 dump truck has a body volume of 10 m³ and rear unloading. Cabin with high roof. Diesel with a capacity of 360 hp. With. Euro-2.
- 6520-029 with a dump platform with a volume of 20 m³ and unloading, like previous models. Often used in road construction and quarries.
- Heavy truck 6520-6010-29 (K4) - 3-axle with rear unloading and an oval body section of 16 m³. The platform is all-metal, scoop type, without heating, welded. A safety bar is attached to the rear of the frame.
- KamAZ-6520-6030-73 is a restyled model of a dump truck with 2-sided side unloading and a body volume of 30 m³. The rear side is hinged, the top extension is removable.
- KamAZ-6520-6041-43 is a 3-axle dump truck with rear unloading and a body of 16 m³. The cabin is located above the Euro-4 class engine, without a berth. The car is equipped with a Russian standard tachograph with a CIPF unit.
- The body of the dump truck 6520-6012-43 is rectangular in shape and provides a rear type of unloading. The unheated platform holds 20 m³ of bulk materials. The cabin is restyled, comfortable with air suspension.
- 6520-21010-43 “Lux” with a 16 m³ platform is heated by exhaust gases. The truck is equipped with a Euro-5 engine with a pre-heater. Cabin with air conditioning, auxiliary heater, electronic tachograph and audio equipment - radio antenna and 2 speakers. The cabin air suspension is 4-point, spring.
- The KamAZ-6520-61 chassis is available in 2 versions with a wheelbase of 3600 mm and 4600 mm. The curb weight is 9200 and 9850 kg, respectively. The KamAZ truck tractor tows trailers weighing no more than 20 tons on hard roads. The model is equipped with a powerful Euro-3 engine, which is combined with 2 manual transmission options - a 10-speed KamAZ-154 or a 16-speed German ZF-16S151.
- Chassis 6520-3072-43 is designed for mounting special equipment using a “pin-and-loop” towing device of the Euro towbar type. The machine is equipped with a Euro-4 eco-class engine, interwheel and axle locks, and a Common Rail fuel system. Cabin with air suspension and tachograph.
Get out!
Nearby, behind the forest, the engine of the Dakar MAN roared: the Manovites were conducting demonstration runs at the Dmitrovsky Automotive Test Site before the Silk Road Rally. They invited us to take a ride too.
But we had no time for that: we were waiting for a tractor that, on a rigid coupling, would drag away a loaded KAMAZ-6520 (new, after restyling), which died in the middle of a long climb. Comparative tests of dump trucks - two MAZs, KAMAZ and the “Chinese” Shacman - were a complete success.
Or did it fail? We repaired the cars more than we drove them, and by the end of the tests there were only two dump trucks left running...
The idea to compare dump trucks was born when the Rusbusinessavto company decided to show journalists a MAZ with a body from the Avtomaster company from Naberezhnye Chelny (AR No. 13, 2011), and along with it the familiar MAZ-5516 with a MAZ body. We arrived at the test site a day early and waited for the new cars to arrive...
And first of all, we raked out handfuls of bolts and nuts that remained in the cabins after assembly (the most impressive bolt was one and a half fingers thick!). When testing the Mazik nine years ago, we raked out washers and bolts from its cabin in the same way. Has nothing really changed since then?
Both MAZs differed only in their bodies. The blue one is made by Avtomaster, the yellow one is made by MAZ itself.
Then they took the cars to the car wash and were unable to reverse the MAZ-5516. But since shortly before this we had tested a MAZ tractor (AR No. 5, 2011), we immediately guessed what was wrong: there was a missing nut on the gear shift rod, and the rod simply fell out of its socket. We found two suitable nuts, tightened them and drove off.
The next morning we drive the dump trucks to the house where the presentation will take place. And then, ten meters before the house, the unfortunate rod breaks off right at the nuts.
note
What to do? Other journalists are about to arrive! I straddled the gearbox, squeezed the drive parts and shouted to Dima Silin, who was driving: “Shift through my hands!” The car was parked - and fellow journalists did not notice anything. They just wondered why they couldn’t ride on this dump truck.
The wheels are straight, and the steering wheel is turned 90 degrees! This is how the steering wheel was installed at the factory.
And then, since the required part was not in the dealer’s warehouse, I had to look for a welder. But there was no time left for testing, and we returned both cars “due to a technical fault,” agreeing to try again. If only we knew what awaited us in the future!
Specifications
The main tactical and technical parameters (TTX) of vehicles depend on the modification, purpose and configuration, and the load capacity depends on the installation of additional equipment. Thus, the maximum weight of cargo transported by a log carrier is influenced by the presence of a hydraulic manipulator.
For the basic model KamAZ-6520, technical specifications are presented as follows.
Power unit
The first 6520 vehicles were equipped with a turbocharged diesel engine produced by KamAZ 740.51-320. The power was 320 hp. With. and complied with Euro-2 environmental standards.
Since 2009, new 740.63-400 Euro-3 engines with turbocharging and liquid cooling have been installed on trucks. They are more powerful and environmentally friendly, do not harm the environment and require minimal fuel consumption for the KamAZ-6520.
Characteristics of diesel engine 740.63-400:
- working capacity - 11.76 l;
- rated power - 400l. With.;
- maximum torque - 1766 N*m.
Some models are available with a Cummins Euro-3 engine with a capacity of 8.9 liters and a power of 334 hp. With. and Cummins ISLe Euro-4.
At 100 km, the fuel consumption rate is 45.5 liters; in cold weather, the figure increases to 53 liters. When equipped with a 320 liter diesel engine. With. and a ZF type gearbox consumes 39 liters of fuel.
Transmission
Trucks with engines 740.51-320 and 740.50-360 are equipped with a mechanical 8-speed gearbox (gearbox) type 161 or German-made ZF-16S151.
Cars with the 740.14-300 engine are equipped with a ZF-9S109 9-speed manual transmission with low gear.
The ZF-16S151 gearbox on the new tonneaus is a mechanical, 16-speed gearbox, consisting of a main 4-speed gearbox with a built-in 2-speed divider located at the front and a 2-speed planetary gearbox, which is located behind the main gearbox.
Gear shifting on KamAZ is carried out according to the scheme using a special lever.
Dimensions and weight
Dimensions:
- length - 7795 mm;
- width - 2500 mm;
- height - 3005 mm;
- body dimensions - 4700x1850x2490 mm;
- body volume - 12 m³;
- axle clearance - 190 mm;
- wheelbase - 3600 mm;
- minimum turning radius - 9300 mm;
- tire sizes - 12.00 R20 (320 R508).
The volume of the body depends on the configuration and can reach 20 m3 (meters in cubes).
Weight parameters:
- curb weight - 9.2 tons;
- total weight - 33.1 tons;
- front axle load - 4520 kg;
- load on the rear trolley - 4680 kg.
The filling capacity of the fuel tank is 350 l.
AUTO.RIA – 2 reviews of KAMAZ 6520 from owners: pros and cons of KAMAZ 6520
dynamics, quality of materials
High price of the car Drivers believe that the price of this car is too high
I have a KamAZ-6520, produced in 2012, with a Euro 3 engine with a capacity of 320 horsepower. The car is good, but of course there are minor breakdowns. It can cover 210-270 km a day, fuel consumption is generally acceptable, but the cabin can hardly be called comfortable.
When fully loaded, sometimes it seems that the car does not have enough power; it is difficult to go up long hills. The car is not bad, but there were problems with the engine and air cushions of the cabin. The pillows are like living things - they rise and fall.
It seems to me that it would be better to leave shock absorbers behind instead of pillows, since they are good on smooth asphalt, but on roads there is a problem. The engine often turns off and the car slows down. In principle, you can work, there are, of course, a lot of things that need to be corrected and remade.
Let's hope that everything will be corrected and brought to fruition soon.
The engine is strong and the loaded car pulls confidently.
Cabin suspension.
Den161 • June 05, 2017
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In this review, I want to share my first impressions of operating the KAMAZ 6520 mining dump truck. Our truck has been in service for a little over a month, the mileage is approaching 10 thousand km, although it is not yet the peak operating season, the mileage is quite respectable.
We drove the car in rain and snow, skidded in quarries, tried the car on narrow streets and in “tight” courtyards, so I think we have something to talk about.
The car's cabin is on air springs, quite comfortable (everything is done well, nothing rattles or creaks anywhere, the plastic is of quite high quality), the instrument board has changed slightly (it reads perfectly), the driver's seat is very comfortable, there were no complaints about the operation of the autonomous vehicle, sleeping bag quite large and comfortable, in a word, the comfort of the car has improved. Driving at the proper level. The cabin itself is painted quite well, which cannot be said about the body; after a month of use, “saffron milk caps” appeared on the body. The headlight unit is decent, we drove in rain, snow, day and night, the headlight light is excellent, and in combination with “ fog lights” is simply beautiful. The power unit on this car is “Kamaz” (the usual eight), reinforced by the Colin Reees system, as the practice of operating the car has shown, the engine is decent (high-torque and quite playful), fully copes with its task, the car is quite sufficient, the sound of the engine is pleasant. Our KamAZ is equipped with a ZF-16 “box” (a divider is installed for each gear), which gives a huge advantage to the vehicle’s performance. This combination of “box” and engine leaves only positive impressions (the car doesn’t seem to feel the entire load placed on it, the car works without any strain). The axles remain the same Kamaz ones with locks, they work flawlessly. The brakes are quite “sharp”, they require getting used to driver in the process of work. The body, as expected, is equipped with heating, the mechanism is quite “serious”, 4-speed cylinder. When unloading the cargo of the body, when the clutch is pressed, the body begins to smoothly lower. The spare wheel is suspended on the frame (an extremely controversial solution for mining dump trucks), but during operation there were no problems with this. The battery box, in my opinion, was made extremely poorly, the battery “stand” on top of each other, which makes servicing them some inconvenient. It is also not clear why the cabin “lift” was moved to the right front fender (although there is enough space for it at the back of the cabin), when the car is used it is constantly in the mud. So how the car’s radiator “hangs” quite low, protection appeared, but it’s not clear why three slits were made on it (almost 5 cm wide), after the 1st trip to the quarry, the radiator was completely clogged with dirt (I had to weld all these slits with corners , the protection became stronger, and dirt stopped getting in). After the appearance of the “sleeping bag,” it was impossible to get to the coolant barrel without raising the cabin. The brake valve was moved from the frame to the front of the cabin. In general, after the first time of using the car, the impression was positive, there were no problems with the car, finally “our” Kamaz trucks are reaching the proper level and can fully compete with their Western counterparts.
Quite powerful engine
quality of painting
ivahin88 • May 12, 2017
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Hello! What can I say from personal experience? The machine is inexpensive and economical, easy to maintain. The main improvements after restyling in 2010 are not afraid of overloads (not like foreign cars!), consumption has been reduced by 10%, the service interval has been extended and three-way unloading has been done.
The engine is very sensitive to overheating, and fuel consumption is much higher than stated. Under no circumstances should you fill in antifreeze (the pump will fly!), only antifreeze! - That's it! Fuel pumps and turbines on new dump trucks very often have defects. The front brakes used to jam.
The turbocharger and timing belt wear out pretty quickly. The gear shifting is not clear enough and the clutch could still be done better. The gearshift lever vibrates strongly, making a very loud noise. Due to the stiff suspension and lack of a sleeping bag, the car is not well suited for long-distance flights.
What does a metal-plastic cabin mean? That it is less susceptible to corrosion, but more fragile. Well, that’s all it seems!
Inexpensive and economical, easy to maintain.
The downside is that the body lift is jammed due to defects in the fluid release valve in the hydraulics. And little things dr.
Den161 • June 04, 2017
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Source: https://auto.ria.com/reviews/kamaz/6520/
Disadvantages and advantages
Cars produced before 2009 have the following disadvantages:
- poor functioning of ABS;
- low generator power;
- the air system is not improved, malfunctions occur in the hydraulic mechanism;
- frequent malfunctions of the brake system and fuel supply mechanism;
- difficult access to spare parts and components;
- low acceleration speed when loaded;
- poor quality of bearings in the gearbox of the middle and rear axle.
New models have a more advanced design of important components, which allows them to correct most problems.
Among the advantages are the following:
- high load capacity;
- good maneuverability;
- high engine power and reliability;
- low maintenance costs;
- efficiency;
- availability of high-speed engine start.
Operation and Maintenance
Operation of KamAZ trucks must be carried out in accordance with the operating manual. The service life of the vehicle before major repairs is 500 thousand km. TO-1 is carried out with a mileage of 5.5 thousand km, TO-2 - at least 16.5 thousand km. An oil change is performed every 10-15 thousand km.
Ignoring the instructions leads to failure of the lubrication system and engine.
Restyled models also undergo maintenance according to approved regulations. All records are kept in a special journal.
Electrical diagram
Using a color electrical diagram indicating all electrical equipment, sensors and mechanisms connected to the truck’s on-board network, you can repair the wiring. The color of the lines corresponds to the color of the cables of the standard electrical wiring.
Progressive localization
In 2022, many localized Russian-made components appeared. And we were not talking about primitive pneumatic compressor brackets, generator brackets or electrical wiring harnesses. Mastery of production required pistons, pins, injectors, etc.
The gearbox of the KAMAZ-6520-V K3539 6x4 “Lux” dump truck is a mechanical 16-speed, produced here in Naberezhnye Chelny at the TsF-KAMA joint venture. Today, about 80% of Kama trucks are equipped with a gearbox from this particular enterprise, which produces two models of gearboxes. These are 9-speed Ecomid and 16-speed Ecosplit.
The ZF 16S1820 TO gearbox installed on the Lux is designed to operate with a rated torque of about 1800 Nm. The engine in our case has a maximum torque of 1700 Nm, which leaves even a small technical margin.
