Purpose of KAMAZ-65115 and scope of application
Compared to its predecessors, this model has practically not changed its purpose. We are talking about the transportation of various bulk cargoes, including:
- Gravel.
- Crushed stone.
- Sand, etc.
If you add a dump platform with the possibility of three-way unloading, the equipment will become relevant for the agro-industrial complex, for example, as a grain carrier, for transporting haylage and silage.
Dump trucks cope with transportation over short distances. This is quite enough to solve everyday problems. It is not recommended to use transport over long distances due to the lack of sleeping places in the cabin and a rigid suspension.
Additional equipment often includes an all-metal dumping platform with an inclined front side. Not only independent operation is permissible, but also joint operation - by adding a trailer and organizing dump trains. The chassis of this vehicle is often installed on metal trucks, loader cranes, truck cranes, tanks, garbage trucks, concrete mixers, etc.
KAMAZ
No matter how many foreign-made trucks are transported to Russia, the most common dump trucks in our country are KAMAZ trucks. There is no need to sift through the statistics - take a closer look at the flow of cars in district centers and regional cities. And in both capitals, construction projects are not complete without Chelny trucks.
The car plant is often reproached for slowly updating its model range, not much changes in the design, and the cabin is no longer good for anything. Let's take a closer look at one of the most modern models of dump trucks - KAMAZ-65115 with Cummins engines and other models with these engines, let's try to compare them with dump trucks of previous years from Naberezhnye Chelny. And as technical documentation, we will take as a basis the “NIIAT Brief Automotive Reference Book” (Moscow, Transport Publishing House, 1983).
Modifications of KAMAZ-65115
Over the past years of production, up to several dozen modifications have been made. The main difference lay in the specific model and engine power, transmission and load capacity.
Of all the serial modifications, the following stand out:
- 65115-30. With a carrying capacity of up to 15 tons and a body volume of 10.5 cubic meters. There is a liquefied gas diesel engine with a power of up to 260 horsepower. It uses a 154 model gearbox, supplemented with liquefied gas cylinders, the total volume of which reaches 208 cubic meters.
- 65115-A4. The load capacity is the same as the previous model. But the power has already been increased to three hundred horses, and full compliance with the environmental standards of the Euro-4 series is typical. The products are equipped with nine-speed manual transmissions; they are designated as ZF-9S1310.
- 65115-D3. Can support up to 14.5 tons. The volume of the body is 11 cubic meters, there is a KamAZ-740.51-260 engine. Suitable for transporting liquid form of concrete solutions for construction.
- 65115-N3. Modification with Cummins-6 ISBE power unit. A volume of 10 cubic meters, a 9-speed gearbox and three hundred horsepower. This version has the ability to unload the body on three sides.
- 65115-62. At 14.5 tons and 10.3 cubic meters. Diesel engine, fully compliant with Euro-3 standard. The work is based on domestic production of manual transmissions, from the same plant that is responsible for the cars.
- 65115-1031-62. 280 horsepower, 14.75 tons of lifting capacity.
- 65115-030. 260 horsepower, 13.8 tons.
- 65115-023. 300 l. With. And 15 tons.
- 65115-015. The smallest load capacity is only up to 12 tons. With a diesel engine of Euro-1 environmental standard. Equipped with the 152nd model of the domestic gearbox.
There are not only modifications of the dump truck for the construction industry, but also special machines:
- KDM-316. A comprehensive road device that helps perform pothole repairs, clean and wash road surfaces.
- "Agricultural worker." A body with a volume ranging from 9 to 12 cubic meters is installed on it, which fully supports three-way unloading. Complies with the environmental standard of the Euro-2 series.
- Al-50. A firefighter type vehicle that has a retractable ladder. But everywhere they use the KAMAZ-65114 chassis, since its technical characteristics are quite suitable for the specified work.
One of the most popular tractors
KamAZ 53215 rightfully claims this position, the technical characteristics of which are excellent for performing the assigned tasks. Depending on the modification, the tractor can be equipped with engines of different power. The peculiarity that the engine has is the fuel material, which made it possible to install turbocharging to increase power, as well as a rather specific cooling system. The latter is played by a special supercharging type design. KamAZ 53215, the engine of which is already considered somewhat outdated, is still classified as environmentally friendly. The amount of harmful materials released along with the exhaust is minimal.
Specifications
It is the basic parameters that have made this technique so popular in practice. Affordable prices also contribute to its popularity.
Dimensions and load capacity
If we talk about the wheelbase, then its layout is easier to describe as 6x4. The load capacity of most models is within 15 tons, this is one of the best indicators in this category. At the same time, cargo platforms can accommodate from 10.5 cubic meters.
When equipped, the weight is 9300 kilograms, the total weight is almost 25 thousand kilograms. Thanks to its acceleration potential, the equipment can reach speeds of up to 80 kilometers per hour, even when loaded.
Finally, the width and height are 2500 mm, 2995 mm. The body has a length of 6690 mm, including the manipulator.
Fuel consumption
Transport uses 25 liters per 100 kilometers. Different models differ from each other in terms of efficiency. Other factors worth considering:
- Driving style.
- Climatic conditions.
- Road surfaces.
The car has different power plants, but the standard minimum fuel tank volume starts at 250 liters. This means that the consumption remains approximately the same when a scrap truck with the appropriate chassis is operated.
Transmission
Most devices are installed from the same manufacturer that produces the machines themselves. The devices differ in the following characteristics:
- Wear resistance.
- Durability.
- High quality.
Interesting! How many liters of oil are poured into the KamAZ engine
More modern boxes involve the use of technologies from European countries and appropriate equipment, although they are assembled on the territory of the Russian Federation.
A nine-speed variety is standard, supporting a range of gear ratios from 9.48 to 0.75. The single-plate clutch is responsible for transmitting rotation from the engine to the manual transmission. The clutch itself is diaphragm, complemented by a hydraulic drive with a pneumatic booster. 5.94 is the gear ratio characteristic of the mechanism.
Engine
The model has engines of the CUMMINS 61SBe 285 series. Standard volume is up to 6.7 liters, power is within 282 horsepower. There is a turbocharging and air flow pre-cooling system.
Brake system
It is characterized by the presence of brake drums, which have not only an air gun inside, but also 2 pads inside. This is enough for even the heaviest type of transport to quickly slow down.
Electrical diagram
The vehicle has a single-wire electrical system, whose rated voltage is within 24 V. When the engine is turned off, all on-board consumers of electrical energy can function, this occurs due to two starter batteries made of lead with a voltage of 12 Volts. The main thing is to ensure that the devices are connected in series.
A 28V generator with a power output of up to 2000W is installed inside to charge the batteries and power the electrical circuits while driving.
Electrical diagrams show all the main parts included in the system. She helps you perform DIY repairs when the need arises.
Important details include:
- Control block.
- The block responsible for protection.
- Audio system.
- Dashboard.
- Anti-theft mechanism.
- Power supply and heating, glass cleaning system.
- Hazard signal along with headlights and turn signals.
- Lighting inside.
- A device that helps start a power unit.
Only if the equipment is maintained in satisfactory condition will all of these components cope with their functions without problems.
Suspension
It belongs to the dependent varieties that operate on leaf springs. 400 millimeters is the diameter of the brake drums, which are mounted on each wheel.
140 millimeters is an indicator of the width of the brake linings, with a total area of 6300 cm2.
The brakes operate on the basis of a pneumatic drive. The ABS system is installed to make the work more efficient.
The truck is equipped with rear double tires. Pneumatic tube tires of the 11.00R20 series are placed on steel rims, the diameter of which ranges from 7.5-20.
Transmission
It has already been said above that in most cases, devices from the same plant that is responsible for the production of cars are used. This is wear-resistant equipment that is distinguished by durability and quality. New models are constantly replacing existing analogues.
Loading platform
Kits are sold with three body options:
- Supplemented with extension groups of bolts, rectangular in shape. A relevant solution for agriculture, especially if unloading is required in several directions at once.
- With rear discharge, U-shaped or oval.
- Rectangular in shape that support rear unloading.
Steel bodies with different side heights often have a hydraulic lifting mechanism. It is permissible to use hydraulic drives with telescopic hydraulic cylinders, a pump and fittings, and a power take-off.
Hydraulics are made from high-quality components. At the back of the body there is an opening side that can be locked using special levers. Thanks to this, you can not be afraid of spontaneous openings during operation.
Transmission
The KamAZ 53215 engine is paired with a manual transmission and an additional deduplicator, which acts as a divider. The designers specially developed such a transmission to work in particularly difficult conditions.
The modified KamAZ 53215, the photo of which is below, is equipped with two gearboxes. The gearbox is located between the clutch and the main gearbox. The use of an additional box is carried out only in special cases. For example, it is very difficult for the engine to work in second gear, and there are not enough revolutions for third gear.
The main transmission has 10 gears. In this case, the axle ratio is 7.22. The parameters of the main gearbox are standard, but there are also duplicate gear ratios. These parameters can only be used when a divider is connected. It is because of the deduplicator that the engine wears out less, which significantly increases its service life and comfort during its operation.
Cabin KAMAZ 65115
In 2010, these cars received completely updated workplaces for drivers.
For example, the sleeping areas were removed, but the roof and higher ceilings were used. We added a plastic bumper and rectangular headlights. The rear view mirrors and wheel arches have become larger and more modern.
Deflectors are located on each side of the cabin. There is a windshield wiper with at least three blades.
A standard driver's seat with lateral support is used. There are kits with more expensive and comfortable equipment, where the driver can customize almost everything. The steering column can also be adjusted, although this requires additional effort.
Steps and handrails provide easy access to the cabin, even given the high location. Drivers of any height can easily be accommodated inside; panoramic mirrors provide full visibility.
Interesting! Technical characteristics of KamAZ-43118 in numbers and modifications
Additionally there is a tool box.
Reviews from owners and drivers of KAMAZ-65115
According to those who owned or drove vehicles, the following qualities can be called the main ones:
- Optimal consumer characteristics for operation in Russia and the CIS countries.
- Maintainability.
- Reliability.
Many people like the large number of regular service centers and offers from dealers, so routine repairs and maintenance are carried out in the shortest possible time, without serious financial costs. There are no problems with consumables.
The ease of updating the technology park is also noted separately. Compared to newer models, this one is much easier to operate, repair, and maintain.
Most owners are satisfied, although there are a lot of minor flaws in the assembly and quality. Some write about the capriciousness and unreliability of the engine. But many users who have traveled more than two hundred thousand kilometers continue to use it.
This KAMAZ model has many strengths, but they are fully manifested only with proper care and compliance with all requirements during operation. An excellent vehicle for those who don't overlook any detail.
terms of Use
Depending on where KamAZ 53215 is used, other consumables are used. If loading equipment is installed at the base, which operates in conditions of constant dampness, as well as with very large temperature changes, then the oil must be changed more often.
If the climate is dry and temperature changes are not observed (or minimal), then the engine can be operated without changing the engine oil for up to 20 thousand mileage.
The total volume of material used to lubricate all engine elements is 28 liters. In this case, the maximum temperature of the cooling system at which normal operation is guaranteed is no more than 95 degrees. Depending on the modification of KamAZ 53215, the performance of the engine may change.
For normal operation and long-term operation, the updated KamAZ can be equipped with fuel tanks of both 350 and 500 liters, it all depends on the modification, as well as the purpose.
