Gas saz 4509 technical characteristics. GAZ-SAZ

GAZ-SAZ-4509 '1992–95

In the 1980s, the Gorky Automobile Plant and the Saransk Dump Truck Plant created a dump truck train with three-way unloading GAZ-6008 consisting of a GAZ-SAZ-4509 dump truck, built on the basis of the GAZ-4301, and a two-axle dump trailer GKB-8536 (could be used as a road train with a trailer and separately without it), and was intended for transportation and mechanized unloading of various agricultural goods along public roads, including dirt roads and in field conditions, if the condition of the soil ensures normal passability of the dump truck. A powerful 6-cylinder air-cooled diesel engine, power steering, rear axle locking, and tires with developed lugs provided the road train with good maneuverability on field roads and even off-road. Currently, the automotive industry does not produce such road trains.

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Specifications

The dump truck is equipped with a ladder configuration frame on which dependent axle suspensions are installed. The front beam is equipped with an additional rubber buffer that works in compression. The design also includes hydraulic shock absorbers. The rear axle is equipped with standard springs with additional leaves. Pneumatic tires were installed from the factory in size 8.25R20. The steering mechanism includes a worm and a roller and is equipped with a hydraulic booster.

The car used an in-line atmospheric 6-cylinder diesel engine GAZ-542-10 with forced air cooling. With a working volume of 6.23 liters, the unit develops a power of 125 hp. at 2800 rpm. Fuel is supplied by a mechanical pump with a centrifugal regulator. The cooling fan is connected through a gear transmission equipped with a hydraulic coupling. Standard equipment included an air heater powered by diesel fuel.

The transmission consists of a hydraulically driven friction clutch and a 5-speed partially synchronized gearbox. The rear axle is equipped with a hypoid pair and a differential. A pneumatic mechanism locking system was installed on some of the machines. The brakes received a combined hydraulic and pneumatic drive, divided along the axes. Drum-type mechanisms with automatic slack adjuster. The rear axle units are equipped with a mechanical drive, which is used when parked.

The difference between the car was the 1-wire electrical circuit, designed for 24V voltage. Because of this, 2 or 4 rechargeable batteries began to be used. The equipment of the 2-seater cabin includes an oil heater connected to the engine lubrication system. Additionally, an air heater is used.

Vehicle specifications:

length - 6420 mm;
width - 2380 mm;
height (with standard sides) - 2420 mm;
wheelbase - 3700 mm;
ground clearance - 245 mm;
fuel consumption (at a speed of 60 km/h) - 15 liters per 100 km;
load capacity - 4250 kg;
maximum speed - 85 km/h.

The SAZ plant mounted a hydraulically driven dump truck on the chassis. The gear pump is located on the gearbox and receives power through a separate gear pair. The direction of unloading is controlled by a spool valve; a tank for storing a supply of working fluid is located on the frame. The platform was equipped with extension sides, which made it possible to increase the capacity to 11 m³.

Based on the dump truck, the GAZ-6008 road train was produced, equipped with a GKB-8536 hydraulic trailer. The mass declared by the plant reached 8600 kg. The cars were produced in small batches until 1993.

GAZ-SAZ-4509 '1992–95

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GAZ-SAZ - the most notable models

Today we have to take another excursion into the past of GAZ cars, this time into the history of dump trucks jointly produced by the Gorky Automobile Plant and the Saransk Dump Truck Plant. We will be able to see the evolution of dump trucks on the GAZ chassis and find out what tasks were set for trucks of previous years.

Relatively recently, a new dump truck using the Lawn-Next chassis appeared on the market. This model of joint production of the GAZ and SAZ plants was immediately highly appreciated by enterprises working in the field of agriculture, construction and urban public services. The car really turned out to be very successful - its payload is 4.5 tons, which is comparable to the performance of the previous generation car. However, its main advantage was the volume of the body, which can vary from 5 to 11.5 cubic meters depending on the height of the sides. Due to this, the machine can be used to transport any type of cargo - from agricultural products to construction waste and wet soil. In addition, the body of the GAZ-SAZ-25072 dump truck can be unloaded in three directions, which allows it to be used in combination with various types of agricultural machinery.

The value of a dump truck for enterprises operating in these areas is very high. The fact is that today the car has virtually no competitors - cars produced by foreign companies are very expensive (the price is 1.5–3 times more), and domestic equipment has large dimensions and is equipped with large engines that require a large amount of fuel. Therefore, Lawn-Next remains the only Russian-made compact dump truck today that can be used in any sector of the economy.

GAZ-SAZ-2507 new Next dump truck

It is worth saying that this is not the first experience of joint production of GAZ vehicles and the Saransk Dump Truck Plant (SAZ). Cooperation between the two companies began back in the 1950s. The joint development models used quite original technical solutions - to learn more about this, it is worth considering the most remarkable cars produced by the two factories.

Beginning of work

The first model assembled at the SAZ plant was the GAZ-93B multi-purpose dump truck. Initially, it was produced at the Odessa Automobile Assembly Plant, but by decision of the ministry it was decided to create an assembly line at the then Saransk Mechanical Plant.

In 1958, the first batch of dump trucks was produced, which were supplied to construction and agricultural enterprises in the country. Their distinguishing feature was a large all-metal body with a volume of 3.2 cubic meters. Compared to the base GAZ-93 car, which was made of wood and had a volume of 1.65 cubic meters, this made it possible to obtain a significant increase in reliability, as well as reduce the cost of transporting products with low volumetric weight.

Dump truck GAZ-93B

In 1959, dump truck production became large-scale - more than 8,000 vehicles were produced in a year. In 1960, it was decided to separate the workshop into an independent enterprise - the Saransk Dump Truck Plant, as it is called to this day.

First development

In the early 60s, SAZ was given the first serious design task. The country needed a machine for automated loading of root crops into agricultural units (seeders, washing and sorting machines). The result of the research work was the original SAZ-2500 loader, which was based on the short GAZ-93D dump truck chassis.

Loader SAZ-2500

The car body had a volume of 2.7 cubic meters and had attachments for extendable wooden sides, which increased the capacity to 5.2 cubic meters. Thanks to the use of a special lever mechanism with a hydraulic drive, it rose to a height of up to 3 meters and tilted in this position at an angle of up to 45 degrees. The machine could also be used for automated loading of agricultural products into piles, which expanded its functionality compared to the technical specifications.

Until 1966, 4,383 SAZ-2500 dump trucks were produced.

Three axles for GAZ truck

Currently, GAZ trucks are produced only in a two-axle version. All three-axle equipment is produced exclusively in Miass at the URAL plant. However, at the end of the 60s, a three-axle GAZ-SAZ 33-02 car was tested near Moscow, which participated in a competition between several automobile manufacturers of the USSR.

In 1966, a technical specification was set for the production of a three-axle vehicle with increased payload capacity, which could be used on large construction sites, as well as in intercity transportation. Developments in accordance with this task were carried out at the GAZ and ZIL plants, as well as by a separate team of the ZIL design bureau, which subsequently participated in the creation of the KamAZ plant.

The car was similar to the GAZ-53A, but the similarity was limited only to appearance and several common components. The car frame was developed anew, and the elongated body was installed on special cushions that absorbed most of the loads, reducing wear when transporting large loads. Based on the GAZ-33, SAZ also created a dump truck, the body of which was only half a meter shorter than that of the original model.

Dump truck GAZ-33

The carrying capacity was equal to 6 tons in both the on-board and tipper versions, and the drive was two rear axles combined into a common “trolley”. The standard engine used on the GAZ-53A was not suitable due to too little thrust. A new eight-cylinder carburetor unit with a volume of 5.53 liters and a power of 135 horsepower was developed for the car. In essence, it was an engine from the Chaika GAZ-13, adapted to run on A-76 “agricultural” gasoline. The design of the car used a single-stage transfer case with a reduction number, as well as a single-stage power take-off designed for connecting attachments.

During testing, the GAZ-SAZ 33-02 performed excellently. Its cross-country ability was much higher than that of the GAZ-53A thanks to two drive axles. In addition, it was ahead of its direct competitor, the ZIL-170, which was a prototype of the KamAZ-5320. The machine was recognized as suitable for operation in difficult conditions, and could also be sent to agricultural enterprises and collective farms without any special modifications. However, a purely political decision was made - no one was going to refuse to build a plant in Naberezhnye Chelny, and it had to assemble a fundamentally different model of equipment. The GAZ-33 project was forgotten, and after some time, the ZIL-133 and ZIL-133GYA, which corresponded to it in terms of their main characteristics, with a diesel engine produced by the Yaroslavl plant, were released.

Road train for agriculture

In 1984, the SAZ plant showed the SAZ-6008 agricultural road train at an exhibition dedicated to the 60th anniversary of the formation of the Soviet automobile industry. It consisted of a GAZ-4509 truck and a special GKB-8536 trailer. The road train was intended for transportation of grains, vegetables and other agricultural products with a relatively low volumetric mass. Dumping platforms mounted on a truck and trailer could be tilted at an angle of up to 50 degrees in three directions, which made it possible to unload them without disengaging.

Dump truck-road train SAZ-6008

Interestingly, the road train was a kind of concept car. In the form of a road train, a five-ton diesel truck equipped with an air-cooled engine was presented to the public for the first time. For its time, it was quite progressive, but after the start of mass deliveries of foreign-made equipment to the USSR and then to Russia, the car ceased to be in demand. The SAZ-6008 road train was produced in a small series from 1986 to 1993 - approximately 500 units were produced.

All-wheel drive for dump truck

In 1991, production of a civilian modification of the GAZ-66-16 truck began. At the same time, the Saransk plant was given technical specifications for the production of an all-wheel drive dump truck for agriculture and construction in very difficult conditions. In the same year, a car called GAZ-SAZ-3530 appeared, which had unloading on the rear side. In 1992, a model with index 3531 came out of the factory gates, the platform of which could tilt on three sides.

The machine was in great demand only among specialized organizations that serviced oil and gas fields, as well as among builders who worked in the Far North. It turned out to be extremely inconvenient for agriculture. Drivers complained about the cramped cabin, designed for combat use, as well as the low payload of only 2 tons.

Dump truck based on the GAZ-66 all-wheel drive truck

At the same time, the advantage of the chassis, expressed in incredible maneuverability, was completely lost. The chassis arrived at SAZ without a single tire rear axle, as well as a centralized wheel inflation system and mechanical locking of all differentials. As a result, the cross-country ability was only slightly higher than that of the then popular GAZ-SAZ-3507-01 dump truck and much lower than that of the modern Sadko.

Converted conversion GAZ-66s in military configuration, which were also produced by the SAZ plant in the 1990s, were in much greater demand. Thanks to their cross-country ability, they could move freely across wet arable land while loaded.

Modern road train

In the late 90s and early 2000s, Russian manufacturers actively experimented with converting compact commercial vehicles to work as part of road trains. SAZ did not stand aside - experiments were carried out even with compact UAZs and Gazelles.

However, the most successful option is considered to be a small road train built on a Valdai chassis. It received the name SAZ-3414 - this vehicle was designed to transport 7.5 tons of cargo and could be used to travel long distances. Most often, such vehicles were used to transport large-sized cargo with low weight - for example, foam plastic, mineral wool and other insulation materials. In addition, they have found application in “shuttle transportation” due to the ability to change semi-trailers.

Road train based on the Valdai car

Not only standard options were put on sale, but also cars equipped with additional sleeping compartments mounted on the roof or behind the cabin. In addition, the vehicles could be equipped with a power take-off, allowing the use of a dump semi-trailer.

Latest achievements

After the release of Gazelle-Next, the Saransk dump truck plant quickly presented its new model - GAZ-SAZ-35125. It is a compact three-way dump truck with a body volume of 3.45 cubic meters. If necessary, extension sides can be installed on it, which increase the capacity of the internal space of the cargo compartment to 6.9 cubic meters.

The main feature of the model is its very low loading height, which allows manual loading without the use of special mechanisms. It is also worth noting that in the production of the dump body, Italian equipment Di Natali Bertelli is used, which has very high reliability and durability. The compact dump truck GAZ-SAZ-35125 is very popular in the field of civil and road construction, as well as public services.

Dump truck based on Gazelle-Next

Currently, active cooperation between GAZ and the Saransk Dump Truck Plant continues. Both companies exchange technical solutions and documentation, which helps them produce high-quality vehicles used in various fields of human activity. Special SAZ equipment has a number of key advantages:

Affordable prices;
High quality production and use of components from well-known brands;
Flexibility of production, allowing us to make cars as adapted as possible to specific operating conditions.

Therefore, with the further development of the GAZ vehicle model range, we should expect the appearance of new SAZ equipment - compact dump trucks and unique road trains.

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GAZ-SAZ - the most notable models

GAZ-SAZ-2507 new Next dump truck

Beginning of work

Dump truck GAZ-93B

First development

Loader SAZ-2500

Until 1966, 4,383 SAZ-2500 dump trucks were produced.

Three axles for GAZ truck

Currently, GAZ trucks are produced only in a two-axle version. All three-axle equipment is produced exclusively in Miass at the URAL plant. However, at the end of the 60s, a three-axle GAZ-SAZ 33–02 car was tested near Moscow, which participated in a competition between several automobile manufacturers of the USSR.

Dump truck GAZ-33

During testing, the GAZ-SAZ 33–02 performed excellently. Its cross-country ability was much higher than that of the GAZ-53A thanks to two drive axles. In addition, it was ahead of its direct competitor, the ZIL-170, which was a prototype of the KamAZ-5320. The machine was recognized as suitable for operation in difficult conditions, and could also be sent to agricultural enterprises and collective farms without any special modifications. However, a purely political decision was made - no one was going to refuse to build a plant in Naberezhnye Chelny, and it had to assemble a fundamentally different model of equipment. The GAZ-33 project was forgotten, and after some time, the ZIL-133 and ZIL-133GYA, which corresponded to it in terms of their main characteristics, with a diesel engine produced by the Yaroslavl plant, were released.

Road train for agriculture

Dump truck-road train SAZ-6008

All-wheel drive for dump truck

In 1991, production of a civilian modification of the GAZ-66–16 truck began. At the same time, the Saransk plant was given technical specifications for the production of an all-wheel drive dump truck for agriculture and construction in very difficult conditions. In the same year, a car called GAZ-SAZ-3530 appeared, which had unloading on the rear side. In 1992, a model with index 3531 came out of the factory gates, the platform of which could tilt on three sides.

Dump truck based on the GAZ-66 all-wheel drive truck

At the same time, the advantage of the chassis, expressed in incredible maneuverability, was completely lost. The chassis arrived at SAZ without a single tire rear axle, as well as a centralized wheel inflation system and mechanical locking of all differentials. As a result, the cross-country ability was only slightly higher than that of the then popular GAZ-SAZ-3507–01 dump truck and much lower than that of the modern Sadko.

Modern road train

Road train based on the Valdai car

Latest achievements

Dump truck based on Gazelle-Next

Affordable prices;
High quality production and use of components from well-known brands;
Flexibility of production, allowing us to make cars as adapted as possible to specific operating conditions.

Therefore, with the further development of the GAZ vehicle model range, we should expect the appearance of new SAZ equipment - compact dump trucks and unique road trains.