Technical characteristics of the TOP 4 engines suitable for MAZs

What engines are equipped with MAZs?

The engine structure includes the following elements:

• camshaft;
• valve cover;
• release type valve;
• exhaust port;
• head of a cylindrical element;
• MAZ engine cooling system and coolant cavity;
• power unit block;
• sump;
• spark plug;
• inlet type valve;
• inlet;
• piston part;
• connecting rod bearing;
• crankshaft;
• piston rings;
• mounting nuts and bolts.

Depending on the modification of the vehicle, the following engines are installed:

• Deutz;
• Cummins;
• YaMZ;
• Renault;
• Mercedes;
• MAN.

Each motor has different technical characteristics.

YaMZ

The YaMZ-238 engine is produced by the Yaroslavl Automobile Plant.

Technical indicators of this model:

Renault

Renault engine technical parameters:

Mercedes

Technical parameters of MAZ with a Mercedes engine:

MAN

Parameters and indicators of vehicles with a MAN engine:

Transmission

The YaMZ-238B engine is coupled with a YaMZ-238K double-disc clutch, also produced by the Yaroslavl Motor Plant, with a mechanical drive, peripheral coil springs and a pneumatic booster. Driven disks are equipped with a damper device. The outer diameter of the driven disk is 400 mm. It is possible to install a YaMZ-161 single-disk clutch, the outer diameter of the driven disk is 420 mm.

The eight-speed manual transmission of the MAZ-543205 brand is characterized by the presence of a range multiplier and is equipped with two reverse speeds. Synchronizers are available in all gears except reverse. The gear ratios are as follows: I-7.73; II-5.52; III-3.94; IV-2.80; V-1.96; Vl-1.39; VII-1.0; VIII-0.71; ZX-11.78 and 2.99. Speed ​​shifting is carried out through a telescopic drive built into the gearbox.

The cardan transmission consists of one cardan shaft. The main gear is spaced, two-stage: a central bevel gearbox and planetary gears in the wheel hubs; the overall gear ratio is 5.49.

Service

Daily maintenance includes:

1. Checking the level of working fluid in the tank.
2. Checking the oil and coolant levels.
3. Diagnostics of the power unit for damage and defects.
4. Checking the pressure level of oil fluid and air in the pneumatic system.

Motor Maintenance:

1. Conduct an external inspection of the entire mechanism.
2. Identify damaged and worn parts that need to be replaced with new ones.
3. Check the tightness of the mounting nuts and bolts that connect the engine mounts to the inside of the vehicle body.
4. Inspect the muffler, bracket with frame, exhaust pipe ladders with transverse frame.
5. Check the condition and tightness of the connection between the hose and the muffler body.

What kind of oil to fill

Recommended brands: TNK, Sibneft, MX Extra, Lukoil - Avangard. The oil volume should not exceed 8-10 liters, depending on the engine modification.

Changing the engine oil is carried out as follows:

1. Unscrew the drain plug from the crankcase and remove the oil drain cap.
2. Clean all elements from dirt and dust.
3. Drain the old oil.
4. Pour the flushing mixture into the engine housing (10 liters of diesel fuel + 6 liters of oil).
5. Start the engine and let it warm up for 5 minutes. The crankshaft rotation speed should be minimal.
6. Stop the power unit and drain the flushing mixture.
7. Change filter elements.
8. Fill in fresh oil.

Steering and brake control

The design of the steering mechanism is as follows - a screw and a ball nut-rack, which is in clear engagement with the gear sector, and with the built-in power steering distributor. Gear ratio – 23.55. Power steering - with remote hydraulic cylinder.

The service brake system is of a drum type, with mechanisms with a diameter of 420 mm and a lining width of 160 mm. The MAZ-54323 brake system is equipped with a dual-circuit pneumatic drive, and the rear brake chambers are equipped with spring energy accumulators. The parking brake is carried out on the brakes of the rear wheels from spring energy accumulators, the drive of which is pneumatic.

The spare brake system is combined with the parking system. A pneumatically controlled motor retarder is used as an auxiliary brake. The semi-trailer brake drive is combined (two- and single-wire). There is a special fuse against condensate freezing.

Major renovation

Procedure during engine overhaul:

1. Place the transport on a special stand.
2. Remove the power unit.
3. Wash the motor.
4. Carry out an external inspection of the mechanism for the presence of cracks on the block of cylindrical elements, an increase in the gap between the valves, and for runout of the crankshaft.
5. Measure the correct geometry of the rubbing surfaces.
6. Repair all cracks.
7. Carry out restoration of guide type bushings.
8. Sand the surface of the mechanism.
9. Check the valves for tightness.
10. Replace oil seals.
11. Grind the crankshaft to the repair size of the liner.
12. Replace piston rings, seals and gaskets.
13. Add fresh oil.

Technical specifications in numbers

• Length of the tractor – 5,980 m, Width – 2,500 m, Height – 3,650 m;
• Wheelbase – 3,550 m;
• Turning radius on the outer wheel – 8.3 m;
• Turning diameter – 9 meters;
• Curb weight of the vehicle – 7.05 tons;
• Gross vehicle weight – 16 tons;
• Gross trailer weight – 26.8 tons;
• The total weight of the road train is 34 tons;
• Front axle load – 7 tons; on the rear axle (trolley) – 10 tons;
• Fifth wheel load - 8.8 tons;
• Fuel tank volume – 500 liters;
• The braking distance of a road train from 60 km/h is 36.7 m;
• The control diesel fuel consumption of the road train is 32.3 liters at 60 km/h, 41.8 liters at 80 km/h.

Weight of components and assemblies

• YaMZ engine without gearbox and clutch – 1150 kg, with clutch and gearbox – 1600 kg;
• Front axle – 443 kg, rear axle – 694 kg;
• Frame – 650 kg;
• Cabin – 645 kg.

The fifth wheel coupling device “MAZ-54323” is semi-automatic, with two degrees of freedom.

Engine replacement

In order to replace the motor, you must do the following:

1. Place the car on a special stand.
2. Unscrew the mounting bolts and nuts from the mechanism body.
3. Remove the gearbox together with the coupling housing.
4. Unscrew the fasteners from the casing and remove the pressure plate.
5. Pull out the driven disk.
6. Remove the middle drive and front driven disk of the coupling device.
7. Undo the starter bolts.
8. Remove the starter, generator set, and air brake compressor.
9. Remove the fan impeller.
10. Remove the air filter element.
11. Remove 4 bolts from the plug.
12. Install a new engine.
13. Reassemble the elements by performing all steps in reverse order.

Historical facts

As many people know, YaMZ series engines are installed on cars and buses of the Minsk Automobile Plant. The history of engine installation begins in wartime, when pavilions for the assembly of heavy equipment for the Wehrmacht were organized in Minsk. And already in 1944, according to a decree of the USSR government, construction of the plant began. In parallel with this, Minsk begins production of GMC and Studebaker cars.

With the support of the Yaroslavl plant in 1947, the first five domestic MAZ-205 trucks rolled off the assembly line of the Minsk plant. By and large, the MAZ-205 is a modified version of the YaAZ-205 truck, which was manufactured in Yaroslavl. From that moment on, almost all MAZ vehicles began to be equipped with engines supplied by the Yaroslavl plant.

Price of a used MAZ-54323 on the secondary car market

The new MAZ-54323 truck tractor cannot be found: in the 2010s, this model was replaced in the price list of the Minsk Automobile Plant by more modern similar vehicles. But the secondary car market is replete with offers for the sale of cars of this brand. This is not surprising, given its popularity in Russia and the CIS. Cars from the late 80s/early 90s are offered for 160-300 thousand rubles; for MAZ cars from the mid and late 90s - 350-450 thousand. From half a million to 650 thousand rubles will be asked for a MAZ-54323 manufactured in the early 2000s.