Fuel consumption of the Gazelle 406, carburetor - different sources provide different data. In the article we will look at what types of engines there are for the Gazelle 406, and how they differ in key indicators: fuel consumption per hundred kilometers, advantages and disadvantages, factors that affect fuel consumption and how, is it possible to reduce the number of liters of fuel consumed.
Fuel Consumption on 406 Engine Injector
Technical characteristics of the ZMZ 406, 405, 409 engine. The engines of this modification are the first domestic engines with a distributed fuel injection system and four-valve gas distribution. The ancestor of the line was the ZMZ 406 engine. However, some of these engines were produced with carburetors. The units were modified to run on 92 and 76 (80) gasoline. The 406 injection engine was not a modification of the carburetor, but quite the opposite. This is an independent development.
The use of injectors improved the quality of mixture formation and eliminated inevitable fuel losses when purging the cylinder. With a carburetor fuel system, when the intake and exhaust valves are open simultaneously, purging is carried out with a gasoline-air mixture. Fuel injection allows you to clean the combustion chamber of residual gases with clean air. An increase in the number of valves ensures that the cylinder is filled with more air charge. Together, these measures increase liter power and improve fuel efficiency. The traction, dynamic and speed qualities of the car are improved.
List of internal combustion engine modifications
Initially, the engine was designed to be fuel-injected, so version 4062.10 is considered the basic one. The need for carburetor modifications 4061.10 and 4063.10 arose later. They were installed on Gazelle, so while maintaining the volume of the combustion chambers, it was necessary to reduce the owner’s operating costs. To do this, ZMZ management lowered the compression ratio in order to switch the engines to cheaper A-76 fuel.
Versions of the ZMZ 406 engine differ in combustion chambers
A reverse modernization was made with motors 4061 and 4063:
- reduced power and torque;
- XX speed became 750 min-1 instead of 800 min-1;
- Maximum torque is achieved at 3500 rpm, rather than 4000.
Everything else mounted is located in the same places without changes. Some parts are interchangeable, with the exception of the cylinder head and piston.
Gas 2217 Engine gas ZMZ 406 23 l100 l s
| 406 engine increased consumption To drive the camshafts, an original chain design is used, equipped with hydraulic tensioning devices that operate automatically. For example, early modifications with a GAZ-5602 engine burned on the highway at a speed of 60 km/h no more than 7.2 liters of diesel fuel per 100 km of track; measurements were taken with a full load. |
A little history • Volga 31105 Chrysler did its job and sold well.
What to do if the consumption is prohibitive
First, try to find the reason for the high fuel costs. Check the ignition system - problems often arise there, which entail an increase in fuel consumption by 1.5-2 times.
Brakes are a completely separate “world” inside the car. The adjustment valve often becomes unusable, and sometimes the brake pads themselves are faulty
, which begin to jam and go back. This not only entails an increase in fuel consumption, but can also result in an accident, because no one knows at what point the brakes will fail.
Check bearings, wheel alignment, check pressure. And, of course, don't forget about the transmission.
If you were unable to find the problem and fix it, we recommend contacting a service station.
Dimensions
Chassis
Fuel
Engine
There is no car enthusiast who would not be concerned about the fuel consumption of his car. A psychologically important mark is the value of 10 liters per hundred. If the consumption is less than ten liters, then this is considered good, but if it is higher, then it requires explanation. In the last few years, fuel consumption of about 6 liters per 100 km has been considered optimal in terms of economy.
Fuel consumption of the GAZ 31105 Volga ranges from 9.7 to 13.8 liters per 100 km.
Reasons: Gazelle next
The author of this story talks in detail about how good the original is and what a crooked copy it turned out to be, which during the finishing process was made completely unusable. Leakage of the LPG system not only affects the vehicle's increased consumption of the gas mixture, but can also cause air leaks, which in turn leads to increased fuel consumption and loss of vehicle power.
| Manufacturer | GAS |
| Years of production | 1992-1997 |
| Assembly | GAZ (Nizhny Novgorod, Russia) |
| Class | average |
| Other designations | “Barge”, “Oslo-ox”, “Musk-ox”, “29th”. |
| Design | |
| Body type(s) | 4-door sedan (5-seater) |
| Layout | front-engine, rear-wheel drive |
| Engines | |
| 1 | ZMZ-402.10 |
| 2 | ZMZ-4021.10 |
| 3 | ZMZ-4062.10 |
| Transmission | manual, four-speed or five-speed, synchronized in all forward gears |
| Mass-dimensional | |
| Length | 4885 mm |
| Width | 1795 mm |
| Height | 1488 mm |
| Weight | 1420 kg |
| Dynamic | |
| Acceleration to 100 km/h | 20 seconds (ZMZ 402.10) |
| Max. speed | 147 km/h |
| On the market | |
| Predecessor | GAZ-24-10 and GAZ-24-12 |
| Successor | GAZ-3110 |
| Similar models | GAZ-3102 |
| Other | |
| Fuel consumption | 11.5 - 13.5 l/100 km |
| Volume of the tank | 55 liters (optional 70 liters) |
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Owner reviews about actual consumption. Engine 406 characteristics
| How to reduce fuel consumption on a 406 carburetor engine Since 2010, the minivan has been equipped with a UMZ-4216 engine, and a few months later the manufacturer announced the start of production of the Cummins ISF 2 turbodiesel. Due to the large diameter of the pistons, the block and cylinder head are sensitive to overheating, so the level of working fluids should be monitored regularly oil and antifreeze. |
| How to reduce fuel consumption on a 406 carburetor engine Models with a Cummins engine and an all-wheel drive system consume an average of 12 liters of fuel; in the city, due to traffic jams or turning on the air conditioner, fuel consumption reaches 15 liters. For example, hydraulic compensators and hydraulic tensioners need high-quality semi-synthetic oil, and not mineral water of unknown origin that was fed to 402 engines. |
- front and rear wings;
- hood;
- bumpers;
- taillights and headlights;
- doors.
K151D • But in the opposite case, serious problems may arise, not counting the fact that power will be lost and gasoline consumption will increase.
Advantages and disadvantages
A negative feature of the ZMZ 406 power drive is the low quality of casting and poor technical solutions:
- high oil consumption due to unfinished ring design;
- low timing life of the drive due to the tensioner, collapsible block star and bulky design as a whole.
Fuel consumption is high, but this is typical for most truck engines.
But vibrations are reduced, the cylinder head does not unscrew during operation, the gasket does not need to be constantly changed, and the nuts do not need to be tightened. The maintainability of all components is high, the design itself is reliable and simple. The user is spared the need to adjust valve clearances every 20,000 miles.
Intake manifold injector
What cars were equipped with the ZMZ 406 engine?
If there are malfunctions in the carburetor or engine that affect the stability of idle speed, there is no point in adjusting the idle speed; you must first fix the problem. Torque torque 177,201 Nm at 4200 rpm Weight 192 kg Compression ratio 9.3 Power injector carburetor Engine type in-line petrol Ignition switched Number of cylinders 4 Location of the first cylinder TVE Number of valves on each cylinder 4 Cylinder head material aluminum alloy Intake manifold duralumin Exhaust manifold cast iron Camshaft 2 pcs.
What else should you pay attention to Engine 406 characteristics
Having purchased a car with a 406 engine, in some cases it is necessary to revise the electrical equipment, replacing Russian sensors with Boshev ones, and improve the design of the hydraulic chain tensioner. To identify and eliminate this cause, you should contact a specialized service station or independently check all connections and pipes for leaks by soaping.
| Exact volume | 2286 cm³ |
| Supply system | carburetor |
| Engine power | 100 hp |
| Torque | 182 Nm |
| Cylinder block | aluminum R4 |
| Block head | aluminum 16v |
| Cylinder diameter | 92 mm |
| Piston stroke | 86 mm |
| Compression ratio | 8.0 |
| Features of internal combustion engines | No |
| Hydraulic compensators | Yes |
| Timing drive | chain |
| Phase regulator | No |
| Turbocharging | No |
| What kind of oil to pour | 6.0 liters 10W-40 |
| Fuel type | AI-76 |
| Environmental class | EURO 0 |
| Approximate resource | 220,000 km |
Design Features
Officially, the ZMZ 406 engine became the third after 24D and 402 in the line of power drives of the Zavolzhsky plant. Received microprocessor ignition, DOCH gas distribution circuit with a two-stage chain drive.
The developers still used an in-line engine design with 4 cylinders, but there were two camshafts, they are located on top, inside the cylinder head. The compression ratio of the internal combustion engine was increased by the plant designers to 9.3 in the basic version 4062.10 due to the central location of the spark plug inside the combustion chamber.
Gas distribution mechanism design
Reliability is increased due to a cast-iron cylinder block without liners, a reduction in the piston stroke to 86 mm and the weight of the entire ShPG group. The connecting rods, bolts, crankshaft and piston rings are made from high-strength materials, so major overhauls are required less frequently.
Timing chain tensioner
The chain tensioners are automatic, double-acting - preloaded by a spring during hydraulic operation. The degree of oil purification is increased by installing a full-flow disposable filter. A separate V-belt drive is provided for attachments. The ECU firmware corresponds to SOATE, ITELMA VS5.6, MIKAS 5.4 or 7.1 versions
With a diesel engine • Gas engine ZMZ 406 23 l100 l s
| ZMZ 406 engine: technical characteristics of injection and carburetor options. The fuel consumption of the carburetor GAZelle GAZ 33023 farmer with an engine capacity of 2.2 liters is eleven and a half liters per hundred kilometers. As the mixture warms up, it becomes leaner automatically; if a carburetor is used, the driver opens the damper manually, which leads to a decrease in the parameter to 0.7-0.8 liters per hour. |
- adhere to the maximum permissible driving speed;
- in addition to the gasoline engine, install an LPG, which will allow you to alternately use two types of fuel;
- always maintain the car in technically sound condition;
- avoid malfunctions, check all components and parts of the fuel supply system for cracks and breaks;
- check the fuel tank for integrity, prevent leakage of fuel and lubricants;
- carry out tuning of the Gazelle after a certain number of kilometers stated in the technical passport.
Gazelle Next • The space above the car's fuel tank is connected to a vapor collection system through a filter, which is a coal-based device.
Factors on which fuel consumption depends
There are a number of factors affecting the fuel consumption of a Gazelle car:
- fuel consumption primarily depends on the driver himself;
- timely speed switching;
- frequent stops along the way;
- proper condition of the car;
- high-quality fuels and lubricants;
- minimal use of additional functions.
| Engine | Consumption (highway) | Consumption (city) | Consumption (mixed cycle) |
| 2.2 (gasoline) | 10.1 l/100 km | 14.5 l/100 km | 12 l/100 km |
If the speed of the Gazelle corresponds to the acceptable parameters, then the problem of increasing the number of liters of gasoline, diesel or gas used can be avoided. You should also limit the number of sudden stops and starts.
One of the important factors is that when starting to move, it is necessary to switch to a higher gear as soon as possible.
This will also significantly reduce the use of fuel and lubricants.
If you live in a metropolis, you should be aware in advance of the presence of traffic jams along your route, since you can stand in traffic jams for several hours. In this case, the Gazelle engine does not turn off and, accordingly, fuel consumption increases. It is better to choose a longer road, but at the same time you can save on fuel.
Benefits of installing a 406 engine
The Volga car, model 31105, is equipped with a 406 injection engine. At the moment, such a car is considered quite durable and impressive in its technical characteristics. And all this thanks to the engine. The 406 engine replaced the 402 type. Unfortunately, it constantly overheated, which put it out of action. The 406 engine is able to gain speed faster and works properly even in the hot season.
ZMZ 406 injection engine ready for installation on gas 31105
The engine is capable of storing all fault data. You can get them using a special tester. This can be done in the service. However, such a procedure costs a lot. When the battery is disconnected, all data is erased.
We can conclude that the GAZ 31105 with the 406 engine will serve faithfully for quite a long time. You should not replace it with a Chrysler engine if it breaks down. It will fail much more often and burn much more gasoline. If some kind of malfunction occurs, it is better to purchase the 406 injection engine again.
According to customer reviews, a car with such an engine works quite quickly, does not break down, and is stable in both heat and cold. The popularity of the Volga has not faded over the years, since here we are talking about reliability. So if you have to choose such a car, the first thing you need to look at is the type of engine. If your car has a 406 engine, then you can safely go to a service center to check it for serviceability.
How to adjust the carburetor?
Such an engine is produced at the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant, supplying components to. This is the best product of the entire line. Such an engine can be found on.
- City cycle: 15.0 l
- Extra-urban cycle: 12.8 l
- Combined cycle: 14.0 l
- City cycle: 13.0 l
- Extra-urban cycle: 12.0 l
- Mixed cycle: 11.0 l
A huge number of freight transports are carried out using Gazelles, which are manufactured at the Gorky Automobile Plant. The 406 engine is presented in three modifications - two carburetor and injection, including. It should be noted that the latest engine can be installed not only on minibuses, but even on passenger cars.
As for the advantages of this engine, its amazing efficiency comes to the fore, given its fairly high power. If handled correctly, the engine will be reliable and last a long time. The only thing is that it is harmful in terms of the quality of oil and spark plugs. Frequent overheating of the engine is also possible because the cooling system does not work correctly, and the fan may fail altogether.
Well, you can never do without disadvantages and this engine is no exception. In general, this unit is quite reliable among its competitors and is in demand and respect among car enthusiasts. You don’t have to worry about spare parts either, since stores have a wide range of parts for this engine. Considering the exorbitant prices for repairing engines from foreign manufacturers, the 406 model is quite inexpensive to maintain, which is very good.
The volume of both carburetor and injection engines is about 2.5 liters. But, what is very important, the first carburetor engine should be filled with 76 gasoline, the injection engine with 92 gasoline, and the second carburetor also with 92 gasoline. Power varies from 100 to 145 horsepower, depending on the modification.
Engine GAZ ZMZ 406 2.3 l/100 l. With
An 8-liter Cummins ISF diesel engine and an all-wheel drive system burns up to 12 liters of diesel fuel on the highway at 80 km/h; the technical data sheet indicates consumption at 10.8 liters per 100 km. smooth operation of the gas pedal, preferably with the first chamber of the carburetor, with rpm accelerating to 3000, when opening the second chamber on the gas, a drop in power should be felt, and if it is not there, then this indicates that the mixture is rich and the consumption is increased.
Appearance
length 5540 mm width 2066 mm cabin height 2210 mm awning height 2660 Front wheel track, mm 1720 Rear wheel track between the centers of dual tires, mm 1560 Ground clearance under the rear axle housing at full weight, mm 190 Base, mm 2900. Just then she entered into an agreement with Ford Motor Company, according to which both companies were to cooperate and help each other in the manufacture of cars.
Reducing fuel consumption on the Gazelle: ZMZ-406 engine
| Fuel consumption per 100 km Sable engine 406 injector High speed XX 1 breakdown of sensors2 no contact of the regulator XX3 torn crankcase ventilation hoses 1 replacement of sensors2 restoration of contact3 replacement of hoses Cylinder failure 1 ECU malfunction2 failure of the coil3 breakdown of the spark plug tip4 breakdown of the injector 1 replacement of the control unit2 repair of the coil3 replacement of the tip4 repair replacement of the injector Unstable operation of the internal combustion engine 1 air leaks 2 water in the fuel tank 1 restoration of tightness, replacement of gaskets 2 draining gasoline, drying the tank Engine does not start 1 failure of the ignition system 2 fuel supply is disrupted 1 replacement of the coil, contact 2 replacement of the filter, pressure reducing valve, adjustment phases, replacing the fuel pump. If you want to convert your 406 carburetor or injection engine to gas equipment, then you should note that it gets along well with propane and methane. |
- The official and real fuel consumption of the GAZ 31105 per 100 km may differ - and this is normal. It is not normal when the difference reaches several liters. In this case, you should contact the service.
- In winter and summer, consumption differs quite significantly. In the case of GAZ 31105, the difference can reach from 1 to 3 liters.
- Fuel consumption 31105 per 100 km on the highway, in the city and off-road can also vary from one to five liters (off-road).
Oil system
For engines of the 406 family, it is recommended to use mineral all-season oil 10(15)w40 or API grade no worse than SG. Perhaps this recommendation is due to the fact that the engine plant produces oils under its own brand.
In fact, it is worth focusing on the API rating and choosing the oil viscosity in accordance with the climatic operating conditions of the engine. The description of the API oil standard indirectly dates the development of this engine to 1989-1993.
You should pay attention to the quality of the lubricating fluid itself, since stable characteristics ensure better and longer-lasting operation of hydraulic compensators.
The capacity of the power unit oil system differs depending on the make of the car. Thus, for cars of the UAZ family, the design of the engine sump was changed.
