Advantages and disadvantages of the Oryol front loader TO-30

Technical characteristics of the TO-30 loader

Over the years of production, the machine has earned a good reputation due to its low cost, reliability and maintainability. The geography of supplies of TO-30 is wide. First of all, these are countries of the socialist camp. The sold cars are still in operation in Poland and Bulgaria, Cuba and Laos. Several hundred copies went to their owners in Western Europe. And although now the characteristics of the loader can hardly be called outstanding, for its time it was quite good and had a design typical for equipment of this purpose.

Pressure is normal for forklifts

Optimal tire pressure for forklifts provides the necessary conditions for operating the equipment. Too high tire pressure worsens depreciation, increases the load on the main components of the equipment, and leads to rapid wear of the tread. Overinflated tires reduce the controllability and stability of the forklift on uneven surfaces and can cause it to tip over.

Insufficient pressure in the forklift tires increases the contact patch, resulting in the forklift using more fuel to overcome the increased traction. In addition, the side parts of the tread wear out faster, creases and even cord breaks occur. However, reduced pressure on weak and slippery surfaces improves the vehicle's maneuverability.

Pressure standards in pneumatic tires depend on the following criteria:

• cord design (diagonal/radial),
• maximum load (load index),
• maximum speed.

Frame

The TO-30 frame, consisting of two parts, is articulated and equipped with hydraulic drives. The machine is controlled by bending the frame, which has certain disadvantages, but increases the maneuverability and maneuverability of the loader. Its turning radius along the outer dimensions of the bucket is only 5 meters. The same system as the frame hydraulic drives powers the installed attachments and even the brake system. The hydraulic pump has enough power to lift and transport 2.2 tons of cargo.

Advantages of the DM09 snow blower:

Main components:

• The snow loader is driven by a power unit located at the rear of the machine. The unit includes a diesel engine, a clutch and a pump unit for driving the travel and working equipment.
• The hydrostatic transmission of a snow loader consists of an adjustable pump and a non-adjustable hydraulic motor, which drives the front and rear drive axles through a final drive and cardan shafts. The final drive provides two ranges of machine movement - working and transport, as well as the ability to disable the front axle.
• The snow blower chassis is equipped with service brakes built into all wheels.
• The direction of movement of the snow loader is changed by a hydraulic steering wheel acting through a hydraulic cylinder and on the steering levers of the sprung front axle.
• Hydraulic equipment provides drive and positioning control of the working equipment of the paw snow blower (shovel and conveyor).

Motor and gearbox

The power unit is unified with the MTZ-80 tractor. By the way, the well-proven D-240 engine, depending on the modification, develops a power of 78 - 81 hp. pp., became widespread and was installed on various equipment. Even now, when more modern and powerful power units have appeared, it remains in demand. Of course, the engine modifications installed on the TO-30 no longer meet modern environmental standards, and their fuel efficiency leaves much to be desired. But reliability and maintainability are at their best. Working in tandem with a hydromechanical four-speed gearbox, the motor allows the loader to move forward at a speed of 35 km/h. The reverse speed is slightly less - 20.9 km/h.

Video review of the XCMG LW300F front loader

Tractor Amkodor

We offer a short review of Amkodor tractors from the Belarusian manufacturer. The Amkodor plant was founded in early 1927 of the last century. Over the more than 90-year history of its existence, designers have developed and created various road and transport heavy equipment intended for loading, unloading and earth-moving operations.

At this point in time, more than 120 units of equipment that came off the assembly line of the Belarusian plant are in demand on the world market.

This technique is different:

• reliability;
• maintainability;
• high power characteristics;
• decent performance qualities;
• versatility.

Model range overview

Thanks to the efforts of engineers at the Amkodor plant, the following tractors appeared.

Universal tractor

Universal tractor Amkodor loader, equipped with a spacious bucket. It is used to load, transport and unload bulk materials. The tractor is used in construction and quarries. The carrying capacity of these machines is 2-3 tons.

The model range is represented by the following units:

• Amkodor 320
• Amkodor 320E
• Amkodor 332С4
• Amkodor 332С4-01
• Amkodor 342С4
• Amkodor 352S
• Amkodor 352С-02

Front loaders

Front loaders are actively used in construction. This tractor is also equipped with a bucket on which a specially shaped active knife is installed, which allows you not only to pick up and load loads, but also to dig the ground with its help.

The lineup is as follows:

• Amkodor 332V
• Amkodor 333V
• Amkodor 352
• Amkodor 342V
• Amkodor 332V-01
• Amkodor 333V-01
• Amkodor 371
• Amkodor 371A-02

Timber loading tractors

Timber loading tractors. Designed for stacking and loading and unloading operations in logging warehouses.

The lineup:

• Amkodor 352L
• Amkodor 352L-01
• Amkodor 352L-02

Forklifts

Forklifts. Hard-working tractors, widely used in industrial warehouses, ports and other places where loaded pallets need to be transported. Presented by 1 model - Amkodor-451A tractor loader.

Excavators

Excavators (there are wheeled and tracked versions). These machines are widely used for loading and unloading, earthmoving, transport work in quarries, quarries, etc.

The lineup:

• Amkodor 3225
• Amkodor EO-3223
• Amkodor 3255
• Amkodor EW-1400

Skid Steer Loaders

Skid steer loaders are versatile machines for working in tight spaces. The tractor picks up the load with a bucket (or special jaw grippers), lifts it, turns its body around and unloads the load - loader 211E-0001.

Backhoe loaders

Backhoe loaders. These tractors are equipped with two buckets at once, which are designed for digging trenches up to 5 m deep.

The lineup:

• Amkodor 732
• Amkodor 702EA
• Amkodor 732-10
• Amkodor 702EV

Thanks to the presented photos, we can visually evaluate the equipment offered by the Belarusian manufacturer, as well as imagine the work for which the tractor is intended.

User manual

New Amkodor tractors have a frame structure that is connected using hinges. The tractor bridge base consists of semi-frames.

The unique brake system is divided into two:

• main;
• parking

The first works while the car is moving, the second - when idle. For loader and bulldozer buckets, the manufacturer offers a variety of replacement knives with dimensions: 2500x200x25 mm. and 2650x200x25 mm.

Popular models: welded knife TO-18D.21.01.025 for a loader, bucket knife TO-18 made of boron steel 450NV, with 1 bevel, hardened, welded, bulldozer blade knife Amkodor 332, 332С-01, 332С-02, 332С-03 and the blade of the front loader bucket DZ-133.

Maintenance

Amkodor tractors are reliable and time-tested equipment. Timely inspection and maintenance will protect the machine from breakdowns for a long time. But if a breakdown does occur, repairing the car will not take much time, since all consumables and spare parts are available and are available in a wide range.

The main stages of maintenance include the following processes:

• Changing engine oil - every 250 operating hours, the manufacturer recommends using Lukoil oils, which have shown themselves to work well both when testing equipment and during its further operation.
• The transmission oil is changed every 1000 operating hours, and it is recommended to use TNK Trans brand oils.
• Do not forget to monitor the quality of diesel fuel and oils - only high-quality working fluids will ensure the smooth operation of systems and mechanisms, and also protect the tractor from breakdowns.

Basic malfunctions and ways to eliminate them

The full version of the fault table is available in the instructions. Let's pay attention to breakdowns associated with starting the power plant.

Why the power plant does not start:

• There is no fuel.
• The quality of the fuel does not meet the requirements.
• The crankcase does not contain oil.
• The fuel pump has failed.
• The injectors are clogged.
• Filters require replacement.
• The battery is low.

Owner reviews

Vitaly, 39 years old:

“I had to work on an excavator.
Amkodor has proven itself to be a durable earth-moving machine, unpretentious in maintenance and easy to operate. The hydraulics and base are powerful. The price of the new tractor is also affordable and, what’s nice, justified. No newfangled bells and whistles, everything is very clear and works.” Vitaly, 39 years old:
“I had to work on an excavator. Amkodor has proven itself to be a durable earth-moving machine, unpretentious in maintenance and easy to operate. The hydraulics and base are powerful. The price of the new tractor is also affordable and, what’s nice, justified. No newfangled bells and whistles, everything is very clear and works.”

Andrey, 26 years old:

“The machine is durable and irreplaceable under construction conditions. The bucket's lifting capacity is solid. But there is no ergonomics - dust, dirt, noise, shaking - these are all Amkodor tractor loaders. In 2.5 years there were 2 breakdowns, repairs without problems, no problems with spare parts.”

Which remedy is most effective?

Efficiency refers to the ability to perform work most quickly and safely under certain conditions. After all, no snow loader can be effective in all conditions.

For loading heaps 4 meters or more in height, only a wheeled self-propelled excavator is suitable.

To clean heaps whose height does not exceed 4 meters, you can use:

• excavator;
• heavy front loader (for example, MoAZ-40482).

However, most enterprises cannot afford to purchase such equipment, so they make do with units based on the usual MTZ 82 and MTZ 1221.

These loaders have a maximum snow pile height of 3.45 meters.

Shovel and rotary auger snow loaders are designed for cleaning snow piles up to 130 centimeters high.

Their undeniable advantage is that during operation they require much less action from the driver. After all, it is enough for him to control the slow and smooth movement forward, the rest will be done by the technology.

However, operating these types of forklifts requires truck drivers to do much more.

After all, they need to move forward slowly and smoothly, and this mode of movement negatively affects:

• engine;
• gearbox

Another extremely important indicator for assessing efficiency is the ability to use the loader for other work from spring to autumn.

The following are in demand all year round for various jobs:

• excavators;
• front loaders.

Shovel and rotary auger loaders are only suitable for snow removal and are therefore less effective throughout the year.
Another important parameter is the loading height of a dump truck or flatbed truck.

To load snow into the body, it must first be raised above the body.

Therefore, only excavators are used to load large-tonnage dump trucks and Tonar-type semi-trailers.

Any type of loader is well suited for loading most dump trucks based on medium trucks (KAMAZ, KrAZ), so their efficiency depends only on the depth of the snow.

Do not forget about such characteristics of the snow loader as:

• maneuverability;
• size.

After all, snow must be removed not only from the sides of major roads, but also from sidewalks. And normal-sized loaders cannot always cope with this.

Therefore, many utilities serving residential areas purchase mini-loaders that work without problems even in the narrowest of spaces:

• yards;
• aisles

Most popular models

We have compiled a table that includes the most popular models of loaders used for loading snow.

Unfortunately, many manufacturers only disclose the price of their products to potential buyers.

If you are interested in a snow loader and you need:

• price;
• photo;
• other information,

which is not included in the table, then follow the link to the manufacturer’s website.

We also recommend that you read the information about the cost of snow cleaning and removal services.

The correct selection of a snow loader is one of the conditions for safe road maintenance in winter and early spring.

Now you know:

• what devices are used for loading snow;
• How do these devices differ from each other?

This will help you choose the right type and model of forklift that will fully suit your conditions.

If you are interested in how a loader cleans the streets and unloads snow into a dump truck, then watch this video:

Application area

The terms of reference issued for the development of the loader initially assumed that the machine would be used to solve certain loading and unloading tasks:

• Packaged cargo.
• Bulk materials.
• Piece cargo.

For this purpose, the main attachments were developed - a bucket, loading forks and a traverse on which a winch with a hook was attached. But experience using the loader has shown that its capabilities are much wider. Having given way to a new model on the assembly line, the TO-30 faithfully continues to serve builders and miners, metallurgists and farmers. There are still people who want to purchase this reliable equipment. And there is such a possibility.

Pneumatic tires

The advantage of these tires is their low cost and ability to absorb loads that are transmitted to the body and suspension of the loader.

Pneumatic tires can be tubed or tubeless , bias-ply or radial . These tires are best used for a loader operating on a flat floor or high-quality road surface.

The tire itself consists of cord threads located diagonally and there are many more layers of such threads - it is due to this that greater rigidity is achieved.

Tire pressure 10 atmospheres . For this reason, changing a tire or tube can be a dangerous undertaking that requires special tools, equipment and skills.

Pneumatic tires are significantly cheaper, have better shock-absorbing properties, significantly reduce the load on the rear suspension of the loader, and have less weight. Thanks to these qualities, they can be used both inside and outside warehouses without a perfectly level road base. When using special metal anti-slip chains, pneumatic wheels allow the equipment to operate on icy road surfaces in winter.