Construction, repair and maintenance of MTZ walk-behind tractors

The MTZ 05 walk-behind tractor is a classic model of agricultural machinery; it is popular among summer residents due to its versatility and multifunctionality. This unit is designed for cultivating plants, preparing soil for sowing, removing weeds and transporting various construction materials. The production of equipment from this manufacturer began back in 1978, and over time the model was improved. Modern MTZ 05 walk-behind tractors have improved technical characteristics and different engines.

Models of these walk-behind tractors have different engines

Description

The production of Belarus walk-behind tractors began in 1978 with the MTZ-05 model. Since then, interest in these units has not waned, because their main advantage is reliability and excellent technical characteristics. The ability to be aggregated with any type of attachment makes MTZ walk-behind tractors even more functional and in demand in small and medium-sized agriculture. Some of the hitch requires some work, but the owners do not consider this a problem.

Motoblock MTZ-05

Attractive in appearance and simple inside, the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor is still in use today and is popular in the secondary market.

Below is a diagram that clearly demonstrates the structure of the walk-behind tractor and the location of all components

Motoblock "Belarus" MTZ-05

Before you begin repairing any unit or part, you must familiarize yourself with the presented diagram. This will help not only to understand where the necessary mechanisms are located, but also to establish the relationship between them. Refinement of the walk-behind tractor and its repair will be carried out much faster and more efficiently.

Engine

Early models were equipped with domestically produced engines UD-15 and UD-25. But as the device improved and new models were released, walk-behind tractors with a Japanese-made Honda engine installed on them became widespread. They were distinguished by increased service life and operational reliability.

Engine UD 15

Engine UD 25

However, the cost of such units was also high, therefore, in order to reduce the cost of products, motors from the Chinese manufacturer Lifan began to be installed in production. The quality was slightly inferior to the Japanese Honda, but in general, they were considered an excellent alternative. Many owners decided to modernize their unit and did not regret it. It is safe to say that the use of imported motors will only improve the performance of the unit.

The problems and solutions described below were made based on feedback from owners.

Difficulty starting the engine

Typically, this problem arose for the following reasons:

Difficult fuel supply and, as a result, its shortage. The first thing to do is check the amount of fuel in the tank. If everything is in order and there is fuel, clean the air and fuel filters. Make sure that the connection between the carburetor and the head is tight enough. Check the fuel pump and its functionality.
There may be problems with the ignition system. Check the contact of the magneto with the spark plugs. The magneto must be working and produce a spark. If the integrity of the wires or the insulation of the electrodes is broken, or there is some kind of gap between them, then problems will arise. You can try starting the engine by quickly and sharply pressing the pedal. Make sure the accelerator is working.

Crankshaft does not function or turns slowly

It is necessary to check the reliability of the fastenings of the starter and battery wires, which may come loose over time and contact is lost;
The battery must be fully charged, intact and in working order;
The engine must be warmed up to operating temperature;
Avoid slipping of the freewheel. If the clutch slips in the starter drive, replace it;
The drive gears and spline must be well lubricated;
The commutator and brushes must be clean and in good working order;
Check the armature winding and, if a fault is found, replace it.

The engine has started, but the starter does not turn off

If such a problem occurs, the starter requires repair. Possible causes include jamming of the starter drive or failure of the relay armature.

Intermittent operation of the MTZ walk-behind tractor

There may be malfunctions in the functioning of the ignition system, therefore, first of all, it is necessary to check the spark plugs or replace them. It is also possible that dirt can get into the carburetor, which can cause instability.

Gearbox repair

If adjusting the clutch and replacing gears did not bring any results, then it is necessary to disassemble the gearbox and evaluate the condition of the remaining components. Let's look at the step-by-step instructions for disassembling and repairing the gearbox of the MTZ 05 walk-behind tractor:

Fix the unit on the stand and remove the springs and clutch discs with a hook.
Remove the fungus from the shaft and straighten the washer.
Next, lock the gears and unscrew the drum nut.
Remove the drum and thrust bushing.
Then remove the bearing retaining plate.
Unscrew the covers from the gearbox.
Check the condition of the roller springs. They should move freely in the channels, but at the same time not lose their elasticity.
Remove the fixing wire from the pin and use the attachment to knock it out.
Remove the shift fork. If there are traces of the body on it, then the part needs to be sharpened.
Remove the rod from the intermediate shaft. From the inside it goes to the differential, and from the outside you will need to get steel balls; you can carry out the procedure with a magnet. Do not remove the rod until you have removed all the balls.
Next, use a tool to knock out the intermediate shaft.
After this, we check the condition of the gear and intermediate shaft bearings. If the parts are not worn out, then we install them in place. Otherwise, we make a replacement.
Next, you need to check the overlap of the shaft windows with the rod. To do this, the shaft must be driven into place, the rod must also be installed and the gear fork must be secured. Then we turn on the gears one by one, fixing them. At this stage, it is necessary to ensure that the rod in both windows reliably overlaps. Once the setup is complete, we proceed to reassembly.
First of all, we hammer in the bearing and attach a washer to it.
We install the shaft, install new balls.
We put all the gears on the shaft.
We drive the shaft.
We install the rod.
We fix the gear fork.
We fasten the washer and drive the bearing.
Replace the springs and differential fork.
Screw on the housing covers.
We clamp the levers.
We install the engine.

This is interesting: replacing the engine on the MTZ 12 walk-behind tractor.
After installing the motor, it is necessary to check the MTZ 05 walk-behind tractor, it should work perfectly without failures from the gearbox.

From all of the above, we can conclude that repairing the MTZ 05 walk-behind tractor is a rather labor-intensive process that requires certain skills and free time. However, you can do it yourself, without the help of specialists. To do this, just follow the instructions and recommendations outlined in this article.

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Increasing the speed of Belarus

To get maximum efficiency from the purchased MTZ walk-behind tractor, many owners are interested in the possibility of increasing the speed of the unit. Experts recommend replacing the standard gears with accelerated gears. The difference is in the number of teeth. A regular gear has 61 teeth, and the axle shaft has 12. The accelerated gear is slightly different and has 55 teeth, and the axle shaft has 15.

The principle of operation is to increase the speed of rotational movements of the axle shaft, and, consequently, the entire unit as a whole. Moreover, the engine speed does not change. For example, in 4th gear after replacement, the speed will increase from 9 km/h to 15 km/h.

One simple but effective way to increase the speed of the MTZ walk-behind tractor is to replace the wheels with larger diameter ones. The explanation is simple - the increased wheel area covers a larger area.

Specifications

Let's look at the technical characteristics of the MTZ 05 walk-behind tractor:

weight – 135 kilograms;
track parameters – 425×600×800 millimeters;
engine type – single-cylinder four-stroke;
power – 5 horsepower;
ground clearance - 30 centimeters;
minimum turning radius – 1 meter;
the maximum weight that a walk-behind tractor can withstand is 650 kilograms;
processing depth – 30 centimeters;
gearbox – stepped, mechanical;
number of speed modes – 6 (4 forward and 2 reverse speeds).

This unit operates using 1 axis, its power take-off shaft can reach 1000 rpm when rotating. It is very convenient to use, since it is equipped with a rotating steering block located on the steering wheel control levers.

In this video you will learn how to replace the engine on a MTZ walk-behind tractor:

Also, the MTZ 05 motor-cultivator is equipped with a multi-disc clutch system with a friction clutch, which is controlled manually.

Carrying out running-in of MTZ

It is necessary to carry out a break-in after purchasing a new walk-behind tractor before putting it into operation. The importance of break-in is to allow the parts to break in. Since the walk-behind tractor that comes off the assembly line is not run-in in production, all parts may not fit tightly due to possible roughness on the surface. Therefore, during the running-in of the MTZ, no attachments are used, and the unit is started only at half power. You should not operate it at maximum speed.

The manufacturer recommends running-in for 10-15 hours.

The engine starts and at first it just runs, then gradually the load needs to be added. Do not use a heavy hitch. All you need to do is connect the trailer without any load and go for a ride with it.

To watch online, click on the video ⤵

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Source

Setting up the MTZ walk-behind tractor

If you want to get maximum efficiency when working with the MTZ walk-behind tractor, then before starting work you need to configure it. It is most advisable to carry out adjustments after inactivity or long-term storage. Despite the fact that new walk-behind tractors are configured directly in production, after purchase it is necessary to additionally inspect and check all systems and, in particular, engine operation.

Motoblock MTZ-12

Motor tuning sequence:

Adjust the fuel fluid as the control screws may move.
Check the distance between the valves and do what is recommended. This allows you to control the amount of fuel liquid entering the carburetor.
Using idle speed, adjust the carburetor. Then on minimum and maximum gas.
Set the pneumatic tires to the same atmospheric pressure. The recommended level is 2 atmospheres. If this is not done, the unit will have an uneven ride, it will be difficult to control and turn to the side.

Remove the upper gearbox cover. Motoblock MTZ 09N.

Hello! I consider it my duty to warn you that if you do not have the proper education or experience, it is better to contact our workshop. It should be remembered that any mistake at the stage of disassembling or assembling the unit will lead to a significant increase in the cost of repairs and a large loss of time. You can buy any spare parts for a walk-behind tractor or cultivator in our workshop or order cash on delivery by mail. Consultation on questions you are interested in can be obtained by telephone.

During the repair, a locking pin for the PTO gear (power take-off shaft) was discovered in the gearbox housing.

Remove the upper gearbox cover. Motoblock MTZ 09N.

Remove the upper gearbox cover.

Therefore, now we will lift the top cover of the gearbox, this is where the PTO engagement mechanism is located. We use a wire brush to clean all the dirt around the lid so that it does not get inside.

Unscrew the eight bolts and lift the cover.

The PTO gear engagement holder is in place, therefore it has already been installed, but the fallen one was not found or could not be reached.

Metal parts remaining in the gearbox housing after repair can cause serious damage to the mechanism; in cold weather, they can be lifted into the differential or gearbox with thick oil, which will lead to their destruction, so we shine a flashlight again and check with a magnet.

Motoblock repair in Minsk

All is clear. I also pour oil into the gearbox using the fact that the top gearbox cover is open, this is much faster than pouring it through a thin plug in the cover. Unscrew the oil level plug on the right side cover and bring the level up to the plug.

We install the steering rod with the upper gearbox cover. To do this, check the gasket for integrity; safely leave the undamaged gasket.

We put the cover with the rod on the gearbox and tighten the front bolt.

We lift the cover by the steering rod and position the pushers opposite the forks.

You need to get into three forks, carefully lower the lid, it should lie completely across the entire plane, if it doesn’t, move the levers on the steering wheel and check that the pushers fall exactly into the forks, no effort is needed.

When the cover is in place, press it with two bolts and check the operation of the levers; if everything is in order, tighten the remaining bolts and tighten the cover.

Author: Vasily Martysevich.

Landline phone: +375(17) 512-37-12. Mobile phones : +375296741674 (A1, Viber and WhatsApp); +375298767878 (MTS).

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Carrying out maintenance of MTZ walk-behind tractors

Despite the fact that MTZ walk-behind tractors are reliable and have a solid design, to maintain them in good technical condition it is necessary to regularly carry out special maintenance, which consists of the following actions:

Clean after use. The best way to remove stuck dirt is with water and a brush. This will help avoid corrosion, which forms due to constant contact with moisture.
Quite often, the walk-behind tractor gets scratched and the paint layer is damaged. This is an additional factor for the occurrence of corrosion. If a violation of the integrity of the paintwork is detected, it is necessary to restore it as quickly as possible.
The oil level is checked immediately before starting operation, every time. If the engine is allowed to operate without lubrication, the parts will be subject to increased wear, which will lead to rapid breakdowns. To avoid friction on dry shift levers, use Litol or Solidol.

Motor oil 10W-40 Transmission oil TAP-15V

Operating rules for MTZ

After starting the engine, the pedal slowly rises to a horizontal position.
Before using attachments, you must check that the latches are secure. This will help to avoid sudden disconnection of the hitch from the MTZ walk-behind tractor, and, consequently, injury to the operator. The fasteners must be in good working order and well tightened, ensuring engagement with the unit.
You cannot engage reverse gear until the car comes to a complete stop when moving forward.

Features of the lubrication system

To prevent breakdowns and premature failure of the power unit, it is necessary to pay special attention to lubrication, thanks to which the parts will work smoothly and continuously. The crankcase holds 0.6 cubic dm of lubricant, which is the 10W-30 series.

To avoid using a bad mixture, try to purchase oils from trusted brands that have been on the market for a long time and have proven themselves to be the best.

The oil is changed according to the schedule recommended in the operating instructions. As a rule, the first replacement is performed after 25 hours of operation, after the MTZ walk-behind tractor has been run-in. Stick to your oil change plan to avoid breakdowns.

In order to extract the used oil, you need to warm up the engine for some time. Then the lubricant becomes viscous and flows out easily.

By following the following algorithm of actions, you can perform the replacement quickly:

Unscrew the oil tank cap.
Prepare a container for used oil.
Remove the plug from the tank so that it can be drained.
Leave in this position for some time. Usually 15-20 minutes is enough.
Put the plug back.
Oil must be filled into the tank to the appropriate level.
Screw on the tank cap.

Mini tractor from MTZ

Many MTZ owners upgrade their walk-behind tractor into a mini tractor. The easiest way to do this is with an adapter. It allows you to do most of the work while sitting on it.

For Belarusians there are special Horse type adapters. When modernized, the walk-behind tractor no longer resembles much of its former self. This turns out to be a regular smaller tractor. If you install it, then the speed of Belarus will change slightly, since he will have to not only carry the weight of the hitch, but also the Horse itself. But this loss will be insignificant, since Honda engines allow you to work with a load of up to half a ton. And Horse's weight is about 100 kg.

You can try to assemble and install the mini tractor yourself. There are a large number of different diagrams and drawings on how to do this. However, it is recommended to do this on your own only if you are confident in your abilities. Otherwise, the chances of modernization are extremely small.

With careful attention to work and timely maintenance of the MTZ walk-behind tractor, it will serve you for a long time.

The gearbox of the MTZ walk-behind tractor is quite a reliable and resourceful unit, but over the years, due to natural wear and tear or incorrect operation, failures in the gearbox mechanism are possible.

The side gears 1 and 12 are connected via splines to the final drive shafts 14. Many of them can be prevented by following the manufacturer's instructions for using the unit. We free the intermediate shaft from the bearing and check the bearing itself. M-8G2 You need to change the oil in the transmission according to the following plan: Prepare a container for bad oil. After this, we check that all the gears rotate easily and pass through the entire shaft. The principle of operation is to increase the speed of rotational movements of the axle shaft, and, consequently, the entire unit as a whole. Care Caring for a walk-behind tractor includes regular maintenance. In this regard, factory UD and UD engines are replaced with imported analogues. Therefore, it is possible to use motor oil in the transmission: MV2 or MG2 is suitable for summer, and M-8G2 for winter. You cannot engage reverse gear until the car comes to a complete stop when moving forward. MTZ 082 Gearbox assembly (front axle)