Review of the Belarus MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor. Device, characteristics, reviews

Description

The production of Belarus walk-behind tractors began in 1978 with the MTZ-05 model. Since then, interest in these units has not waned, because their main advantage is reliability and excellent technical characteristics. The ability to be aggregated with any type of attachment makes MTZ walk-behind tractors even more functional and in demand in small and medium-sized agriculture. Some of the hitch requires some work, but the owners do not consider this a problem.

Motoblock MTZ-05

Attractive in appearance and simple inside, the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor is still in use today and is popular in the secondary market.

Below is a diagram that clearly demonstrates the structure of the walk-behind tractor and the location of all components

Motoblock "Belarus" MTZ-05

Before you begin repairing any unit or part, you must familiarize yourself with the presented diagram. This will help not only to understand where the necessary mechanisms are located, but also to establish the relationship between them. Refinement of the walk-behind tractor and its repair will be carried out much faster and more efficiently.

Engine

Early models were equipped with domestically produced engines UD-15 and UD-25. But as the device improved and new models were released, walk-behind tractors with a Japanese-made Honda engine installed on them became widespread. They were distinguished by increased service life and operational reliability.

Engine UD 15

Engine UD 25

However, the cost of such units was also high, therefore, in order to reduce the cost of products, motors from the Chinese manufacturer Lifan began to be installed in production. The quality was slightly inferior to the Japanese Honda, but in general, they were considered an excellent alternative. Many owners decided to modernize their unit and did not regret it. It is safe to say that the use of imported motors will only improve the performance of the unit.

The problems and solutions described below were made based on feedback from owners.

Difficulty starting the engine

Typically, this problem arose for the following reasons:

• Difficult fuel supply and, as a result, its shortage. The first thing to do is check the amount of fuel in the tank. If everything is in order and there is fuel, clean the air and fuel filters. Make sure that the connection between the carburetor and the head is tight enough. Check the fuel pump and its functionality.
• There may be problems with the ignition system. Check the contact of the magneto with the spark plugs. The magneto must be working and produce a spark. If the integrity of the wires or the insulation of the electrodes is broken, or there is some kind of gap between them, then problems will arise. You can try starting the engine by quickly and sharply pressing the pedal. Make sure the accelerator is working.

Crankshaft does not function or turns slowly

• It is necessary to check the reliability of the fastenings of the starter and battery wires, which may come loose over time and contact is lost;
• The battery must be fully charged, intact and in working order;
• The engine must be warmed up to operating temperature;
• Avoid slipping of the freewheel. If the clutch slips in the starter drive, replace it;
• The drive gears and spline must be well lubricated;
• The commutator and brushes must be clean and in good working order;
• Check the armature winding and, if a fault is found, replace it.

The engine has started, but the starter does not turn off

If such a problem occurs, the starter requires repair. Possible causes include jamming of the starter drive or failure of the relay armature.

Intermittent operation of the MTZ walk-behind tractor

There may be malfunctions in the functioning of the ignition system, therefore, first of all, it is necessary to check the spark plugs or replace them. It is also possible that dirt can get into the carburetor, which can cause instability.

Device

Belarus 05 is distinguished by its original design. It is completely frameless, which significantly reduces the weight of the device. The equipment itself is presented as a single-axle, two-wheeled chassis, where all units are assembled into one whole. The main components include the engine, transmission and chassis.

The engine of the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor is attached directly to a wet, multi-plate clutch. Next comes the main gear unit, represented by bevel gears with spiral teeth. Behind the main gear is a self-locking differential. From it, torque is transmitted to the wheels using single-stage gearboxes.

On top of the transmission housing there is a fuel tank with a capacity of 5 liters and a steering column on which the controls are located. Final drive flanges are used to secure the wheels. Two wheels with low-pressure tires with high herringbone tread provide reliable traction.

The exhaust pipe is located on the right side of the engine, and the parking brake is mounted on the bottom. MTZ Belarus 05 has a manual gearbox located behind the clutch. Four main speeds ensure the movement of equipment at speeds from 2 to 10 km/h. To move the walk-behind tractor backwards, reverse mode is used.

Attachments

It is possible to connect additional equipment to the motor cultivator, trailed equipment, and attachments for the MTZ-09N walk-behind tractor:

• Potato planter. Used to perform work related to planting potatoes: plowing the soil, planting, hilling, forming row furrows.
• Potato digger. It is used for easy and quick harvesting of large areas of potatoes, carrots and other root crops.
• Rotary mower. Facilitates agricultural work by mowing grass and other unwanted vegetation.
• Plow for walk-behind tractor. It is used for treating the top layer of soil, as well as for fertilizing the land with manure or any other organic compound.
• Communal brush. Used to clear the area of ​​debris.
• Snow blower. Necessary for clearing roads of snow in winter.
• Cultivator harrow. It is used for loosening the soil, leveling the soil surface, planting seeds and fertilizers.
• Universal hiller. Used during inter-row cultivation of row crops.
• Trailer. Necessary for transporting small-sized cargo.

Attachments are connected using a hitch unit.

Snow blowers

Removing snow is a very difficult task, and doing it with a shovel is long and difficult. For these purposes, you can use the Belarus walk-behind tractor. To perform snow removal operations, there are two types of attachments: a snow blower and a blade.

• The snow blower collects snow with a special bucket and throws it at a distance of 2 to 6 meters, depending on the model and power of the specific MTZ walk-behind tractor.

Blade

• The blade is similar to a shovel, it is curved and located at an angle. While moving, it throws snow to one side, thus gradually clearing the ground.

Special snow blowers are complex in design and much more expensive than plows. At the same time, they perform tasks almost identically.

Mills, cultivators, plows and harrows

The main work of the Belarus walk-behind tractor is associated with plowing and milling the earth. These types of attachments are designed to loosen and mix the top layer to increase fertility and uniformity.

Mill FR-00.010

Cultivator-harrow

Plow PV-1

Harrow

• The milling cutter is used for processing medium soils in large areas with a hard surface with the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor. For example, when working with virgin soil or a neglected area.
• The cultivator for Belarus performs well in the spring and autumn, when the soil after winter or harvest contains remnants of weeds and other crops. In this case, the unit grinds them and creates uniformity.
• The plow is best used for deep tillage of the soil with a walk-behind tractor MTZ-05. It goes deep into the ground, thereby mixing the lower layers of the earth to a depth of 20 cm.
• Another attachment for the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor is a harrow, which is mainly used after cultivating a plot of land with a cultivator or cutter. It breaks up large piles of soil that are left behind after cultivation or milling.

Video: Motoblock MTZ-05 - plowing with a plow

Hillers

Universal hiller

Crops need to be looked after. Many of them require hilling. The MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor with hiller copes with this task perfectly.

The hiller has two design options: double-sided plows or disks that throw soil from the rows onto bushes with crops. During this, weeding also occurs, thereby eliminating the need to carry out this procedure manually with a hoe.

Potato planter

To plant potatoes, a potato digger or potato planter is connected to the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor.

Potato digger KM-1

Potato planter KM-2

• A vibrating potato digger is the most popular option, which takes soil at a depth of 20 cm and then, using vibration, sifts out the soil, leaving only potato tubers on the surface.
• The potato planter works on the following principle: the plow makes holes for planting. Then, a special device places the potatoes at a certain time interval, and two disks at the end of the attachment dig in the hole.

Adapters

Adapter HorsAM IS-2

As standard, the Belarus walk-behind tractor is controlled while standing using the steering wheel. When working on large areas, it is physically exhausting. The adapter makes the job easier. It is connected to the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor and provides the driver with the ability to perform control while sitting on the seat.

Trailers

Work in agriculture often involves transporting cargo over a distance, be it heavy grain crops or bulky hay. Trailers are used for this. They come in various configurations and load capacities.

Rotary mower KRM-1

Mowers

Removing weeds using the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor is easy and simple using mowers. There are two options: rotary and segmented. Rotary ones work using rotating knives, while segmental ones cut the grass using knives that move in a horizontal plane.

Lugs and weights

A pressing issue when operating a Belarus walk-behind tractor is increasing its grip on the ground. When working with heavy soils, the attachment often jumps over and leaves uncultivated areas of soil. To solve this issue, lugs or weights are used.

Lugs

• The lug is the rim on which the plates are attached. They penetrate the soil and allow the plow or cutters to move better.
• Weights are suspended from the MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor itself or from attachments. Thereby increasing the weight of the walk-behind tractor and making it harder for it to jump over. The land will be cultivated more thoroughly.

Increasing the speed of Belarus

To get maximum efficiency from the purchased MTZ walk-behind tractor, many owners are interested in the possibility of increasing the speed of the unit. Experts recommend replacing the standard gears with accelerated gears. The difference is in the number of teeth. A regular gear has 61 teeth, and the axle shaft has 12. The accelerated gear is slightly different and has 55 teeth, and the axle shaft has 15.

The principle of operation is to increase the speed of rotational movements of the axle shaft, and, consequently, the entire unit as a whole. Moreover, the engine speed does not change. For example, in 4th gear after replacement, the speed will increase from 9 km/h to 15 km/h.

One simple but effective way to increase the speed of the MTZ walk-behind tractor is to replace the wheels with larger diameter ones. The explanation is simple - the increased wheel area covers a larger area.

Characteristics

Carrying out running-in of MTZ

It is necessary to carry out a break-in after purchasing a new walk-behind tractor before putting it into operation. The importance of break-in is to allow the parts to break in. Since the walk-behind tractor that comes off the assembly line is not run-in in production, all parts may not fit tightly due to possible roughness on the surface. Therefore, during the running-in of the MTZ, no attachments are used, and the unit is started only at half power. You should not operate it at maximum speed.

The manufacturer recommends running-in for 10-15 hours.

The engine starts and at first it just runs, then gradually the load needs to be added. Do not use a heavy hitch. All you need to do is connect the trailer without any load and go for a ride with it.

Setting up the MTZ walk-behind tractor

If you want to get maximum efficiency when working with the MTZ walk-behind tractor, then before starting work you need to configure it. It is most advisable to carry out adjustments after inactivity or long-term storage. Despite the fact that new walk-behind tractors are configured directly in production, after purchase it is necessary to additionally inspect and check all systems and, in particular, engine operation.

Motoblock MTZ-12

Motor tuning sequence:

1. Adjust the fuel fluid as the control screws may move.
2. Check the distance between the valves and do what is recommended. This allows you to control the amount of fuel liquid entering the carburetor.
3. Using idle speed, adjust the carburetor. Then on minimum and maximum gas.
4. Set the pneumatic tires to the same atmospheric pressure. The recommended level is 2 atmospheres. If this is not done, the unit will have an uneven ride, it will be difficult to control and turn to the side.

Mini tractor from MTZ

Many MTZ owners upgrade their walk-behind tractor into a mini tractor. The easiest way to do this is with an adapter. It allows you to do most of the work while sitting on it.

For Belarusians there are special Horse type adapters. When modernized, the walk-behind tractor no longer resembles much of its former self. This turns out to be a regular smaller tractor. If you install it, then the speed of Belarus will change slightly, since he will have to not only carry the weight of the hitch, but also the Horse itself. But this loss will be insignificant, since Honda engines allow you to work with a load of up to half a ton. And Horse's weight is about 100 kg.

Adapter Khorsam IS-2

You can try to assemble and install the mini tractor yourself. There are a large number of different diagrams and drawings on how to do this. However, it is recommended to do this on your own only if you are confident in your abilities. Otherwise, the chances of modernization are extremely small.

With careful attention to work and timely maintenance of the MTZ walk-behind tractor, it will serve you for a long time.

Carrying out maintenance of MTZ walk-behind tractors

Despite the fact that MTZ walk-behind tractors are reliable and have a solid design, to maintain them in good technical condition it is necessary to regularly carry out special maintenance, which consists of the following actions:

• Clean after use. The best way to remove stuck dirt is with water and a brush. This will help avoid corrosion, which forms due to constant contact with moisture.
• Quite often, the walk-behind tractor gets scratched and the paint layer is damaged. This is an additional factor for the occurrence of corrosion. If a violation of the integrity of the paintwork is detected, it is necessary to restore it as quickly as possible.
• The oil level is checked immediately before starting operation, every time. If the engine is allowed to operate without lubrication, the parts will be subject to increased wear, which will lead to rapid breakdowns. To avoid friction on dry shift levers, use Litol or Solidol.

Motor oil 10W-40 Transmission oil TAP-15V

Operating rules for MTZ

• After starting the engine, the pedal slowly rises to a horizontal position.
• Before using attachments, you must check that the latches are secure. This will help to avoid sudden disconnection of the hitch from the MTZ walk-behind tractor, and, consequently, injury to the operator. The fasteners must be in good working order and well tightened, ensuring engagement with the unit.
• You cannot engage reverse gear until the car comes to a complete stop when moving forward.

Features of the lubrication system

To prevent breakdowns and premature failure of the power unit, it is necessary to pay special attention to lubrication, thanks to which the parts will work smoothly and continuously. The crankcase holds 0.6 cubic dm of lubricant, which is the 10W-30 series.

To avoid using a bad mixture, try to purchase oils from trusted brands that have been on the market for a long time and have proven themselves to be the best.

The oil is changed according to the schedule recommended in the operating instructions. As a rule, the first replacement is performed after 25 hours of operation, after the MTZ walk-behind tractor has been run-in. Stick to your oil change plan to avoid breakdowns.

In order to extract the used oil, you need to warm up the engine for some time. Then the lubricant becomes viscous and flows out easily.

By following the following algorithm of actions, you can perform the replacement quickly:

1. Unscrew the oil tank cap.
2. Prepare a container for used oil.
3. Remove the plug from the tank so that it can be drained.
4. Leave in this position for some time. Usually 15-20 minutes is enough.
5. Put the plug back.
6. Oil must be filled into the tank to the appropriate level.
7. Screw on the tank cap.