Scheme UAZ-390995, -220695, -396255 Loaf. Injector.

Compact cargo SUV UAZ-390994

A special feature of this vehicle is the presence of a double cab and a cargo platform. This design allows the simultaneous transportation of 5 people and cargo weighing up to 1.1 tons. For this feature, according to the factory classification, UAZ-390994 received the designation “Farmer”, and the owners nicknamed “Tadpole”.

The car has gained popularity due to the presence of the following advantages:

• affordable cost;
• versatility;
• maintainability;
• patency.

Given the stability of demand for the truck, in 2016 the manufacturer completed an update or, as they now say, restyling of the model, which included the following main changes:

1. New instrument panel.
2. Steering wheel paddle switches.
3. Improved noise and vibration insulation.
4. Newly designed seats with adjustability.
5. Efficient interior heater.

Exterior

The appearance of the UAZ-390994 cannot be called outstanding, but thanks to its cabin it is quite recognizable and memorable. Since the main purpose of the truck is to transport people and cargo in off-road conditions, the vehicle received a cabover version of the cab. This solution ensures more efficient use of vehicle dimensions. In addition, this arrangement allows the driver, due to the high seating position, to increase visibility and confidently control, which is very important in rough terrain and off-road conditions.

The absence of complex multi-stage stamped elements in the cabin design makes it easier to carry out independent repairs if necessary. This also explains the use of traditional round headlights and a simple front bumper. The simplified appearance emphasizes the specific purpose of the off-road utility vehicle.

Salon

The interior of the UAZ-390994 is made on a fairly budget-friendly basis, in soothing colors, but at the same time the following are used:

• high-quality fabric materials;
• plastic;
• wear-resistant felt covering.

An almost rectangular speedometer located in the center of the front console with built-in indicators of the status of the main components and systems of the car looks unusual. The control levers of the mechanical all-wheel drive transmission are located conveniently for the driver.

Comfort in the cabin is ensured by seats with headrests and bright interior lighting. The arrangement of the second row of seats allows you to organize two sleeping places if necessary. A powerful heater ensures a comfortable temperature in the cabin, which is very important when operating in winter conditions.

Possible breakdowns

In the vast majority of cases of injection system failures, the problem lies in broken or contaminated parts. Depending on the extent of the damage, you can try to restore and clean it, or you will have to look for a new one.

At the first sign of inappropriate work, you should contact a car service center, where they will carry out a quick diagnosis and name the reason. This will not necessarily be the device itself - there may be difficulties with both the engine and the refueling material.

Technical equipment

The truck is equipped with a gasoline engine with the following parameters:

• volume – 2.7 l;
• power – 112 l. With.;
• fuel consumption – 12.5 l (at 80 km/h).

The all-wheel drive transmission uses a five-speed manual transmission and a two-speed transfer case that allows you to disengage the front axle.

The technical characteristics of the UAZ-390994 are as follows:

• length - 4.85 m;
• height - 2.36 m;
• width - 1.99 m;
• ground clearance - 20.5 cm;
• wheelbase - 2.55 m;
• total weight - 3.07 tons.

Among the equipment that is equipped with an all-terrain vehicle, it should be noted:

• power steering;
• heated front seats;
• platform awning.

The manufacturer offers as options:

• glass tinting;
• installation of LED optics;
• installation of a power frame;
• installation of the salon hatch.

You must purchase a new UAZ-390994 at an authorized dealer showroom. This will allow you to obtain a warranty for the car and the right to post-warranty service. In addition, it is possible to purchase a truck at a lower price through special leasing programs or credit promotions.

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Modern engine

This machine combines several popular functions:

In general, all-wheel drive and increased cross-country ability imply increased fuel consumption. This cannot be avoided, but can be optimized by using modern technical solutions. The gasoline injection system has many advantages. Its features are as follows: injection is carried out through a special nozzle directly into the cylinder. This ensures accurate dosing and compliance with the time cycle. This atomization allows for more efficient use of fuel, which means less consumption and less pollution. An additional advantage of the injector is easier start-up and rational use of reserves. The reserve of two communicating tanks provides a decent volume, which is enough for impressive distances.

UAZ 390994: technical characteristics, consumption, photo

This is a universal cargo-passenger all-wheel drive SUV with a 4x4 wheel arrangement. It is equipped with a spacious 5-seater cabin and a compact but spacious cargo platform, so it is ideal for transporting people and for transporting all kinds of cargo weighing up to 1075 kg.

The name “Farmer” speaks for itself: this machine is intended for entrepreneurs running their business in the agricultural sector. It is “not afraid” of dirt roads and off-road conditions, has good driving characteristics and a low price.

History of the creation of the UAZ-39094 “Farmer”

The development of all-wheel drive light-duty off-road trucks began at the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant back in the late 50s of the 20th century. The “great-grandfather” of the current models was the UAZ-450D, which was replaced in 1966 by the UAZ-452D, produced unchanged until 1985. The successor of the “genus” was the UAZ-3303 two-seater boat truck. It was distinguished by a simple and durable design, which made it possible to operate it on any roads and in any climate, and to carry out maintenance and repairs in harsh field conditions.

UAZ-3303 (Tadpole)

Based on the UAZ-3303 model, various modifications of trucks with a carrying capacity of up to 1.5 tons were created, equipped with isothermal and grain vans, fuel and milk tanks, aerial platforms and drilling rigs. In addition, cars with booths for comfortable transportation and even short-term accommodation of people, the so-called “shift vehicles,” were produced.

In 1997, the first batch of small-tonnage UAZ-39094 vehicles with an extended wheelbase, on which a 5-seater cabin was already located, rolled off the assembly line of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant. True, due to the increase in the size of the cabin, the cargo platform became slightly smaller, which resulted in a decrease in its carrying capacity to 1075 kg. However, as shown by the high consumer demand for these models, this decision turned out to be correct. Thus, the designers only managed to expand the functionality of an ordinary truck, turning it into a real home on wheels.

UAZ "Farmer" with a double cab and a short cargo platform

As a result of the next modernization carried out in 2011, the basic version of the Farmer began to be equipped with an ABS system, power steering, seat belts and an engine that complies with the Euro-4 standard. UAZ-39094 is produced to this day. It is popular not only among small businesses, but also appreciated by lovers of fishing, hunting and travel.

Problems and common faults

Usually the ZMZ-409 begins to require serious attention at the turn of 300 thousand km. But it can start causing problems even earlier if it is operated in unfavorable conditions, without proper maintenance.

The main malfunctions on the UAZ “Loaf” with a 409 injection engine, a widely used example of a car with this engine:

Fortunately, the engine in question has high maintainability, and spare parts for it are common and affordable. In addition, sometimes it is practiced to replace the engine with a contract one.

Engine problems arise for various reasons.

The engine won't start

The reasons for this may be:

The fuel lines and tank should be checked, washed and purged if necessary. If the engine fuel pump is faulty, it must be replaced. Often a drop in pressure is associated with a clogged fuel filter that needs to be replaced. Another possible reason is a breakdown of the fuel pressure regulator, which can be corrected by replacing it.

If you suspect ignition problems, you should check the spark plugs, coils, armor wires and other components. It is important to ensure that the ignition timing is set to the correct level.

Loss of motor power

The engine suddenly stalls or runs erratically

Low pressure in the oil line

Possible engine malfunctions and problems leading to this:

Qн = 0.01 x (Hsan x S + Hw x W) x (1 + 0.01 x D)

where Qн is the standard UAZ fuel consumption per 100 km, l; S —mileage of a car or road train, km; Hsan is the fuel consumption rate per mileage of a UAZ vehicle or road train in running order without load;

Malfunctions

All engines of the UMZ family are characterized by the same set of typical faults. Among them, the most common defects are those listed in the table:

Technical characteristics of UAZ-39094

The UAZ-39094 “Farmer” differs from the basic UAZ-3303 in greater power and performance, better cross-country ability and stability. It can rightfully be called one of the most successful cargo-passenger SUVs produced by UAZ.

Engine and transmission

The car is equipped with an extremely reliable and productive power unit ZMZ-40911.10, which has the following characteristics:

• type – in-line;
• type of fuel – gasoline (octane number not lower than 92);
• working volume - 2.693 l;
• total number of cylinders – 4;
• Max. power – 112.2 hp (82.5 kW) at 4250 rpm. in min.;
• Max. torque - 198 N*m at 2500 rpm. in min.;
• engine weight without special fluids – 190 kg;
• Max. speed – 115 km/h;
• average fuel consumption per 100 km is 10 liters (at a speed of 60 km), 15 liters (at 100 km).

A complex microprocessor system controls injection and ignition. It also ensures optimal engine operation, helping to save fuel under increased loads.

The motor has a combined lubrication system that eliminates friction of parts by spraying oil under pressure. The gas distribution mechanism is made of particularly durable materials, which makes it highly reliable. Without major overhaul, the engine can travel 500,000 km.

Heat removal is carried out through a liquid cooling system, which includes the following elements:

• water pump;
• radiator;
• thermostat;
• temperature and alarm sensors;
• coolant (any brand of antifreeze or plain water is suitable).

The engine is paired with a transmission consisting of a 5-speed manual gearbox and a 2-speed transfer case, which manually disengages the front axle drive. Some new car modifications are equipped with a forced differential locking system for the rear axle.

Brake system

Another nice feature of the “Farmer” is an effective braking system equipped with a vacuum booster. Moreover, there are disc brakes at the front and drum brakes at the rear. This configuration guarantees that the car will be able to brake as quickly as possible, even in difficult road conditions.

Platform

The UAZ-39094 model is equipped with a spacious onboard platform made of durable metal with wooden flooring. The structure is equipped with removable frame arches for mounting the awning and the awning itself, opening on three sides. Installation and dismantling of the awning is carried out simply and quickly, even by one person. To transport passengers, a row of seats is installed in the body.

Compared to the base UAZ-3303 truck, the Farmer’s platform is located 10 cm lower, which significantly simplifies loading and unloading operations.

The overall dimensions of the cargo compartment are as follows:

• length – 2040 mm;
• width – 1870 mm;
• side height – 400 mm;
• height with awning – 1400 mm.

Dimensional and mass indicators

• length – 4847 mm;
• width – 1990 mm;
• height – 2355 mm;
• wheelbase – 2550 mm;
• curb weight – 1995 kg;
• total weight – 3070 kg;
• load capacity – 1075 kg;
• turning radius – 7.5 m;
• fuel tank capacity - 56 l (optional, you can install a second tank of 30 l);
• tires – 225/75 R16С, 225/85 R15С.

As already noted, the UAZ-39094 has excellent off-road capabilities, which are provided not only by all-wheel drive, the ability to engage low gears and leaf spring suspension, but also by an impressive ground clearance of 220 mm.

This height allows you to easily overcome 30-degree climbs. The car is not afraid of water obstacles up to half a meter deep. This all-terrain vehicle will behave equally confidently not only on rough terrain, but also when moving through shallow mountain springs with a rocky bottom.

Despite the increased maneuverability of this model, it is still not recommended to abuse this quality. For example, you shouldn’t intentionally drive your car into deep liquid mud, otherwise you might not be able to get out without a tractor.

Overcoming obstacles on the UAZ-39094

The passenger compartment is equipped with a small table and three seats, which, if necessary, can be folded, transforming them into a pair of berths. There is a special spacious compartment for storing things and equipment.

The disadvantages of the rear seats include their rigidity and the inability to install a child seat.

The situation is better with the front seats. They are equipped with headrests and have the function of adjusting the distance to the steering wheel and the position of the backrest.

In the cold season, a comfortable temperature in the rear of the cabin is ensured by a powerful heater, and in the front there is a stove with the ability to adjust the temperature. In hot summers, you can use the ventilation hatch located in the roof to further cool the interior. The excellent vibration and noise insulation of the cabin deserves all praise. It should be noted that this is a real luxury for cargo and passenger vehicles.

Engine repair ZMZ 409

Details Created: 02/03/2014 09:28

The ZMZ 409 engine is a four-cylinder overhead valve power unit with liquid cooling. The motor is designed for use in vehicles with increased cross-country ability. It uses a gas distribution mechanism design, injectors, a crankshaft made of durable cast iron, and the valves are treated with a special wear-resistant and anti-friction coating. Almost any part, due to one or another circumstance, can fail, which will require repair of the ZMZ 409 engine.

Design

Structurally, the UAZ 39099 is a classic “loaf” with all-wheel drive. The base model 3309 leaves the assembly line with a 2.445-liter 92-horsepower engine, model UMZ 4178.10. At one time, the vehicle could be optionally equipped with a ZMZ engine, similar in technical characteristics.

The UAZ 39099 is equipped with a more modern 2.89-liter carburetor four-cylinder engine UMZ 4218.10, which differs from the base model. Engine power varies by year of production and ranges from 98 to 100 hp. With. Both types of engines are adapted to run on A80 gasoline.

The transmission components of both variants are identical and include a four-speed gearbox and a two-speed transfer case. The front axle can be disengaged using special couplings located in the hubs. But turning off the bridge has little effect on fuel consumption, reaching 16 liters when driving in the city. The fuel supply is located according to the classic UAZ scheme - in two 43-liter tanks on different sides of the body. An interesting point is that the necks of the tanks are not closed with anything other than the plug. Therefore, many owners are forced to come up with various locking devices to prevent gasoline theft.

Description of service

Engine maintenance is expected after 15,000 km. So, the engine holds 7 liters of engine oil, but when replacing it will only require 6 liters. The main oils recommended by the manufacturer and car enthusiasts are semi-synthetic, marked: 5W-30, 5W-40, 10W-30, 10W-40, 15W-40, 20W-40.

The maintenance card is no different from 409, and looks something like this:

Every second maintenance requires checking systems such as the valve mechanism, the condition of the electronic powertrain control unit, and the functionality of sensors.

Often, by 70,000, hydraulic compensators fail, which need to be replaced all together, since it is unknown when the functional ones will fail. The valve cover gasket is replaced every 40,000 km or when a leak develops from under it.

Cabin of the UAZ-39094 “Farmer”: review

The car is equipped with a double all-metal spacious cabin with a 5-seater interior layout. On the right passenger side there is an additional door providing easy access to the rear row of seats. This model is not distinguished by its refined exterior and interior, but for a work car it’s just right.

Another advantage of the “Farmer” is the convenient location of the engine - it is located under the cab between the front seats, and is accessible from the cabin. To do this, you just need to lift the protective cover. This solution makes it possible to troubleshoot problems in adverse weather conditions.

Passenger compartment of the UAZ-39094 cabin

In addition, heat emanates from the engine compartment, which provides additional heating in winter. Although, it must be admitted that in summer this advantage turns into a huge disadvantage, because it gets very hot in the cabin.

The driver's workplace leaves a controversial impression. I am sincerely pleased with the presence of an updated steering wheel and a multifunctional steering column switch (turns and headlights are turned on on the left, wipers and windshield washer on the right).

The location of the instrument panel is puzzling - it is located in the middle of the panel! To see the indicators, you literally have to look closely, taking your eyes off the road.

Working moments

The use of such a system imposes a number of operational features. First of all, this concerns the supply of fuel. It must be remembered that the supply is carried out through the left tank, while the right one is additional and it is simply connected to the first one. If you plan to refuel not completely, then you will have to start with it. The flow occurs automatically, and if there are failures in this process, it will need to be promptly corrected. In addition, you need to close the necks carefully and periodically check the condition of the sealing gaskets.

Gasoline costs vary depending on several aspects:

We are talking about a range from thirteen to eighteen liters per hundred, which determines a significant difference. By changing your attitude to the operational process, you can achieve good results in savings.

Modifications of UAZ-3909

In addition to the Farmer, other types of specialized vehicles were built on a similar basis. For example:

• flatbed two-door flatbed UAZ-3303 (Tadpole) with a carrying capacity of 1225 kg with an extended loading platform;
• glazed cargo-passenger van UAZ-3741 , designed to transport 9 passengers or cargo of the corresponding weight equivalent;
• COMBI UAZ-3909 is a universal carriage-type utility vehicle that can accommodate 6 passengers and over 400 kg of cargo;

UAZ 390995 (cargo-passenger)

• UAZ-2206 buses , designed to transport 9 people and about 1 ton of cargo.

Qn = 0.01 x Hs x S x (1 + 0.01 x D) + Hot x T, (2)

where Qn is the UAZ fuel consumption rate per 100 km, l; Hs is the transport norm of fuel consumption for the mileage of a UAZ bus, l/100 km (taking into account the passenger load normalized by class and purpose of the bus); S —bus mileage, km; Hoth - fuel consumption rate when using standard independent heaters for the operation of the heater (heaters), l/h; T is the operating time of the UAZ bus with the heater on, h; D — correction factor (total relative increase or decrease) to the norm, %.

Fuel consumption for UAZ trucks and road trains in accordance with the fuel consumption rate per 100 km is calculated using the formula:

Site about off-road vehicles, SUVs, off-road vehicles

Fuel supply system for UAZ-374194, UAZ-396294, UAZ-390994, UAZ-220694, UAZ-330394, UAZ-396254, UAZ-330364, UAZ-390944 with injection engine UMZ-4213 Euro-2 and Euro-3 closed, with forced fuel supply.

Fuel supply system for UAZ-374194, UAZ-396294, UAZ-390994, UAZ-220694, UAZ-330394 with UMZ-4213 Euro-2 and Euro-3 engine.

The fuel system of UAZ-374194, UAZ-396294, UAZ-390994, UAZ-220694, UAZ-330394, UAZ-396254, UAZ-330364, UAZ-390944 vehicles with the UMZ-4213 Euro-2 and Euro-3 injection engine works in conjunction with air intake system and consists of:

— Main fuel tank with a capacity of 50 liters. — Additional fuel tank with a capacity of 27 liters. — Jet pump. — Submersible fuel module with electric fuel pump and fuel level indicator sensor. — Fuel pressure regulator. — Fine fuel filter. — Fuel rail. — Four electromagnetic fuel injectors. — Fuel hoses and tubes. — Throttle pedals. — Inlet pipe. — Throttle device. — Air filter.

In addition, the fuel supply system for UAZ wagon-mounted vehicles with a UMZ-4213 Euro-2 and Euro-3 engine is structurally connected to a fuel evaporation recovery system, which consists of:

- Adsorber. — Gas tank valve. - Separator. — Steam pipes and steam removal hoses.

Schematic diagram of the fuel supply and control system for UAZ wagon-mounted vehicles with a UMZ-4213 Euro-2 engine.

Schematic diagram of the fuel supply and control system for UAZ wagon-mounted vehicles with a UMZ-4213 Euro-3 engine.

On UAZ-330364, UAZ-330394, UAZ-390944 vehicles an additional 27-liter fuel tank is not installed. The fuel supply system in the area from the submersible electric fuel pump to the fuel pressure regulator on a running engine is under a pressure of 3 kgf/cm2, so it is not allowed to loosen or tighten the connections of the fuel lines while the engine is running or immediately after it is stopped.

In the fuel supply system, only recommended unleaded gasoline should be used, since the lead contained in leaded gasoline damages the oxygen content sensor in the exhaust gases and the catalytic converter.

Features of operating the fuel supply system of UAZ-374194, UAZ-396294, UAZ-390994, UAZ-220694, UAZ-330394 with the UMZ-4213 Euro-2 and Euro-3 engine.

The submersible electric fuel pump receives fuel from the main left tank. As fuel is consumed, the left tank is automatically replenished from the additional right tank. The plugs on the filler pipes of fuel tanks are blind and provide an airtight seal.

In connection with the indicated design features of the fuel supply system, during daily operation of the vehicle, it is recommended that when closing the filler necks of fuel tanks, make sure that the plugs are in good condition, that the sealing gasket is present and intact, and that the plugs are tightly closed using appropriate force.

When partially refueling a vehicle, it is recommended to initially fill the left fuel tank and monitor fuel consumption, taking into account changes in the amount of fuel in both fuel tanks. The electric motor of the submersible fuel pump is cooled by the passing flow of fuel, therefore, in order to avoid its failure, it is not allowed to turn on the electric fuel pump dry when there is no fuel in the left tank.

For the same reason, it is also not recommended to operate UAZ-374194, UAZ-396294, UAZ-390994, UAZ-220694, UAZ-330394 vehicles with UMZ-4213 Euro-2 and Euro-3 engines if there is less than five liters of fuel in the left fuel tank . When overcoming steep climbs, the minimum amount of fuel in the left tank should be at least twenty liters.

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