MTZ 82.1 is a light wheeled tractor that belongs to the Belarus 80 series equipment. Before us is one of the most popular models in this family. The car is in high demand throughout the post-Soviet space. This tractor impresses with its ease of maintenance, proven technical solutions, and available spare parts. In addition, MTZ-82.1 is a fairly powerful tractor for its class. It is very reliable and durable, and with timely maintenance it can last for decades. The equipment was in demand in agriculture and other industries. In terms of the set of advantages and capabilities, the tractor in question was in no way inferior to other models of the family of the same name.
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- 1 Description and purpose
- 2 Technical characteristics of “Belarus”
- 3 Features of design and operation 3.1 Attachments of the MTZ-82.1 tractor
- 3.2 Cabin of the MTZ-82.1 tractor
Description and purpose
Belarus MTZ-82.1 is a universal row-crop tractor with a traction class of 1.4 Tn, designed to perform agricultural tasks. In particular, the machine is widely in demand in pre-sowing soil cultivation, as well as harvesting and transport operations. The tractor takes an active part in loading and unloading activities and is widely in demand in public utilities, construction and industrial activities. The main area of application of this tractor is agriculture, namely hilling, cultivating, plowing, sowing and harvesting, harrowing and loosening the soil, as well as cultivating hard virgin soil. The machine has deservedly received a high level of trust in the public sector of the economy, and is also in high demand among private organizations. The MTZ-82.1 tractor is perfectly suited for a variety of climatic zones and soil conditions, including complex soils with extremely low bearing capacity.
Verdict
To be honest, after getting acquainted with Belarus 82.1, one gets the impression of deja vu. A similar picture with the UAZ “Tabletka”. They've been producing it for so many years, but the changes are minimal. But here you still need to understand that the main use of the tractor is on arable land. Where the simpler the equipment, the less likely it is to fail. And an experienced mechanic can almost repair a Belarusian in the same fields. For those who love comfort and modern electronics, the same plant will offer, for example, model 742.7. But this is completely different money and a completely different filling. This will also affect the cost of service.
Technical characteristics of “Belarus”
- Country of origin: Belarus
- Engine type – diesel, D-243, four-cylinder
- Working volume – 4.75 liters
- Torque – 290 N/m
- Power – 80 horsepower
- Revolutions per minute – 2200 rpm
- Fuel consumption – 220 g/kW per hour
- Torque reserve – 15%
- Fuel tank capacity – 130 liters
- Clutch – dry single disc
- Transmission – mechanical, with gearbox, with 18 forward and 4 reverse gears
- Power take-off (PTO) – independent two-speed, with modes of 570 and 1000 rpm
- Hydraulically controlled differential – yes
- Hydraulic pressure – 200
- Hydraulic capacity – 45 liters per minute
- Wheelbase volume – 2450 mm
- Dimensions, length/width/height, mm: 3930/1970/2780
- Ground clearance – 645 mm
- Turning radius – 4100 mm
- Tractor weight without ballast – 3900 kg
- Front wheel sizes – 11-20 inches
- Rear wheel dimensions are 15.5R38.
Features of the device and operation
- The tractor has a semi-frame design, like most other machines of the Minsk Tractor Plant. In addition to the traditional layout, we highlight the structural elements of the front semi-frame - this is a cast front beam and longitudinal stamped side members, as well as other elements that form the strong frame of the tractor. The power plant is mounted on the front beam using supports and rubber shock absorbers. The flywheel housing, located at the rear of the engine, is securely connected to the clutch housing. To improve traction properties and unify the tractor with various agricultural equipment, the machine was equipped with ballast - an additional weight that is installed on the rear wheel rims. Ballast weight is necessary to increase the weight of the tractor. In addition, the tractor design provides only front swivel wheels, but if necessary, the wheels can be doubled to improve maneuverability.
- MTZ-82.1 is equipped with a diesel engine assembled at the Minsk Motor Plant. The power plant is a simple four-cylinder unit with a 4-stroke layout and a displacement of 4.7 liters. The engine received direct injection. Aspirated motor. The developers abandoned turbocharging in order to reduce the cost and simplify the design. Despite this, the power unit develops an acceptable 80 horsepower, which is achieved already at 2200 rpm. To facilitate maintenance of the engine compartment, the arrangement of the cylinders was made vertical and in-line. Diesel has good traction characteristics. Thus, the maximum torque is 258 N/m. At the same time, there is still a 15 percent torque reserve factor. Let us note the combined lubrication system, the operating principle of which is quite primitive - parts are lubricated by splashing oil, which comes out under pressure. Let's pay attention to the main elements of the lubrication system: this is the engine oil sump, gear oil pump, cooling radiator, safety valve and full-flow oil filter. As for the fuel injection pump system, it consists of a booster pump, a high-pressure pump, coarse and fine filters, as well as fuel lines. To make starting easier in cold weather, an electric starter combined with a pre-heater is provided. The MMZ D-243 air cooling system is designed to prevent engine overheating in hot weather. The fuel tank holds 130 liters of diesel fuel, which is enough for long city trips, as well as construction, industrial and agricultural operations. Average fuel consumption is within 230 g/kW per hour.
- The machine is equipped with a single-plate clutch with a dry friction clutch and mechanical control. The clutch can be forcibly disengaged using the appropriate pedal. The gearbox has 18 forward gears and four reverse gears. The transmission is of a dual-range design, with a two-stage reduction gear. A so-called PTO (power take-off shaft) is also provided, capable of operating in power variants of 500-1000 rpm. The box has an optimized transmission range, adapted to the characteristics of the internal combustion engine. This allows you to fully unleash the potential of the engine and reach a maximum of 34 km/h.
- The MTZ-82.1 tractor has a hydraulic steering mechanism with a metering pump. The steering design also includes a hydraulic cylinder, as well as an optional hydromechanical booster. The steering system is driven by a gear pump NSh-10. In addition, we also note the auxiliary metering pump, which acts as a generator. The wheels are turned using a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. The braking system is represented by dry disc brakes. The brakes are mechanically controlled using separate pedals for the right and left sides. In transport mode, the pedal movements are blocked. The trailer's pneumatic brake drive is powered by a compressor motor. The pressure in the pneumatic system is 0.8 MPa. The towable trailer has a load capacity of 9000 kg.
- MTZ-82.1 received a separate-unit hydraulic system, which is powered by the refilled liquid. This fluid is supplied to the system via a hydraulic pump at a speed of 45 liters per minute. In this case, the nominal revolutions per minute are 2200 rpm. In fact, this is a standard hydraulic mounted arrangement that does not have its own power regulator. This design ensures the raising and lowering of mounted implements, including wide-cut implements.
Attachments for the MTZ-82.1 tractor
The MTZ-82.1 tractor can be mounted with the following attachments:
- Plow, harrow, seeder, fertilizer spreader, ripper, hiller, hay mower, baler, hay thrower, potato planter, potato digger, tedder rake, transport trailer (for agriculture)
- Log grabbers, loaders (for forestry)
- Front-end loader, backhoe hitch, bulldozer blades, drilling rig, hydraulic hammer, sweeper, ice chipper, tank trailer, sand spreader, mounted vacuum cleaner, lifting boom, rotary auger snow removal equipment (for construction and municipal services).
Cabin of the MTZ-82.1 tractor
The cabin of the MTZ-82.1 tractor has received a large number of innovations compared to the cabins of its predecessors. The level of safety and comfort in the cabin complies with ROPS and OECD standards. Thus, the cabin has an air filtration system, a heater and interior ventilation. In addition, the cabin is well vibration and noise insulated. It's quite quiet and cozy inside, even by modern standards. The wide glass area guarantees almost 180-degree visibility on all sides. In addition, there is glazing on the roof - in the form of a panoramic sunroof. In the maximum configuration, the cabin is equipped with two chairs, which can be adjusted based on the operator’s height and physique. The steering column can also be adjusted.
About operation
When you look at the abundance of levers, it seems that it is very difficult to control the tractor. But the eyes are afraid, but the hands do. Yes, to start the car you need to follow a specific algorithm: turn on the ground, move the gas lever to the working position, and the gear shift lever to a lower or higher range, and turn the ignition key. You can start from any gear.
“Belarusians” are generally indestructible, the boxes last forever, the engines last for 20 years. The main thing is to look after the air, fuel and oil filters. The only drawbacks I would note are the tires on the wheels and the lack of air conditioning. If there is no heat and wind, then no windows can save you,” Andrei Vasilevich wipes sweat from his forehead.
In fact, an air conditioner was invented for the model. Even in two versions: roof and engine compartment. This is just an option.
Thank goodness for the air-cushion chair, at least your spine won’t spill out on the bumps. True, on very loose soil, or what in our country is called directions, the song immediately comes to mind: “Hold on tight to the steering wheel, driver.” By the way, the seat and steering column can be easily adjusted for operators of different sizes and heights.
“His suspension is stiff. Why does he need springs? It will be unstable,” Andrei Ivanovich snaps, anticipating our question about ease of movement.
On the road, the cruising speed of the tractor is 45 km/h. Our tester says that “if you turn the pump, it will go faster. Only the engine will wear out faster.” So this is of no use to the car, especially since it is still under warranty.
Consumption is usually 13 liters per hundred when working on arable land, and 8-9 liters during normal use as municipal equipment or during loading operations. By the way, as Ivan says, these tractors can even run on pure kerosene.
“I work on it with a brush, cleaning the roads. I hang up a shovel and a pitchfork for loading branches. And in general, a lot of attachments have been invented for it,” explains the tractor driver.
The hydraulics here are Czech, from Jihostroy. But either the distributors are weak, or the pump power is not enough, or the valve is poorly adjusted, or for some reason, the operation of the KUN is delayed, despite the engine speed.
Meanwhile, the front “hitch” is the PKU-0.8 front loader from Salskselmash with the ability to lift loads to a height of up to 3.4 m. The equipment has been tested by time, so there is nothing to add or subtract here.
The rear linkage can operate at speeds of 540 and 1000 rpm. But if you use a brush with high performance, it is better not to switch - it can easily fly off. 540 rpm is quite enough.
Reviews
- Konstantin, Smolensk. The Belarus MTZ-82.1 tractor was purchased last year for several hundred thousand rubles. The car is completely worth the investment. Although the cabin is cramped, all controls are absolutely functional - there is ventilation and heating. All machine kits are of quite high quality and have a long service life. I would like to note good maintainability and low cost of spare parts. The machine can be serviced in a garage or field conditions. The tractor is well suited for construction and road work. Our employees use the machine both in public utilities and in loading and unloading operations. The hydraulic suspension system is quite simple and therefore reliable. No complicated electronics, and everything works without any interruptions. The tractor can be mounted with a variety of attachments. The engine power, however, is only limited and it often overheats. It is necessary to regularly clean the cooling system and oil channels. MTZ-82.1 is undemanding in terms of fuel quality and is very economical due to its low weight.
- Anton, Leningrad region. Our farm uses an all-wheel drive version of the Belarus MTZ-82.1 tractor. Such a machine moves more confidently on muddy ground, deep ruts and holes. The tractor overcomes any obstacles and is designed for a wide range of tasks. To do this, we have the necessary attachments, including wide-cut attachments and trailers. The simple design and high load capacity made this tractor universal, but low reliability and frequent breakdowns spoil the impression. I'm glad that the spare parts are cheap and can be found on the secondary market.
Description of the Belarus MTZ-82.1 tractor cabin
The tractor cabin is larger than previous models from this manufacturer. In addition, it is much more comfortable for the driver. It is equipped with an air filtration system inside. An interior heater is provided. The cabin is equipped with better noise, vibration and dust insulation. The side windows open. There is a sunroof and rear window. The cabin fully meets all modern safety requirements, in accordance with international standards.
Since 2013, the MTZ Belarus 82.1 tractor has been equipped with glow plugs of new technology, which makes starting the tractor engine much easier, especially at low temperatures. The new Belarus tractor model has the additional marking 10/43.
