The GAZ-4301 medium-duty truck appeared in the plant's production program in 1984. The car differed from previous models in the use of a diesel engine developed by specialists from the Gorky Automobile Plant based on the Steyr unit. Due to difficulties with development, serial production of the truck began only in 1993, and a few years later the assembly was discontinued.
Release history
Trucks began to be produced at the capital's plant, it was ZIL, and the GAZ plant began developing a model code-named 4301. A leading group of design engineers worked on it. In the construction of this car, names such as Prosvirin and Butusov appear. It was thanks to them that this brand of GAZ truck type car was released at the end of 1982. The truck was tested for sowing and harvesting work for a whole year.
Then, the truck waited for a route 9 thousand km long.
Machine modifications
During the production of the Gas-3309 car, the market saw many modifications. The main models include:
- 33090 - a truck with a base chassis and an MMZ D 245.7 engine, corresponding to Euro 2 and equipped with a turbine;
- 3309 “Dobrynya” - a car with a longer body, reaching 7.9 meters, has a cabin with a berth, spoilers and aerodynamic elements;
- 33091 - another extended version of the truck by 1.4 meters, also equipped with the MMZ D 245.7 power unit;
- SAZ 35071 is a dump truck with 3-way loading/loading, manufactured on the basis of Gaz-3309, transports loads up to 4.13 tons and has a body volume of 4.5 cubic meters. meters;
- 33092 - a truck with a double cab that allows you to transport up to seven people at a time, is equipped with MMZ D 245.7, has many add-ons for special equipment: workshops, firefighting vehicles, etc.;
- SAZ 35071 is another dump truck with 3-way loading/unloading, transports cargo up to 4.13 tons, and has a body volume of up to 5 cubic meters. meters, and when installing extension sides - up to 10 cubic meters. m;
- 33094 - a longer version of the Gaz-3309 truck, used as a bus;
- 33096 - a truck with a flatbed superstructure, equipped with a Cummins ISF 3.L engine, used for transporting special-purpose cargo;
- 33098 is another onboard Gaz-3309 vehicle, but with a YaMZ 53442-10 turbocharged diesel unit.
The main modifications of the Gas-3309 are presented above, but in practice there were significantly more of them. This is due to the high demand for the car, so the specialists of the Gorky plant tried to cover the needs of representatives of different areas and constantly worked on optimizing the technical part.
Engine device
The main difference from previous models was that the GAZ-4301 is a diesel engine. It also included the possibility of using the equipment as part of a road train. The technical characteristics of the car are simply amazing. So, it has a GAZ-542 V-6 engine with a power of 125 l/s. This was the first powerful diesel engine, which was assembled at the Gorkov plant.
Fuel is supplied by two pumps. Low-compression piston injector for fuel and high-compression mechanical centrifugal adjustable dual-mode in-line injector. It is possible to pump up the diesel engine manually; a special pump is installed for this purpose.
Truck engine Gas 4301
There are 2 filters:
- rough cleaning;
- fine cleaning.
There is a dry filter system that is equipped with a contamination sensor. Air cooling is carried out by supplying a fan with air from a fluid coupling.
Chassis, suspension
The GAZ-4301 uses a front suspension on two longitudinal semi-elliptic springs, with an additional rubber compression buffer. The rear suspension is based on two longitudinal semi-elliptical springs with additional metal springs and shock absorbers. The shock absorbers on the front axle are hydraulic, telescopic, double-acting.
To increase the energy capacity of the springs and limit their deflection, rubber compression springs are installed on the frame side member in the area of the front axle. Rubber buffers are also installed on the lower flange of the rear frame side members, above the rear axle, to limit the degree of spring deflection.
The wheels on the GAZ-4301 are disc-mounted, with a two-component rim and a split bead ring. Tires - pneumatic, radial, size 8.25 R20, ply rating - NS-12. The recommended tire pressure is: front wheels – 370 kPa, or 3.8 kgf/cm2; rear wheels - 540 kPa, or 5.5 kgf/cm2.
Brake system
The brake system is dual-circuit and consists of units built into the wheels with two independent drives. The braking force is intelligently distributed to all 4 wheels, allowing for smooth braking, but at the same time quite effective. No matter what the road conditions are, all 4 wheels are locked.
During emergency braking, the front and rear wheels remain free, which prevents skidding and ensures optimal control.
If the truck stops smoothly, then redistribution occurs, ensuring weight distribution along the axles. At the same time, the productive work of the front pair of wheels is doubled. The brake system has 2 hydraulic drives and pneumatic reinforcement. Moreover, the trailer is controlled by an autonomous braking system.
The brake drums themselves are cast and made of cast iron, which provides high strength and wear resistance. At the front they are installed on the edges of the hubs, at the rear on the axle shafts. You can automatically adjust the gap between the drums.
Technical specifications in numbers
- Overall dimensions: length – 6.42 m; width – 2.38 m; height – 2.42 m (over the cabin), 2.87 m (over the awning).
- Wheelbase - 3.7 m.
- Front wheel track – 1.7 m; rear wheel track (between the middles of the double slopes) - 1.71 m.
- Minimum ground clearance (with maximum load) – 245 mm.
- Overhang angles with full load: front - 36 degrees; rear (along the tow hook) - 31 degrees.
- The minimum turning radius along the track axis of the front outer wheel is 8 m.
- The maximum incline a vehicle can climb when fully loaded is 25 degrees.
- Load capacity: onboard – 5 tons; with awning - 4.85 tons.
- Overall dimensions of the cargo platform – length 3490 mm, width 2170 mm; side height 510 mm.
- Curb weight of the vehicle - onboard - 3.9 tons; with awning - 4,050 tons.
- The total weight of the vehicle is 9.05 tons.
- Load distribution: front axle – 2.35 tons; on the rear axle - 6.7 tons.
- The permissible weight of the towed trailer is 7 tons.
How does the model differ from others?
The reviews for this car are simply impressive. The owners are especially pleased with the presence of original disks, which in addition to 4 oblong ventilation windows have 4 more small holes located between them.
GAZ wheels cannot be installed on another car, since their structure was developed specifically for the GAZ-4301. Another advantage is the presence of two main brake cylinders with a pneumatic booster, which is located to the left of the frame between the cab and the fuel tank. The car comes with special wear-resistant tires that have a ply class of HC12. Maintenance and repair of the Gazelle is not very expensive, which cannot but please the owners.
The steering has a hydraulic booster, which significantly improves driving. This device pleases all drivers, as the large truck takes corners wonderfully. Moreover, the presence of such a device reduced the number of turns of the steering wheel, which made life much easier for the owner of the device. Most of all, the presence of a hydraulic booster manifests itself during maneuvers in confined spaces.
This is what the steering column looks like for Gas 4301.
Due to this mechanism, shocks to the steering mechanism from road imperfections are absorbed, and the controllability of the device also improves when in contact with large bumps, or in the event of a punctured wheel.
The stability of the car is quite high. The plant engineers managed to achieve this by installing remote control of the differential lock using a pneumatic valve. Moreover, the updated transmission and axles had a positive effect. The GAZ is based on a frame made of high-strength material, which is considered wear-resistant and will last for quite a long time. The front suspension significantly reduces loads, distributing them evenly across all pairs of wheels. Improves vehicle traction performance.
This is what the frame looks like for Gas 4301.
There is an installed pair of semi-elliptical front springs with an additional compression kit made of rubber plates. The rear suspension consists of a pair of springs and additional leaf springs. All these characteristics are significantly higher than those of other car models of the same type. The advantages of the GAZ-4301 are obvious. However, due to the fact that all parts for the GAZ truck are only suitable for original ones, you will have to look for spare parts. Most often, car dismantling comes to the rescue. It is there that you can find all the necessary details.
Transmission GAZ-4301
The transmission of the GAZ-4301 truck includes a single-plate closed dry friction clutch with a diaphragm spring and a hydraulic drive. As well as a manual five-speed gearbox, three-way, with synchronizers in all gears except first and reverse. There are two synchronizers at this gearbox, of the inertial type. First gear and reverse gear are engaged by a gear clutch. Gear ratios: I - 6.286; II - 3.391; III - 2.133; IV - 1.351; V - 1.0; reverse gear - 5.429. Cardan transmission - two open shafts with an intermediate support; three universal joints on needle bearings. The main gear is a conical, hypoid type. Gear ratio - 5.857. Differential - bevel, gear, with forced locking. The locking mechanism is controlled remotely by a pneumatic valve.
Operation and repair
As for reviews of this car, modern owners still note that this is the most economical and durable model. Over many years of use, repairs and investments were practically not required.
Best used as a towing vehicle. Of all the faults, the most common is rapid wear of the brake system and compressor.
Basically there are much more positive reviews than negative ones. Therefore, we can say that the car has proven itself well, despite the fact that it was discontinued. At one time, quite a lot of models were produced that were distributed to owners throughout the country. GAZ-4301 was built in the early 80s by order of the party. Initially, the car was intended for household work.
Raised body of a Gas 4301 dump truck.
That is, it could be found on sowing fields and latrines.
The car was tested on a long-distance drive, where it gave positive and quite impressive results. It was the first powerful diesel engine, which simply impressed with its characteristics. No truck of that time could simply compare in terms of technical equipment with the 4301 model. All parts for it were produced and developed specially. Moreover, they did not fit any other model. The truck itself is made of high-strength material. Its durability is amazing. Additionally, it is equipped with a cooling, heating and ventilation system. Power steering helps the huge car perform complex maneuvers in a fairly limited space. The driver does not have to turn the steering wheel multiple times to enter a turn. Now all this is done by the hydraulic booster.
Power steering pump for gas 4301
Thanks to it, the car turns smoothly, even if it is loaded. The truck has great stability even on uneven surfaces. And its GAZ braking system works flawlessly, despite the road surface and weather conditions. All this makes the truck remarkable for use in household work.
Preventive measures
T-34 tank during the Second World War: design, technical characteristics, weapons, crew actions
Having studied the possible causes of leaf loss, it is necessary to develop a system of preventive measures that will help avoid mistakes in orchid care and prevent the occurrence of undesirable phenomena.
Prevention measures should include correct temperature conditions, sufficient lighting, optimal watering and fertilizing, as well as measures to identify diseases and pests. The entire complex of methods is developed in relation to each type of “daughters of the air” individually.
If you have previously made mistakes when breeding orchids, you should try not to repeat them again.
Vehicle modifications and improvements
Subsequently, some modifications to the car were made. For better stability, the nodes have been changed and updated. The gearbox has become completely different; a differential lock using pneumatics has appeared. The front axle has also been improved. But a more powerful power unit was installed on it, which increased the load. After this, the car began to get stuck in unstable ground. Subsequently, during times of crisis, the truck lost its relevance. So, in 1995 it was discontinued.
Nowadays such a truck is quite difficult to find. But in many villages it still serves its purpose. If someone is going to repair a car, then it will not be easy to find spare parts for it. To do this, it is best to contact a disassembler or those who sell the remaining parts. If you want to convert such a car, you will need to obtain permission from the traffic police inspection.
The biggest problem that owners can face
The dump truck has completed its scheduled service life. Kyzov is still fine, but the engine and gearbox are in trouble. Nowadays it is impossible to find original ones, so people are interested in what engine and gearbox can be installed instead of original units.
What can I say?
Someone says that the MTZ-80 engine will do, and the ZIL gearbox will do. Others say that it is better to use a gearbox from MMZ.
But whatever you choose, get ready for the fact that such a refurbishment could cost you at least 300,000 rubles. Plus the work will take a long time. And it’s not a fact that it will be done efficiently.
Therefore, in this case, we advise you to think about purchasing a new truck.
Comments:
Sergey
2014-06-28 11:05:14
Please tell me how much the 542 engine weighs?
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What can be concluded?
GAZ-4301 in its years turned out to be a new way of development of the Gorky Automobile Plant. Transport was ahead of its time, since in the 80-90s of the last century diesel was of poor quality. This led to low demand, as due to poor fuel the engine quickly broke down and required serious repairs.
Due to the crisis in the 90s, the state reduced orders for agricultural machinery. Model 4301 trucks were assembled in small batches. Such production volumes increased the cost of diesel engines, which made the production of this product unprofitable. This led to the project's closure in 1994.
20 years later, in the era of high-quality diesel fuel, these trucks found a second life. Due to their low cost (compared to foreign analogues), the proliferation of components and maintainability, they are in high demand in agriculture and other industries. If you repair old copies and replace problematic technical components, the machine will work stably for a long time and without serious breakdowns. Economic payback does not exceed 2-3 years.
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