KamAZ-54115 - a truck tractor produced by the Kama Automobile Plant. The model received a number of design features that significantly increased its carrying capacity. In comparison with the KamAZ-5410 modification, the car had a different arrangement of elements behind the cab (tank, air filter, receivers, spare wheel, etc.).
The truck was a cabover type. Its production lasted from 2000 to 2011.
KamAZ-54115 was a classic truck tractor. The model spread very quickly in the domestic market and soon appeared in other countries. The improved and modernized version was used as transportation equipment and could be operated in various climatic zones. The vehicle performed tasks in the Far North, in the desert, in the tropics and in the highlands.
general description
The KamAZ truck series 54115 belongs to the classic tractors that do not function without a linkage and work only with semi-trailers. New characteristics for KamAZ 54115 are a fifth-wheel coupling mechanism, through which the vehicle is connected to the support platform, and a high cabin, a prototype of subsequent series.
Compared to the previous modification of KamAZ 5410, the design difference of this truck is the changed arrangement of components at the rear of the cab. After its release, the model was in great demand; KamAZ 54115 was actively purchased both within the Russian Federation and abroad.
The popularity of the improved tractor is explained by its characteristics - the modernization made it possible to expand the operating conditions in which the new version was used. The vehicle is intended for cargo transportation in the following weather conditions:
- in the Far North;
- in conditions of high tropical humidity;
- in the highlands;
- in the desert and other areas with difficult environmental parameters.
The maximum load capacity of the tractor is within 20100 kg, which allows it to be loaded simultaneously with several elements, including not only semi-trailers, but also tanks.
Cabin design
Cabin KAMAZ 54115
The interior of the cabin deserves special attention. After the modernization, a sleeping place appeared, as a result of which trips over long distances became more comfortable. While driving, the driver had the opportunity to stop and rest at any time. The absence of a hood, a wide windshield and a high roof provide full visibility and reduce the risk of a possible collision with other road users. The high driving position also makes driving easier.
The cabin of the KamAZ-54115 vehicle is similar to those currently being produced. There are 3 seats installed ergonomically inside. The driver's seat is highly comfortable and has an anatomical shape. A comfortable steering wheel with hydraulic booster makes it easier to control and reduces the load on the driver's hands.
Despite some minimalism, the cabin is quite comfortable. The warm air supply system allows you to quickly heat the interior even in the cold season. The opportunity to take passengers is especially important for those who have a long journey ahead.
KamAZ-54115 driver's workplace
Table: technical characteristics of KamAZ 54115
| Curb weight | 7.4 t |
| Total weight | 19.55 t |
| Gross semi-trailer weight | 26.85 t |
| Total weight of the road train | 34.4 t |
| Load capacity | 20.1 t |
| Front Axle Load/Full Weight | 3.78 t/4.58 t |
| Rear axle load/full weight | 3.62 t/14.97 t |
| Fifth wheel load | 12 t |
| Speed limit | 90 km/h |
| Drive unit | 6x4 |
| checkpoint | mechanical, 10 speeds |
Tractor device
The KamAZ 54115 model range was developed in accordance with advanced standards. The use of new design solutions has made this tractor more technically modern:
- Less weight of the structure. The use of new lightweight materials has made it possible to significantly reduce the overall weight of the vehicle without compromising the strength of the components.
- Reduced cost of consumables and maintenance. The components and fuel used in the car are aimed at the Russian market and domestic manufacturers.
The technical characteristics inherent in KamAZ 54115 are due to new technologies, materials and changes in a number of structural elements. These parameters allowed the developers to create a more reliable and economical option.
Advantages and disadvantages
Before purchasing, you should consider the advantages and disadvantages of this particular model.
Pros of the car
The advantages include the following:
- outstanding maneuverability;
- spacious cabin;
- fairly small turning radius;
- ease of operation and repair;
- low cost of maintenance;
- availability of a sleeping place;
- comfortable driver's seat;
- price;
- reliability in use;
- the presence of various modifications;
- load capacity.
Cons of the car
But it is worth considering the disadvantages, which include the following:
- considerable fuel consumption;
- breakdowns often occur;
- no all-wheel drive.
Dimensions of the base model
The main modification of the truck tractor from the KamAZ 54115-010 line has the following dimensions:
| Options | Size, mm |
| height | 3110 |
| length | 6155 |
| width | 2500 |
| wheelbase | 4160 |
| front track | 2050 |
| rear track | 1890 |
| ground clearance (ground clearance) | 290 |
| minimum turning radius | 9000 |
The total weight of the truck when not loaded (curb weight) is 7400 kg. The permissible load on the front axle is 4580 kg, on the rear axle – 14970 kg. The significant weight of the tractor does not have much impact on the dynamic performance, since part of the load is redistributed to the semi-trailer. The speed of representatives of this model range is within 90 km/h, with overcoming a climb with an 18% slope.
Purpose
The KamAZ-54115 with its technical characteristics was ideal for the role of the base tractor. Moreover, the model could be used with several semi-trailers at once, including side elements and tanks. The maximum carrying capacity of the vehicle was 20,000 kg.
The equipment operated with different trailers, but two types of equipment were most widespread:
- a general purpose trailer, which is an onboard wheeled device used for transporting piece goods with certain dimensions and weight (boxes of cereals, things, household chemicals, fruits, bottles and similar goods);
- semi-trailers for transporting dangerous goods, equipped with special flashing lights.
A sleeping place appeared in the KamAZ-54115 cabin, so the vehicle made it possible to carry out transportation over long distances. The six-by-four wheel arrangement ensured good maneuverability and stability. The model was reliable and showed excellent performance during operation.
The car was offered in several versions. The main differences were the size of the fuel tank (350 or 250 l) and the type of trailers interacting with the equipment. The basic version was equipped with a classic exhaust system, unprotected electrics and a small fuel tank.
Other versions may have the following differences:
- armored fuel tank;
- a modernized exhaust system with a different location of the front bumper, complemented by a spark arrester;
- flashing light on the roof;
- shielded electrical system.
The most popular modifications of the model are::
- classic version KamAZ-54115-010;
- KamAZ-54115-010-13;
- KamAZ-54115-011-13.
Engine parameters
The truck is equipped with a diesel engine equipped with a turbocharging function. The motor is an internal development of the plant taking into account the Euro-2 standard and is approved for use in areas that impose requirements within the framework of this standard. Engine 740.31-240 l. With. has the following parameters:
- V-shaped engine configuration;
- rated power 165/176 kW;
- 8-cylinder 4-stroke engine;
- intercooling;
- engine volume 10.85 l;
- maximum torque 834 Nm.
The KamAZ 54115 model range has different types of fuel tanks (capacity 250 and 350 l). Average fuel consumption is within 3.55 l/10 km, with a diesel compression ratio of 16.5.
Basic faults
| Cause of malfunction | Remedy |
| The engine does not start | |
| Lack of fuel in the tank | Fill the fuel tank, bleed the fuel supply system |
| Presence of air in the fuel supply system | Bleed the system |
| Freezing of water that gets into the fuel pipes or onto the fuel tank intake screen | Carefully warm up the fuel filters, pipes and tank with a rag moistened with hot water or steam; do not use an open flame for heating |
| The engine does not develop the required power, runs unstable, increased smoke | |
| Clogged air filter element or air intake hood | Perform air purifier maintenance |
| Fuel thickening (during cold periods) | Replace fuel with the appropriate fuel for the season. Turn on the electric heating of the fuel, bleed the fuel supply system |
| Clogged fuel filter elements in FGOT, FTOT | Replace filter elements |
| Increased oil consumption | |
| Prolonged engine operation at idle speed | Do not operate the engine at idle speed unless necessary. |
| Oil leaks through leaks in the lubrication system | Check the condition of process plugs, plugs, tightness of fasteners at joints, condition of O-rings and gaskets |
| Air cleaner or air intake hood clogged | Service the air cleaner or clean the hood mesh |
| Reduced pressure in the lubrication system | |
| Oil pressure sensor malfunction | Check the serviceability of the oil pressure sensor |
| Oil pump intake clogged | Wash the intake |
| Low oil level in the oil sump | Check and, if necessary, add oil to about |
| Increased fluid temperature in the cooling system | |
| Radiator core contamination | Clean the radiator core from dirt |
Extra options
Better maneuverability of the traction vehicle is provided by a reinforced frame and gearbox, which have the following characteristics:
- the frame is supplemented with 2 spars that are connected to each other;
- semi-elliptic springs on the front suspension;
- improved gearbox operating in 10 positions.
All truck tractors of the KamAZ 54115 series are well controlled, stable on the road and have high maneuverability on difficult soils.
Chassis
The KamAZ-54115 frame is reinforced with a pair of side members of constant cross-section; they are connected to each other by transverse beams. All connections are riveted. The front axle is on a dependent suspension and a pair of semi-elliptical springs, the rear axle is spring-balanced.
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Car cost
The model range has been discontinued, but the tractors are still in demand. The average price of an unused basic model is within 1.5 million rubles. For a used truck produced in 2000-2004, sellers ask from 500 to 650 thousand rubles. The approximate price for hourly rental is 1400-1900 rubles/hour.
All modifications of KamAZ-54115 are reliable in operation, durable in bad weather conditions and economical to maintain. The disadvantages of these trucks are a poorly equipped cabin with a lack of comfort and high fuel consumption.
Modifications
Based on the basic model, 4 modifications were made.
KamAZ-54115-010. The main purpose is to transport semi-trailers with standard loads for construction, road repair, cleaning work, etc.
KamAZ-54115-911. Designed for transportation of dangerous goods. Model design features:
- enhanced protection of the fuel tank;
- unique exhaust system located in the front of the car;
- electrical system shielding;
- presence of signal beacons on top of the cabin.
The orange color of the cab provides additional safety by attracting increased attention from other road users.
KamAZ-54115-010-13. The model features increased power traction for transporting particularly heavy loads. Complies with EURO-1.
KamAZ-54115-15. Equipped with a powerful engine with 240 hp. s., meeting the requirements of EURO-2.
Years of production of KamAZ-54115 are 2000–2012. The model is currently not in production.
