KamAZ-6522 is a fairly powerful dump truck that has proven itself well on the Russian market. The model is characterized by high reliability and durability, as well as ease of operation - largely thanks to the studied design, which has been tested by time. KamAZ-6522 in terms of design is practically no different from the entire KamAZ family of vehicles. Thus, most of the parts are unified, and allows you to use another similar machine as a donor for repairs. The key advantages of the KamAZ-6522, as well as other KamAZ vehicles, include high fuel efficiency, acceptable dynamics, high torque and maximum power density.
Design and interior
The appearance of the KamAZ-6522 cabin is no different from other KamAZ vehicles of recent years of production. Among the striking features of the cabin are massive wheel arches, large side mirrors, and a bumper combined with the cabin. The headlights are built into the bumper, which is perhaps the key difference between the cabin and its predecessor. We also note the improved two-stage step, which makes it much easier to climb into the cabin. In general, KamAZ-6522 looks quite modern when compared with its competitors. Of course, the commonality of parts with old cars of previous years has been preserved, but for the truck this is rather a plus. A nice addition is the presence of a protective canopy installed between the cabin and the cargo platform. By the way, under the bottom of the platform there is a special space in which exhaust gases accumulate, which very effectively heat the cargo, and thereby prevent it from “sticking” to the body. Naturally, KamAZ-6522, even in the basic configuration, is equipped with an automatic body lowering system.
The design of the interior space of the KamAZ-6522 largely refers to trucks from previous years of production. Nothing has changed inside for a long time, which confirms the time-tested design. Apparently, this is why the developers decided not to carry out a large-scale restyling of the interior, and limited themselves to cosmetic updates. Let's note the ideal ergonomics of the driver's seat - all levers and controls are located where they should be. Settings and controls of the body and chassis do not require getting used to, as everything is done simply and unpretentiously. The driver's seat has adequate lateral support for a truck of this caliber. The chair itself is mounted on an air suspension, which allows you to adjust the position in height. It is also possible to adjust the position of the steering wheel to suit yourself.
KamAZ 5320 fuel consumption reviews Vehicle design
Dump trucks from 22 l for model 43255 to 37.2 l 65201 per 100 km for summer operation, and 24.5 l 40.9 l for the same models and winter use, respectively;. Brand Kamaz Fuel consumption Kamaz summer, liter 100 km Fuel consumption Kamaz winter, liter 100 km Brands Dump trucks KamAZ KAMAZ-45141 A 33 37 KAMAZ-45143 26 29 KAMAZ-43255 22 25 KAMAZ-55102 26.
| KAMAZ trucks up to 2008 | ||
| Model | Fuel consumption rate, l/100 km | Type of fuel |
Modifications
There are several modifications of KamAZ-6522 on the market. Let's look at the most popular of them.
- KamAZ-6522-63 - this version has a proven design and is distinguished by a modern and practical design. The restyled cabin combines comfort, convenience and reliability. This modification is no different from other trucks in this series in terms of wheel configuration and traction characteristics. But despite this, KamAZ-6522-63 has several improvements. For example, the vehicle is equipped with a mechanical transmission from ZF, which is KamAZ's largest partner. This box is able to better reveal the potential of the chassis and fully unleash the power of the engine.
- KamAZ-6522-077 is the latest modification of this series. This machine is also equipped with a ZF gearbox, but is equipped with a cabin from its predecessor. On the one hand, this can be considered a minus, but on the other hand, it significantly reduces the cost of the car, and not at the expense of overall functionality. For example, in this version the truck has similar load capacity and technical parameters. However, it should be noted that KamAZ-6522-077 has a slightly different purpose, different from version 6522-63. The fact is that the chassis of this truck allows it to overcome difficult off-road areas, which makes the model a real rogue. Increased ground clearance, reinforced frame, higher and shorter body overhangs, large “toothed” wheels with deep tread are the main advantages compared to the more urban version 6522-63. The gable busbar also contributed to the improvement in cross-country ability.
- KamAZ-6522 is certainly the leader in its price segment. The car is in great demand in the transportation of bulk cargo. This model is readily purchased by large industrial, construction and transport companies.
Factors affecting fuel consumption • Dimensions and load capacity
| What is the fuel consumption of a Kamaz - Special equipment And if with passenger cars everything is a little easier, there is no particularly great gluttony here, then freight transport is already distinguished by high needs. The amount of fuel consumed in freight transport, in particular on Kamaz dump trucks, is always taken into account in the loaded state and depends on the load capacity. |
Factors affecting fuel consumption • If there is a lack of air in the brake system, the wheel mechanisms are braked, placing additional load on the power plant;.
Technical specifications
Dimensions and load capacity
It must be said right away that the truck turned out to be quite maneuverable, despite the heavy weight and rather large tires. By the way, the wheel arrangement of the truck is 6x6. This may not be impressive compared to even more expensive competitors. It is thanks to the 6x6 that the truck listens well to the steering wheel both in urban and suburban conditions, and in off-road areas.
The dump truck has a length of 78880 mm, and the width and height are 2500 and 3280 mm, respectively. The wheelbase volume reaches 4080 mm. Let’s also pay attention to the curb weight of the car – 13950 kg. In this case, the payload on the front axle is 5950 kg, and on the rear axle – 8000 kg. As a result, the total weight can reach an impressive 33,100 kg, of which 7,500 kg is on the front axle and 25,600 kg on the rear bogie.
According to official data, the maximum carrying capacity of the KamAZ-6522 reaches 19 tons. The capacity of the cargo platform is 12 cubic meters - this is enough to accommodate large industrial and construction luggage. The convenience of unloading it lies in the fact that the body can be raised back at an angle of up to 50 degrees.
KamAZ-6522 is often used as a road train. In this case, the maximum weight of the truck can reach 47,500 kg. Despite all these impressive parameters, the truck is quite capable of driving at city speeds of 65 km/h, and thus not impeding traffic. When loaded, the car can climb a 25 percent incline.
Motor range
KamAZ-6522 can be equipped with one of two power plants, both domestic and imported.
- The basic package includes the Russian KamAZ-740.1-320 diesel engine, equipped with turbocharging technology and charge air cooling. Depending on the version, the engine supports environmental standards no lower than Euro-2; the latest versions have support for Euro-5. The engine is built according to the V8 design, the displacement is 11.7 liters, and the power reaches 235 horsepower. The main advantages of this installation are its simple and time-tested design, which does not require enormous financial costs, especially in comparison with a more top-end motor, which will be discussed later.
- Imported diesel E-4 Cummins ISLe 375, having a V6 design. Despite the smaller number of cylinders, this unit, with a relatively modest displacement of 8.9 liters, is capable of developing 375 horsepower. Such a big difference has a positive effect on dynamics, traction characteristics, as well as off-road capabilities. This motor is also structurally simple, but more expensive to maintain. But its advantages are obvious.
Fuel consumption
Regardless of the power plant, the KamAZ-6522 is equipped with a fuel tank with a capacity of 350 liters. Judging by the official operational data, the truck’s fuel consumption almost agrees with the feedback comments from the owners themselves, which is good news. In any case, a large tank is enough for all operating conditions. So, in the summer, the average consumption reaches 35 liters per 100 km, and in the winter season the truck consumes about 40 liters. The imported power plant is not only more powerful, but also more economical thanks to the Common Rail system.
Design features and reliability
The front axle structure of the KamAZ-6522 includes a camera, gear, crankcase, bushings, washers, gaskets and other elements. Please note that modification 6522 has a front drive axle.
As is the case with its competitors, the KamAZ-6522 dump truck over a long run is subject to significant wear of almost all parts. Although the components that wear out first are those that do not require large expenses for repair or replacement. In addition, the Russian market has a large assortment of spare parts for the KamAZ-6522, and at affordable prices. In this regard, the car can be considered quite reliable, largely thanks to its powerful dealer network. The truck is ideally suited to difficult climatic and road conditions. In addition, the KamAZ-6522 chassis withstands temperature changes well. Since fuel is supplied to the engine mechanically, there are no problems with ignition in winter. The car boasts impressive wheel arches, which allows you to install tires of almost any diameter.
Other design features include air suspension, which provides comfort regardless of the quality of the road surface. Under the cabin itself there is a power unit, access to which opens when the cabin is raised. By the way, the cabin has a high roof, and the driver’s seating position is quite high, which increases visibility.
The truck has a low center of gravity, which provides almost standard stability. The truck has a welded all-metal platform that is heated (due to exhaust gases). Interestingly, exactly the same body is installed on version 6520-73. The platform is raised and lowered using a hydraulic mechanism, which is controlled from the cab.
The reliability and survivability of KamAZ-6522 has been confirmed by many years of testing in Siberia. The most advanced versions of KamAZ-6522 are equipped with a 16-speed ZF16S manual transmission.
Troubleshooting KamAZ-6522
Restyled models of the KamAZ-6522 dump truck are equipped with an electronic control unit (ECU), which allows fault diagnosis directly from the truck cab. To do this, just press the “CHECK” button (located below the steering column or near the fuse box) and read the error code. A table with error codes can be found here:
| Error code | Description |
| 111 | Critical Internal ECM Failure - Logic Device Failure |
| 115 | Loss of signals from the main and backup crankshaft speed/position sensors - chaotic or incorrect data |
| 122 | Intake Manifold Pressure Sensor 1 Circuit - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 123 | Intake Manifold Pressure Sensor 1 Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 124 | Intake Manifold Pressure Sensor 1 Circuit - Accurate but High - Moderate Severity |
| 131 | Pedal or accelerator position sensor circuit 1 - Voltage above normal or short circuit to high voltage |
| 132 | Pedal or Accelerator Position Sensor Circuit 1 - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 133 | Remote Control Pedal or Accelerator Position Sensor Circuit 1 - Voltage Higher than Normal or Short to High Voltage |
| 134 | Remote Control Pedal/Accelerator Position Sensor 1 Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 135 | Lubrication system main pressure sensor circuit 1 - voltage above normal or short circuit to high voltage |
| 141 | Oil Main Pressure Sensor Circuit 1 - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 143 | Main line pressure sensor - engine lubrication system - accurate, but below normal - medium severity |
| 144 | Coolant Temperature Sensor Circuit 1 - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 145 | Coolant Temperature Sensor 1 Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 146 | Coolant Temperature - Accurate but Above Normal - Moderate Severity |
| 151 | Coolant Temperature - Accurate but High - Highest Severity |
| 153 | Intake Manifold Temperature Sensor 1 Circuit - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 154 | Intake Manifold Temperature Sensor 1 Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 241 | Speed of a wheeled vehicle - chaotic or incorrect data |
| 242 | Interference with the wheeled vehicle speed sensor has been detected - the rate of change is not normal |
| 245 | Fan Control Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Shorted to Low Voltage |
| 249 | Ambient Temperature Sensor 1 Circuit - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 252 | Engine oil level - chaotic or incorrect data |
| 253 | Engine oil level - accurate, but below normal - highest level of severity |
| 256 | Ambient Temperature Sensor 1 Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 271 | Fuel Pump Delivery Module 1 Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 272 | Fuel Pump Delivery Module 1 Circuit - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 281 | Fuel Pump Delivery Module 1 - Mechanical system response is abnormal or out of adjustment |
| 285 | Parameter group number (PGN) timeout exceeded during SAE J1939 multiplex network operation - data update rate is not normal |
| 286 | SAE J1939 Multiplex Network Configuration Error - Calibration Out of Order |
| 287 | SAE J1939 multiplexed pedal or lever position sensor - erroneous data received over network |
| 288 | SAE J1939 Multiplexed Remote Control Pedal or Lever Position Sensor - Incorrect Data Received Over Network |
| 292 | Auxiliary Temperature Sensor Input 1 - Special Instructions |
| 293 | Auxiliary Temperature Sensor 1 Input Circuit - High Voltage or Short to High Voltage |
| 294 | Auxiliary Temperature Sensor 1 Input Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 295 | Atmospheric pressure - chaotic nature or erroneous data |
| 296 | Auxiliary Pressure Sensor 1 Input - Special Instructions |
| 297 | Auxiliary Pressure Sensor 1 Input Circuit - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 298 | Auxiliary Pressure Sensor 1 Input Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 322 | Cylinder 1 Injector Solenoid Valve Relay Circuit - Current Below Normal or Open Circuit |
| 323 | Cylinder 5 Injector Solenoid Valve Relay Circuit - Current Below Normal or Open Circuit |
| 324 | Cylinder 3 Injector Solenoid Valve Relay Circuit - Current Below Normal or Open Circuit |
| 325 | Cylinder 6 Injector Solenoid Valve Relay Circuit - Current Below Normal or Open Circuit |
| 331 | Cylinder 2 Injector Solenoid Valve Relay Circuit - Current Below Normal or Open Circuit |
| 332 | Cylinder 4 Injector Solenoid Valve Relay Circuit - Low Current or Open Circuit |
| 334 | Coolant temperature - erratic or incorrect data |
| 343 | ECM Internal Failure Warning - Logic Unit Failure |
| 351 | Injector power circuit - logic device malfunction |
| 352 | Sensor Power Circuit 1 - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 386 | Sensor power circuit 1 - voltage above normal or short circuit to high voltage |
| 415 | Engine main oil line pressure - accurate, but below normal - highest level of severity |
| 442 | Battery Voltage 1 - Accurate but Above Normal - Moderate Severity |
| 449 | High Pressure Common Fuel Line 1 Pressure Sensor Circuit - Accurate but Above Normal - Highest Severity (ISB Engine) |
| 449 | High Pressure Common Fuel Line 1 Pressure Sensor Circuit - Accurate but Above Normal - Highest Severity (ISC or ISL Engines) |
| 451 | Common Fuel Pressure Sensor Circuit 1 - High Voltage or Short to High Voltage |
| 452 | High Pressure Common Fuel Pressure Sensor Circuit 1 - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 471 | Engine oil level - accurate, but below normal - lowest level of severity |
| 488 | Intake Manifold Temperature 1 - Accurate but High - Moderate Severity |
| 499 | Oil level sensor circuit - voltage below normal or short circuit to low voltage |
| 528 | Auxiliary Torque Curve Select Switch - Erratic or Incorrect Data |
| 529 | Auxiliary Input/Output 3 - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 553 | High Pressure Common Fuel Line 1 Pressure Sensor Circuit - Accurate but Exceeded - Highest Severity |
| 554 | Pressure sensor circuit in common high pressure fuel line 1 - chaotic or erroneous data |
| 555 | Crankcase gas pressure - data is accurate, but above normal - average level of severity |
| 556 | Crankcase gas pressure - data is accurate, but above normal - the highest level of severity |
| 559 | Common Fuel Pressure Sensor Circuit 1 - Accurate but Below Normal - Moderate Severity |
| 559 (ISC and ISL engines) | Common Fuel Pressure Sensor Circuit 1 - Accurate but Below Normal - Moderate Severity |
| 584 | Starter Relay Control Circuit - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 688 | Engine oil level - accurate, but above normal - highest level of severity |
| 689 | Engine speed/position - Erratic or erroneous data |
| 691 | Turbocharger Compressor Inlet Temperature Sensor Circuit 1 - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 692 | Turbocharger Compressor Inlet Temperature Sensor Circuit 1 - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 698 | ECM Internal Temperature Sensor Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 731 | Improper coordination of the camshaft speed/position sensors and the crankshaft - the reaction of the mechanical system is not normal or the adjustment is out of order |
| 778 | Engine speed/camshaft position - erratic or erroneous data |
| 779 | Accessory Sensor 3 Input Circuit - Root Cause Unknown |
| 784 | Adaptive cruise control system - erratic or incorrect data |
| 1117 | Power loss when turning the starter switch to ON. — Chaotic nature or erroneous data |
| 1239 | Pedal or Accelerator Position Sensor 2 Circuit - Voltage Higher than Normal or Short to High Voltage |
| 1241 | Pedal or Accelerator Position Sensor 2 Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 1242 | Pedal or accelerator position sensors 1 and 2 - chaotic or incorrect data |
| 1663 | The temperature sensors at the inlet and outlet of the catalytic converter are reversed - the condition remains the same |
| 1664 | Missing catalytic converter - condition persists |
| 1665 | Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Circuit 1 - Voltage Below Normal or Shorted to Low Voltage |
| 1666 | Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Circuit 1 - High Voltage or Short to High Voltage |
| 1866 | Exhaust Gas Recirculation Valve Differential Pressure Sensor Circuit - Erratic or Data Incorrect |
| 1876 | Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Circuit 3 - High Voltage or Short to High Voltage |
| 1877 | Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Circuit 3 - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 1878 | Temperature in the exhaust gas treatment system 3 - erratic or incorrect data |
| 1879 | Aftertreatment Particulate Filter Differential Pressure Sensor Circuit - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 1881 | Aftertreatment Particulate Filter Differential Pressure Sensor Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 1883 | Differential pressure sensor on the particulate filter of the exhaust gas treatment system - chaotic or incorrect data |
| 1896 | Exhaust Gas Recirculation Valve Controller - Incorrect Calibration |
| 1899 | Exhaust Gas Recirculation Valve Differential Pressure Sensor - Accurate but Above Normal - Moderate Severity |
| 1911 | High Pressure Common Fuel Line 1 Pressure Sensor Circuit - Accurate but Exceeded - Highest Severity |
| 1921 | Emissions Particulate Filter Pressure Drop - Accurate but Above Normal - Moderate Severity |
| 1922 | Emissions Particulate Filter Pressure Drop - Accurate but Higher than Normal - Highest Severity Level |
| 2195 | Engine Protection System Activation (Auxiliary Equipment Sensor Input 3) - Special Instructions |
| 2265 | Electric Fuel Pump Circuit - High Voltage or Short to High Voltage |
| 2266 | Electrical Fuel Priming Pump Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short Circuit to Low Voltage |
| 2292 | Fuel System Actuator Valve - Accurate but above normal - Moderate Severity |
| 2293 | Fuel System Actuator Valve Flow Required Below Expected - Accurate, But Below Normal - Moderate Severity |
| 2311 | Error in fuel system control valve circuit 1 - condition present |
| 2321 | Engine speed/position - Erratic or erroneous data |
| 2322 | Camshaft Speed/Position Sensor - Erratic or Erroneous Data |
| 2345 | Turbocharger 1 speed - rate of change is not normal |
| 2346 | Turbocharger Turbine Inlet Temperature (Estimated Value) - Accurate but Above Normal - Lowest Severity Level |
| 2347 | Turbocharger Compressor Outlet Temperature (Estimated Value) - Accurate but Above Normal - Lowest Severity Level |
| 2363 | Engine Brake Solenoid Valve 2 Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 2367 | Engine Brake Solenoid Valve 2 Circuit - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 2639 | Emissions Particulate Filter Pressure Drop - Accurate but Higher than Normal - Lowest Severity |
| 2646 | Coolant temperature - condition persists |
| 2659 | Coolant temperature - condition persists |
| 2963 | Coolant Temperature - Accurate but High - Lowest Severity |
| 2964 | Intake Manifold Temperature 1 - Accurate but Above Normal - Lowest Severity |
| 2973 | Intake manifold pressure 1 - Erratic or erroneous data |
Prices in Russia
KamAZ-6522 can be considered the most affordable truck in its class. However, many sellers allow themselves to raise prices, due to the consistently high demand for this model. At the same time, less popular competitors, on the contrary, are becoming cheaper. As of 2022, the price of a new copy of 6522 starts at 3.5 million rubles. As an alternative, you can choose a used car, but often in good condition. In this case, the price will be around 1 million rubles or more. The cost of renting a KamAZ-6522 is about 1000 rubles per hour. Among the competitors of the KamAZ-6522 are the Ford Kargo 3536D DC, as well as the KrAZ S20.2.
KamAZ-6522 is in high demand not only in Russia, but also in neighboring countries. This confirms the high reliability and low cost of operation of this car. It must be said that in terms of this indicator, KamAZ-6522 has no analogues in the world. The design, well studied since Soviet times, was originally designed to last several decades. This model is capable of doing the hardest work, and never fails.
Engine
KamAZ 6522 is equipped with various types of units:
- powerful inline 6-cylinder diesel engine E-4 Cummins ISLe 375. This power plant was developed specifically for heavy trucks. The motor is characterized by high performance, compactness, light weight and simplicity of design. It has a displacement of 8.9 liters and a rated power of 375 hp;
- engine KamAZ-740.51-320 of domestic production. The diesel unit with turbocharging and intercooling of charge air complies with Euro-2 requirements. It has 8 cylinders in a V-shaped arrangement. The working volume of the power plant is 11.76 l, rated power is 235 (320) kW (hp). In many characteristics, the KamAZ-740.51-320 engine is superior to the E-4 Cummins ISLe 375 engine, losing to it only in reliability and power.
Fuel consumption of KamAZ 65115 per 100 km © Vehicle design
| Kamaz 6520 technical characteristics fuel consumption It is built on a three-axle chassis with a 6x6 wheel arrangement, which allows it to easily cope with difficult road conditions even when fully loaded. An example of KamAZ model 55102, whose carrying capacity is 7 tons, when moving at a speed of 80 km/h consumes 31.5 liters, while another modification of KamAZ 55111, taking into account its load capacity of 30 tons, at a maximum speed of 80 km/h can consume 100 km 8 liters more. |
- Onboard - models 4310 (6x6), 43118 (6x6), 43253 (4x2), 65117 (6x4).
- Truck tractors - models 44108 (6x6), 5460 (4x2), 6520 (6x4).
- Dump trucks - models 43255 (4x2), 4541 (6x6), 45142 (6x4), 53605 (4x2).
History of the creation of the KamAZ-65222 model. Device and reviews
In order to minimize the risk of a loaded vehicle tipping over when driving off-road, it is equipped with an elongated body with slightly lowered sides. Now, not only traditional KamAZ trucks, which became widespread in the USSR, are produced here, but also other equipment - buses, tractors, mini-power plants, as well as components for them.
| Car brands | Summer norm l/100km | Winter norm l/100km |
| 65116 (tractor tractor) | 24 | 26 |
| 6460 (tractor tractor) | 25 | 28 |
| 45143 (dump truck) | 26 | 29 |
| 65115 (dump truck) | 27 | 30 |
| 65111 (tractor) | 29,8 | 30,1 |
| 53228 (onboard) | 28 | 31 |
| 6520 (tractor) | 29,2 | 32,1 |
| 44108 (tractor) | 30 | 34 |
| 45141A (tractor) | 33,5 | 36,9 |
| 43114 (onboard type) | 31 | 34 |
| 43118 (onboard) | 33 | 36 |
| 65201 (tractor) | 37,1 | 40,8 |
| 6450 (tractor tractor) | 40 | 44 |
Basic fuel consumption rates
The new KAMAZ engine demonstrates extreme efficiency, thanks to which the vehicle has low fuel consumption and a reduced level of harmful emissions into the atmosphere.
Statistics or table: which is more accurate?
Unfortunately, there is no exact answer to the question asked. The amount of fuel spent depends not only on the make of the car, but also on the speed and terrain of the trip. If you only need to check a purchased car, use the factory tables as a guide. And if the car’s mileage is no longer five or ten thousand, then you can take into account the statistics of other drivers.
