Description and technical characteristics of MTZ walk-behind tractors and attachments

Description

Minsk Plant has been producing reliable and durable agricultural machinery for more than 80 years. However, the first example of a mobile single-axis soil-cultivating tool saw the light only in 1978, when the word “walk-behind tractor” was not yet used in everyday life. The prerequisite for the development of manual gasoline equipment was the need of small agricultural farms, as well as municipal enterprises, for mobile traction units. The first Belarus walk-behind tractor (Belarus MTZ) was designed to replace manual labor and draft horsepower for work on personal village farmsteads.

Type range

MTZ produces several models for working in difficult conditions. However, all of them are based on the experience of production and operation of the very first design, accepted for production in 1978 - MTZ-05. The line of heavy equipment is represented by a model range of four walk-behind tractors. However, only three of them are currently produced by the plant, although the previous ones can be found on the secondary market.

MTZ-05

The first Belarusian motor-cultivator, which became the progenitor of subsequent models. It is based on experience in the production of tractors and other agricultural equipment. Its production ceased in 1992. However, the technologies and materials used have made it possible to use the units today. The MTZ-05 walk-behind tractor is designed to work on light soils, and the adjustable track allows you to quickly adapt the equipment to the required row spacing. The technical characteristics of the unit are given in the table.

Table. Operating parameters of MTZ-05

MTZ-06

A unit whose design is based on a previous version. However, the manufacturer took into account and corrected all the shortcomings of its predecessor. In addition, the new model was equipped with an SK-6 gasoline engine from the Petropavlovsk Small Engine Plant. With the same fuel consumption, it produces slightly more power - 5.5 liters. With. Reducing the size of the walk-behind tractor allowed us to save space in the box for storing both the traction device itself and attachments.

MTZ-09

Multifunctional representative of the MTZ-Belorus brand (Belarus). Its production began after the production of earlier models was completed (in 1992). The main innovation is the modernization of the engine part and transmission. Now the walk-behind tractor has a 6.6 liter engine. With. Due to this, the weight of the structure increased to 176 kg and transport speed to 11.4 km/h. In addition, an increase in the PTO rotation speed (1200 rpm) made it possible to use stationary adapters - feed cutters, pump nozzles and other mechanisms.

For your information!

Walk-behind tractors with the Japanese Honda GX270 engine are in demand among farmers. Such internal combustion engines are less noisy, more environmentally friendly and durable.

MTZ-12

The most powerful representative of the line of heavy single-axle walk-behind tractors. Designed to work on areas larger than 5 hectares, as well as to perform agrotechnical and municipal tasks. The MTZ-12 is equipped with the flagship gasoline engine from the SK-12 series, with a power of 11 hp. With. The device easily cultivates virgin lands, heavy and wet soils. In addition, the large mass of the walk-behind tractor eliminates the need to use weights and lugs. The walk-behind tractor uses only standard wheels during operation.

Construction of MTZ walk-behind tractors

Motoblocks from the Belarusian brand "MTZ" have a classic design, which consists of:

1. motor;
2. power unit: clutch; differential; PTO; Transmission;
3. gas tank;
4. steering rod with combined controls: fuel supply; differential; speed limit; power take-off shaft;
5. tire;
6. sinker;
7. retractable support.

Range of engines and transmission

Models of walk-behind tractors were equipped with their own power plants. The main internal combustion engines installed on manual MTZ equipment:

1. UD-15 (25). A line of multi-purpose small-displacement, four-stroke carburetor engines produced by the Ulyanovsk Motor Plant. The design was based on the internal combustion engine from the Zaporozhets ZAZ-965 compact car. The engine featured an overhead valve fuel injection and exhaust gas exhaust system. Cooling is air.
2. SK-6 (12). One- or two-cylinder engines produced in Kazakhstan in the city of Petropavlovsk. The motors have overhead valves and air cooling. The MTZ-06 walk-behind tractors have a modification with an engine from the Chinese manufacturer WEIMA 177F. The latter is equipped with a more convenient gas distribution mechanism design and a simple start system.
3. Honda GX270. Representative of the Japanese market of gasoline and diesel vehicles, which is installed on the popular device - MTZ-09. This engine has an OHV design with two valves, a complex air intake system and a multi-chamber exhaust system. This reduces exhaust emissions and reduces operator exposure to noise/vibration.
4. In addition to the Japanese unit, the MTZ-09 model was equipped with Lifan LF177 and Kipor KG280 engines (both China) with similar characteristics, and a Belarusian DK-7 engine, which had a lower price and was not widely used - Motor Jikov GH 1509 (Czech Republic).

Torque is transmitted to the transmission through a permanently closed disc clutch located in an oil bath. The walk-behind tractor has a gearbox with 4 forward and 2 reverse gears. This variability contributes to the selection of optimal operating modes of the device. The final drive is equipped with a differential to make turns easier.

Optional equipment

Attachable tools that are attached to the front or rear hitch significantly expand the capabilities of the traction device. Attachments allow you to cultivate the land, sow/plant or harvest, and maintain the surrounding area. They all differ in the shape of the working body, the nature of its movement and the principle of putting it into action.

For your information!

A properly configured walk-behind tractor will cultivate the land no worse than a diesel-powered tractor. However, at the same time it will not compact the soil behind it.

A common group of additional equipment is tools for tillage. This class includes:

1. Plow. In some models of walk-behind tractors it is included as standard. A plow is needed for plowing virgin soil and deep soil cultivation. Experienced users of this mechanism cut grooves for planting potatoes or other crops.
2. Hiller. Its design resembles a plow, but it is made in the form of two symmetrically located mechanisms. Equipment is needed for hilling crops in beds.
3. Rotary plow. A more complex modification of the standard tool. Tillage is carried out by a horizontal rotating disc. The latter has 2-4 curved shares attached. The disk receives rotation from the engine from the PTO. The rotary plow has greater stability and high productivity.
4. Rotary cutter. To attach a heavy series walk-behind tractor, a tool with a separate drive from the PTO is used. Such cutters loosen the soil well, crush plants and their roots, creating a homogeneous nutrient mass.
5. Harrow. This tool is used to cultivate the soil before sowing. The harrow levels the beds and breaks up large clods of soil.
6. Potato digger/planter. Complex mechanisms for planting potatoes or harvesting tubers. Enterprises producing equipment for farms offer various modifications, but they have the same operating principle. The working body undermines the ground, removing the tubers to a mechanism for cleaning them from soil and moving the potatoes into a storage hopper.

In addition to standard attachments, farmers use mechanisms to facilitate gardening work or cleaning the local area. Auxiliary tool:

1. Mowers. The equipment is used for making hay for animal feed or mowing lawns. There are two types of mowers: rotary and segmental. The former have high productivity, while the latter are more maneuverable; they are needed for working between trees and bushes.
2. Tedders. Mechanisms with large wire discs are designed to turn the hay, speeding up its drying.
3. Seeders. Combined units that simultaneously prepare the bed, plant the seeds and then level the soil.
4. Lawn dominators. Vertical cutters simultaneously perform three operations: loosen the soil with knives, sow seeds, level and compact the surface of the future lawn.
5. Cargo trailers. Designed for moving heavy objects. Factory models are equipped with indicator lights, brakes and a comfortable seat for the driver.
6. Brushes for sweeping or clearing snow. Rotating brushes can clear the area of ​​debris.
7. Auger-rotary snow blower. Designed for clearing deep snowdrifts. The removed material is captured by screw augers and falls on blades rotating at high speed, which throw it beyond the range of action of the unit.

For your information!

The tractor plant offers a wide range of attachments for the MTZ walk-behind tractor. The official website of the enterprise presents mechanisms that will facilitate plowing, cultivation, grass mowing, moving cargo and harvesting.

Nuances of use

So that servicing the walk-behind tractor does not bring only trouble to the farmer, the selection of its parameters is carried out before purchase. If motorized equipment is needed only for working in garden beds (plowing, cultivating, hilling), it is worth using lightweight, low-power models. When working with such MB, the operator will be less tired, and the costs of fuel, lubricants and consumables will be minimal.

If a farmer plans to use equipment in cleaning the area, clearing snow or preparing food for animals, it is better to use more powerful models for this. They are capable of cutting grass from a large area in a short period of time. In addition, for winter use for snow removal, walk-behind tractors of the Belarus-09N (08N) series are used - their engine is capable of operating at ambient temperatures down to -20 °C.

Comparison of MTZ and Motor Sich

It is difficult to answer which walk-behind tractor is better, but if you rely on the cost and the number of positive reviews about the operation of both units, the similarities are clearly visible. Even the appearance is similar in the photo.

• The ability to set the track size in Motor Sich is larger, as many as 4 sizes.
• The ground clearance of Motor Sich is less, 24 and 30 for MTZ, respectively.
• Motoblocks of the Smorgon plant are equipped with imported motors capable of reaching speeds of up to 12 km/h, while Motor Sich installs motors of its own production, which can accelerate to 16 km/h.
• Zaporozhye walk-behind tractors are more durable because they are capable of lifting heavier loads than Smorgon ones.
• Due to the ability to work with heavy attachments, Ukrainian manufacturers had to increase the weight of the walk-behind tractor to 220 kg, which cannot affect the complexity of its operation without an adapter.

Motoblock MTZ-09N

Motoblock Motor Sich MB-9E

Service

Timely maintenance and inspections are the main canons, compliance with which will allow you to use gasoline-powered equipment for as long as possible without repairs or replacement of components. The manufacturer indicates detailed instructions in the accompanying documentation, and in general, before work, check:

1. The amount of oil in the engine crankcase, gearbox, clutch housing.
2. No loose threaded connections.
3. Availability of protective devices and mechanisms.
4. Condition of tires and air pressure in them.

In addition to inspections, the condition of the air filter is inspected, the carburetor is adjusted and the spark plugs are cleaned. The internal combustion engine is very demanding on the quality of the fuel mixture entering the cylinders. The presence of solid particles in it leads to intense wear of the working surfaces. To avoid this negative phenomenon, air filters are used that reliably trap foreign substances. As dirt accumulates in the filter material, it is washed in gasoline or the element is replaced with a new one.

The metering system for supplying fuel to the cylinders (carburetor) is configured at the factory. There they set the correct level of gasoline in the working chambers, and also set the required idle speed. However, due to low-quality fuel or third-party influence, repeated adjustment may be necessary. If the engine stops developing the required power or begins to stall at idle, re-adjust the system or replace the fuel filter.

For your information!

Adjusting the carburetor according to instructions from third-party manufacturers may damage the engine power system.

During operation, the amount of lubricants in the engine crankcase and transmission is constantly monitored. The brand and period for changing the oil poured into the engine depend on the engine manufacturer. The gearbox uses transmission lubricants such as SAE 80W-90 and the like. The oil in the gearbox is changed at least after 100 operating hours under load. This is due to high loads in the main gear and deterioration of the lubricant properties. Simultaneously with changing the oil in the transmission, it is changed in the clutch.

Preparing the MTZ walk-behind tractor for plowing

Plowing is the culminating moment for which any walk-behind tractor is purchased. But to implement it, it is necessary to properly prepare, adjust the walk-behind tractor, and only then check it in operation.

The preparatory work package is presented in the video below and includes:

1. Assembling the walk-behind tractor according to the user manual;
2. Tightening of all threaded connections;
3. Filling reservoirs for engine and transmission lubrication and gas tanks;
4. Preliminary start of the motor:

• open the fuel tank tap and pump fuel into the carburetor;
• cover the air damper. We do the opposite with the throttle valve, which should be open one third;
• place the starting cord in the groove of the pulley;
• after cranking the crankshaft until compression begins, sharply pull the cable and start the engine;
• upon successful switching on, let it warm up at low speeds for several minutes and proceed to work;

1. Run-in is a mandatory stage for all new MTZ walk-behind tractors:

• duration – 50 hours;
• requirements – light transport work under half load;

1. Aggregation by weights:

MTZ walk-behind tractors are compatible with a variety of attachments, which can be divided into 3 groups:

1. 1st or 2nd gear only:

• PU mounted plow;
• Soil cutter FR;
• Cultivator KTD-1.3;
• Okuchnik OU;
• Mower KRM-1;

1. only 2 or 3 speed:

• Harrow BT-1.6;

1. high speeds (3-4) with increased tire pressure up to 0.12 MPa:

• PM trailer.

1. Attaching the plow for plowing:

• set the track to 60 cm;
• put the plow coupling device into operating mode and tighten it with a bolt;
• put a 16 cm block under the left wheel;
• loosen the bolts of the plow so that its stand takes a vertical position;
• take the handle to set the plowing depth and turn it counterclockwise so that the toe of the plow becomes 1.5 cm higher;
• turn on the differential lock and start cultivating in 1st gear;
• adjust the plowing depth regulator to 18 cm;
• gradually switch to 2nd gear;
• in case of wheel slipping, reduce the working width of the plow.

Basic malfunctions and their elimination

Some users have encountered failures of complex gasoline equipment related to the operation of the engine or transmission. The most common problems arising in the operation of the motor:

1. Reduced engine power. As a rule, this occurs due to clogging of the fuel system, soot deposits on the walls of the combustion chamber, degradation of the engine and spark plugs. In the first case, the filters are cleaned and the carburetor is adjusted. Excessive wear of the piston group is eliminated by replacing parts or installing a new engine. Carbon deposits on spark plugs and combustion chamber walls are removed by mechanical or chemical cleaning.
2. Difficulty starting the engine. This may be due to a malfunction of the power supply or ignition systems. Check the flow of fuel into the carburetor, the presence and quality of the spark in the spark plug. Identified defects are eliminated independently or with the involvement of service center employees.
3. Unstable engine operation. As a rule, “floating” speed or power failures occur due to weak contact in the high-voltage ignition circuit. In this case, you should check all switching points and strengthen problem areas.

Other main malfunctions include a malfunction of the transmission. This is caused by wear of the clutch discs and weakening of the springs. To restore functionality, they are completely replaced. In addition, this can be caused by a broken cable, deformed friction discs, or dirty oil. An increase in noise characteristics of the gearbox indicates a low oil level or loose parts. Knocking and grinding noises occur due to worn gears, and it is recommended to immediately replace the damaged part (together with the adjacent one) in order to avoid complete failure of the entire unit.

For your information!

Before repairing, you need to carefully study the diagram and operating principle of the failed unit. Hasty actions can lead to final breakdown of the unit.

Reviews

Gregory, 42 years old:

“4 years ago I bought myself an old MTZ-05 with a faulty engine. After installing a non-standard 7 hp diesel engine. With. The reliable design of the Belarusian manufacturer has become my support in the garden. The “native” chassis, in which spare parts have not yet been changed, will give a head start to many similar mechanisms.”

Vitaly, 36 years old:

“I saw a MTZ-09N walk-behind tractor with a 9-liter Honda engine from a friend. With., with which he prepared hay in the summer to feed his animals, and in the winter he easily removed snow from a large area, I was “on fire” to buy the same one. I’ve only been using it for six months so far and only for working in the garden. During this time, there were no failures, the device started up properly, the engine kept its speed well, and the traction force was higher than my expectations.”

Walk-behind tractors of the Minsk Tractor Plant will become real assistants in work on small farms. High strength and wide functionality of the mechanisms will allow you to perform the entire range of tasks facing the farmer.

Motoblock "MTZ" 12

The most powerful walk-behind tractor from the MTZ-Belarus brand. Adapted for huge areas (over 5 hectares), all kinds of agrotechnical and municipal tasks. Equipped with a standard SK-12 carburetor engine, the potential of which is 11 hp. It easily plows virgin soil, heavy and moisture-intensive substrates, on which, due to its impressive weight, it can do without lugs and weights. Maneuverable when cornering and when transporting on country roads, which is ensured by differential locking through a special lever.

Peculiarities:

• suitability for all types of soil;
• possibility of conversion into a mini tractor using an additional attachment;
• vibration-absorbing support built into the steering rod;
• standardized spare parts;
• work with high-octane fuel AI-92;
• unpretentious maintenance, which can be done with your own hands using clear operating instructions.

Working properties:

• Thrust – 8.1 kW;
• Ground clearance – 30 cm;
• Max. plowing depth – 0.3 m;
• Dimensions – 188 x 85 x 101 cm;
• Weight – 148 kg.