KamAZ-65116 is a Russian-made truck tractor that dates back to the 1980s. Among the main features of this model are high reliability and time-tested design. The car has proven itself on the positive side in Russia and the CIS countries. The model is also supplied to foreign countries. Despite the outdated design, customer demand for KamAZ-65116 is growing at a very fast pace. Moreover, new markets are emerging. And as a result, the KamAZ brand is becoming increasingly recognizable around the world. And yet, modification 65116 deserves special attention, since in terms of price and characteristics it has no analogues in the world.
Cabin and salon
Please note that the KamAZ-65116 cabin does not have such angular shapes as other versions. Due to this, the truck in some ways even resembles a rally modification intended for the Paris Dakar. In general, the cabin has smoothed corners, which, in theory, should have a positive effect on aerodynamics and, at the same time, the acceleration capabilities of the engine. Moreover, the cabin has a wide, streamlined bumper. Its high location increases the geometric cross-country ability of the truck. And together with the large wheels, the KamAZ-65116 even becomes an example to follow when off-road. The massive bumper has built-in light optics that look simple and ergonomic.
The interior of the model is designed in a classic style, and even refers to the KamAZ trucks of the 1980s. But despite the ascetic retro design, the interior design does not evoke negative emotions, which is very important when driving for a long time. The ergonomics of the cabin are excellent - controls and switches are at hand, and we also note the convenient gear shift lever. The updated car received improved sound insulation. On the left and right sides of the front panel there are ventilation deflectors with the function of adjusting the direction of air flow. It is worth noting that KamAZ-65116 is equipped with a panoramic one-piece windshield, for which three wipers are provided. The side doors of the cab are always clean, and dirt never gets on, say, the door handles. This feature is achieved due to more convex fender covers. Other small features include a two-stage step, which allows you to easily and quickly get into the high cabin. There are enough changes in the interior to evaluate the KamAZ-65116 as a car with a full restyling. At first glance, the changes are minimal. But if you look closely, you can notice the higher ceiling, and the right part of the dashboard is slightly turned towards the driver. Moreover, the developers made the shape of the steering wheel more ergonomic, and it became more pleasant to hold in your hands. By the way, the steering column can be adjusted for reach.
The seat with improved lateral support is mounted on an air suspension, and due to this it is possible to adjust the height of the cushion. And finally, a sleeping place that can accommodate one person of any size deserves special attention.
Exterior, interior, cost of KamAZ-65116
The appearance of the car is pleasantly surprising; you can feel that the designers and constructors have worked hard on the exterior. Gone are the angular cabin lines characteristic of earlier models, and a new radiator grille, impact-resistant plastic bumper, one-piece windshield and mirrors with different viewing angles have appeared. The fenders have acquired a rounded appearance and now the car is protected from dirt from the front wheels, and its aerodynamic qualities have also improved.
Two comfortable steps with anti-slip coating lead to the interior of the tractor. There are Grammer seats installed here with adjustments in all planes. There is a comfortable sleeping bag behind the seat backs. The manufacturer took care of installing a modern three-section instrument panel with anti-glare coating and a convenient location of information panels. The steering column has a hydraulic booster and a height adjustment mechanism. Optionally, KamAZ-65116 can be equipped with air conditioning, electric windows, radio and heated seats.
For the new KamAZ-65116 in the basic configuration, the manufacturer costs about 4 million rubles; a dump truck of this model will cost 150-200 thousand more. On the secondary market, trucks produced in 2010-2012 are sold at prices ranging from one and a half to two and a half million rubles.
Modifications
- 019 - is the initial version with the 740.30-260 engine from the KamAZ company. This diesel engine complies with Euro-2 standards and higher. Since this unit is 20 hp weaker. pp., a truck with such an engine is capable of carrying no more than 37 tons of cargo.
- 32 – this modification is equipped with a gas-powered engine. A car with this type of internal combustion engine is considered a very profitable vehicle, especially when it comes to transportation over long distances. The gas engine allows you to reduce fuel consumption by 2.5 times compared to a diesel engine. At the same time, the exhaust becomes cleaner - its toxicity is reduced by five times. The characteristics of the gas engine are impressive. Thus, the engine is an 8-cylinder V-shaped KamAZ 820.62-300, equipped with turbocharging technology. Power is 300 horsepower with a displacement of 11.76 liters. Engine efficiency is improved by introducing port injection and spark ignition into the design. It is worth noting the fact that the gas engine only works with an imported nine-speed ZF manual transmission, which is controlled remotely and equipped with an intarder (remember, this is a mountain brake connected to the secondary shaft of the box). The gas power plant is powered by 13 gas cylinders with a capacity of 80 liters. Four cylinders are installed in a standard location, and the remaining 13 are placed in a container behind the cabin.
- 62 is the most flagship model of the entire KamAZ-65116 family. In this case we are talking about a car with a domestic engine 740.51-280. As can be seen in the index, the engine power reaches 280 horsepower. There is support for Euro 5. The engine works with a manual 9-speed gearbox manufactured by ZF.
- Interestingly, the appearance of this modification is noticeably different from the standard car. For example, the most powerful car with a Russian engine is equipped with a spoiler on the roof of the cab. This aerodynamic solution reduces fuel consumption by 15 percent.
- N3 – version of KamAZ-65116 N3 boasts characteristics that can be considered close to the standard. In this version, the truck is equipped with a Cummins 6ISB 300 diesel engine. Its unique design lies in its modest 6.7-liter volume, while the engine itself is quite compact - it has only six cylinders and develops 360 horsepower, and the torque reaches an impressive 1300 N/ m. It is noteworthy that the same engine is also used in the KamAZ Punisher configuration.
- A4 - this version with the full name KamAZ 65116 23 A4 is comparable to the reference T3. It has the same diesel engine, but it is improved by the AdBlue system, which is responsible for neutralizing exhaust, and thereby ensures compliance with Euro 5 standards and higher. But since this engine is greatly “squeezed” by economic standards, its power reaches only 286 horsepower. The torque is 1200 N/m. The engine is equipped with a pump and pipelines through which injectors and catalysts communicate to supply working fluids. This modification is also equipped with a ZF gearbox with nine gears. Please note that this is the most expensive equipment in the KamAZ-65116 family.
- Among other modifications of the KamAZ-65116, we can highlight the universal model 53215, which is widely used in the mining industry, as well as in the construction industry. There is also a sports modification for racing, as well as a military model, the Typhoon.
Diagnostics of the main malfunctions of KamAZ-65116
KamAZ-65116 truck tractors, driven by a Cummins ISB6.7e4 300 engine, are equipped with an electronic control unit (ECU), which offers the possibility of computer diagnostics of the vehicle. In the event of a malfunction, the “CHECK” button on the dashboard lights up and does not go out for more than 3 seconds. In this case, you need to press the ECU button and read the error code by the blinking light. A table to help decipher error codes is given here:
| Error code | Description |
| 111 | Critical Internal ECM Failure - Logic Device Failure |
| 115 | Loss of signals from the main and backup crankshaft speed/position sensors - chaotic or incorrect data |
| 122 | Intake Manifold Pressure Sensor 1 Circuit - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 123 | Intake Manifold Pressure Sensor 1 Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 124 | Intake Manifold Pressure Sensor 1 Circuit - Accurate but High - Moderate Severity |
| 131 | Pedal or accelerator position sensor circuit 1 - Voltage above normal or short circuit to high voltage |
| 132 | Pedal or Accelerator Position Sensor Circuit 1 - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 133 | Remote Control Pedal or Accelerator Position Sensor Circuit 1 - Voltage Higher than Normal or Short to High Voltage |
| 134 | Remote Control Pedal/Accelerator Position Sensor 1 Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 135 | Lubrication system main pressure sensor circuit 1 - voltage above normal or short circuit to high voltage |
| 141 | Oil Main Pressure Sensor Circuit 1 - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 143 | Main line pressure sensor - engine lubrication system - accurate, but below normal - medium severity |
| 144 | Coolant Temperature Sensor Circuit 1 - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 145 | Coolant Temperature Sensor 1 Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 146 | Coolant Temperature - Accurate but Above Normal - Moderate Severity |
| 151 | Coolant Temperature - Accurate but High - Highest Severity |
| 153 | Intake Manifold Temperature Sensor 1 Circuit - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 154 | Intake Manifold Temperature Sensor 1 Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 241 | Speed of a wheeled vehicle - chaotic or incorrect data |
| 242 | Interference with the wheeled vehicle speed sensor has been detected - the rate of change is not normal |
| 245 | Fan Control Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Shorted to Low Voltage |
| 249 | Ambient Temperature Sensor 1 Circuit - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 252 | Engine oil level - chaotic or incorrect data |
| 253 | Engine oil level - accurate, but below normal - highest level of severity |
| 256 | Ambient Temperature Sensor 1 Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 271 | Fuel Pump Delivery Module 1 Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 272 | Fuel Pump Delivery Module 1 Circuit - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 281 | Fuel Pump Delivery Module 1 - Mechanical system response is abnormal or out of adjustment |
| 285 | Parameter group number (PGN) timeout exceeded during SAE J1939 multiplex network operation - data update rate is not normal |
| 286 | SAE J1939 Multiplex Network Configuration Error - Calibration Out of Order |
| 287 | SAE J1939 multiplexed pedal or lever position sensor - erroneous data received over network |
| 288 | SAE J1939 Multiplexed Remote Control Pedal or Lever Position Sensor - Incorrect Data Received Over Network |
| 292 | Auxiliary Temperature Sensor Input 1 - Special Instructions |
| 293 | Auxiliary Temperature Sensor 1 Input Circuit - High Voltage or Short to High Voltage |
| 294 | Auxiliary Temperature Sensor 1 Input Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 295 | Atmospheric pressure - chaotic nature or erroneous data |
| 296 | Auxiliary Pressure Sensor 1 Input - Special Instructions |
| 297 | Auxiliary Pressure Sensor 1 Input Circuit - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 298 | Auxiliary Pressure Sensor 1 Input Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 322 | Cylinder 1 Injector Solenoid Valve Relay Circuit - Current Below Normal or Open Circuit |
| 323 | Cylinder 5 Injector Solenoid Valve Relay Circuit - Current Below Normal or Open Circuit |
| 324 | Cylinder 3 Injector Solenoid Valve Relay Circuit - Current Below Normal or Open Circuit |
| 325 | Cylinder 6 Injector Solenoid Valve Relay Circuit - Current Below Normal or Open Circuit |
| 331 | Cylinder 2 Injector Solenoid Valve Relay Circuit - Current Below Normal or Open Circuit |
| 332 | Cylinder 4 Injector Solenoid Valve Relay Circuit - Low Current or Open Circuit |
| 334 | Coolant temperature - erratic or incorrect data |
| 343 | ECM Internal Failure Warning - Logic Unit Failure |
| 351 | Injector power circuit - logic device malfunction |
| 352 | Sensor Power Circuit 1 - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 386 | Sensor power circuit 1 - voltage above normal or short circuit to high voltage |
| 415 | Engine main oil line pressure - accurate, but below normal - highest level of severity |
| 442 | Battery Voltage 1 - Accurate but Above Normal - Moderate Severity |
| 449 | High Pressure Common Fuel Line 1 Pressure Sensor Circuit - Accurate but Above Normal - Highest Severity (ISB Engine) |
| 449 | High Pressure Common Fuel Line 1 Pressure Sensor Circuit - Accurate but Above Normal - Highest Severity (ISC or ISL Engines) |
| 451 | Common Fuel Pressure Sensor Circuit 1 - High Voltage or Short to High Voltage |
| 452 | High Pressure Common Fuel Pressure Sensor Circuit 1 - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 471 | Engine oil level - accurate, but below normal - lowest level of severity |
| 488 | Intake Manifold Temperature 1 - Accurate but High - Moderate Severity |
| 499 | Oil level sensor circuit - voltage below normal or short circuit to low voltage |
| 528 | Auxiliary Torque Curve Select Switch - Erratic or Incorrect Data |
| 529 | Auxiliary Input/Output 3 - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 553 | High Pressure Common Fuel Line 1 Pressure Sensor Circuit - Accurate but Exceeded - Highest Severity |
| 554 | Pressure sensor circuit in common high pressure fuel line 1 - chaotic or erroneous data |
| 555 | Crankcase gas pressure - data is accurate, but above normal - average level of severity |
| 556 | Crankcase gas pressure - data is accurate, but above normal - the highest level of severity |
| 559 | Common Fuel Pressure Sensor Circuit 1 - Accurate but Below Normal - Moderate Severity |
| 559 (ISC and ISL engines) | Common Fuel Pressure Sensor Circuit 1 - Accurate but Below Normal - Moderate Severity |
| 1876 | Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Circuit 3 - High Voltage or Short to High Voltage |
| 1877 | Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Circuit 3 - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 1878 | Temperature in the exhaust gas treatment system 3 - erratic or incorrect data |
| 1879 | Aftertreatment Particulate Filter Differential Pressure Sensor Circuit - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 1881 | Aftertreatment Particulate Filter Differential Pressure Sensor Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 1883 | Differential pressure sensor on the particulate filter of the exhaust gas treatment system - chaotic or incorrect data |
| 1896 | Exhaust Gas Recirculation Valve Controller - Incorrect Calibration |
| 1899 | Exhaust Gas Recirculation Valve Differential Pressure Sensor - Accurate but Above Normal - Moderate Severity |
| 1911 | High Pressure Common Fuel Line 1 Pressure Sensor Circuit - Accurate but Exceeded - Highest Severity |
| 1921 | Emissions Particulate Filter Pressure Drop - Accurate but Above Normal - Moderate Severity |
| 1922 | Emissions Particulate Filter Pressure Drop - Accurate but Higher than Normal - Highest Severity Level |
| 2195 | Engine Protection System Activation (Auxiliary Equipment Sensor Input 3) - Special Instructions |
| 2265 | Electric Fuel Pump Circuit - High Voltage or Short to High Voltage |
| 2266 | Electrical Fuel Priming Pump Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short Circuit to Low Voltage |
| 2292 | Fuel System Actuator Valve - Accurate but above normal - Moderate Severity |
| 2293 | Fuel System Actuator Valve Flow Required Below Expected - Accurate, But Below Normal - Moderate Severity |
| 2311 | Error in fuel system control valve circuit 1 - condition present |
| 2321 | Engine speed/position - Erratic or erroneous data |
| 2322 | Camshaft Speed/Position Sensor - Erratic or Erroneous Data |
| 2345 | Turbocharger 1 speed - rate of change is not normal |
| 2346 | Turbocharger Turbine Inlet Temperature (Estimated Value) - Accurate but Above Normal - Lowest Severity Level |
| 2347 | Turbocharger Compressor Outlet Temperature (Estimated Value) - Accurate but Above Normal - Lowest Severity Level |
| 2363 | Engine Brake Solenoid Valve 2 Circuit - Voltage Below Normal or Short to Low Voltage |
| 2367 | Engine Brake Solenoid Valve 2 Circuit - Voltage High or Short to High Voltage |
| 2639 | Emissions Particulate Filter Pressure Drop - Accurate but Higher than Normal - Lowest Severity |
| 2646 | Coolant temperature - condition persists |
| 2659 | Coolant temperature - condition persists |
| 2963 | Coolant Temperature - Accurate but High - Lowest Severity |
| 2964 | Intake Manifold Temperature 1 - Accurate but Above Normal - Lowest Severity |
| 2973 | Intake manifold pressure 1 - Erratic or erroneous data |
Design, engine and technical characteristics
The truck tractor is based on a two-spar frame with cross members. Special internal and external elements are responsible for strengthening this structure. The truck is equipped with a cast-type fifth wheel coupling with two degrees of freedom.
The front suspension of KamAZ-65116 is of a combined type and includes hydraulic cylinder struts with buffers. This solution allows you to eliminate breakdowns when negotiating difficult road sections. Also, for better comfort and reliability, a solid front beam with steering knuckles has been added to the suspension design. As a result, the developers managed to achieve a turning radius of 10.5 meters, which is almost comparable to a regular passenger car.
The rear suspension is reinforced with reaction rods, and is presented in the form of two drive axles with a balancing bogie.
Basic motor range
In the basic configuration, the KamAZ-65116 truck tractor is equipped with a diesel engine 740.051-260 of KamAZ’s own production. The eight-cylinder unit with a volume of 11 liters is capable of developing 260 horsepower. Let us pay attention to compliance with environmental safety standards no lower than Euro-2. The latest versions are equipped with engines that support Euro 5. The engine works with a ten-speed manual gearbox with a shortened gearbox. This solution allows you to maximize the power of the engine, thereby preventing it from dropping to low speeds. Thus, maintaining the required speed and traction with such a box is not difficult. The transmission is equipped with a dry single-plate clutch. There is support for remote control of manual transmission. The gearbox design also includes a hydraulic drive, reinforced by a pneumatic cylinder.
Brakes
The braking system and suspension of the KamAZ-65116 uses a pneumatic system, built according to the classical scheme for most road trains. Thanks to pneumatics, drum brakes have twice the efficiency, resulting in a braking distance of only 35.5 meters from a speed of 80 km/h. More expensive versions of KamAZ-65115 have an imported manual transmission from ZF. This machine uses a so-called intarder - a highly effective mountain brake that replaces the outdated traditional damper in the exhaust manifold.
Dimensions, load capacity and other parameters
The road train of the same name is designed for a maximum weight of 37.8 tons, the load on the saddle reaches 15 tons. The tractor in running order is capable of carrying about 7.7 tons of cargo, while the total weight on the rear bogie should not exceed 17.5 tons. It is worth praising the car for its high climbing angle of 18 degrees. The turning radius is 10.7 meters. As for the dimensions of the KamAZ-65115, judging by them, the truck does not look too large. Thus, the length of the tractor is 6175 mm, and the width and height are 2500 and 3100 mm, respectively. The wheelbase volume reaches 4160 mm. KamAZ-65115 has several modifications, but in terms of dimensions they are all almost identical. The differences lie only in the type of power plant and gearbox.
Fuel consumption
Of course, the gas fuel version is considered the most economical version of the KamAZ-65116. The diesel version lags far behind in this parameter, and therefore is in demand mainly in construction conditions, in which there is no need to use the car for long-distance transport. The gas option is best suited for this. In general, as practice shows, the average fuel consumption of the KamAZ-65116 is 30 liters per 100 km. Gas fuel is cheaper due to the lower cost per liter.
Purpose
Transportation of goods on general roads during interregional and international transportation is the main purpose of the KAMAZ 65116 truck tractor. It can be used as part of a road train with tilt, container, dump trailers, flatbed bodies and tank trucks. In this case, the weight of the trailer should not exceed the recommended value of 30 tons. The modern cabin of the car is equipped with a sleeping place for relaxing on long trips. KAMAZ 65116 vehicles equipped with the AdBlue exhaust gas neutralization system can also be operated in countries and regions where legislation requires compliance with Euro 4 environmental standards.
Advantages compared to competitors
The developers of KamAZ-65116 did their best. They provided in the car all the qualities that a full-fledged truck tractor should have. The result was an efficient and safe truck, which can still be considered quite modern in this class of trucks, taking into account the price and characteristics. A comfortable driver's seat, a minimal set of sophisticated electronic devices, a soft air suspension, ideal interior ergonomics, a spacious interior and a full-fledged berth, high load capacity and power, relatively low fuel consumption and acceptable aerodynamics are the key advantages of the KamAZ-65116 compared to competitors in this price category .
Device
Design nuances in alliance with a reliable turbodiesel internal combustion engine make it possible to ensure the highest possible degree of economic efficiency. This is achieved by minimizing money spent on maintenance of mechanical components and the budgetary procedure for repairing the engine part. With proper care and timely maintenance, the engine can operate without repair intervention for up to a million kilometers.
Frame
The basis of KamAZ-65116 is a reliable frame with high strength. Its design consists of two spars connected by cross members. Thanks to the use of additional reinforcements, which are internal and external linings, the manufacturer managed to increase the total load capacity to almost 38 tons.
Figure: KamAZ-65116 frame design
A cast SSU with 2 degrees of freedom is mounted on the frame, allowing the transportation of even tilt and container semi-trailers weighing no more than 30.5 tons.
Cabin
When creating the updated tractor, the developers paid utmost attention to ensuring the comfort of its use. The car's cabin has undergone major modernization. Unlike its predecessors, it is equipped with: a modernized panel with side spacers, an ergonomic instrument panel that guarantees comfortable access to all control elements and adjustable Grammer seats, which any driver can adjust taking into account his anatomical features.
The steering column is height adjustable, and so that the driver can easily perform various maneuvers, the design is supplemented with an integrated hydraulic cylinder. The tractor cabin has good sound insulation. After modernization, it became more comfortable and spacious. The increase in volume was achieved by raising the ceiling part. For added convenience, there is a sleeping area located behind the seats, and storage compartments are located above the windshield.
Dimensional mass parameters
- Length – 6520 mm;
- Height – 2850 mm;
- Width – 2500 mm;
- Curb weight – 7275 kg;
- Max. saddle load – 15500 kg;
- Max. semi-trailer weight – 30500 kg;
- Max. road train weight – 37850 kg;
- Max. rear axle load – 17800 kg;
- Max. front axle load – 5050 kg.
Figure Overall dimensions of KamAZ-65116-A4
What they write on the forums: reviews from drivers and owners
Ivan Samoilov, 39 years old, Tambov region:
I moved to KamAZ 65116 in 2022. Before that, he also worked at KamAZ. First impressions are very favorable, there are a lot of changes in the cabin, finally we installed normal seats, I was pleased with the new panel. True, they still saved on plastic - on bad roads it rattles and creaks. The engine is licensed - it’s a sin to complain; in comparison with our engines, it’s quite economical. It's a pity that the designers never solved the problem with the car's speed. Agree that in the 21st century, 80 km/h is clearly not enough for long-distance transport.
History of the model
KamAZ-65116 represents the latest generation of truck tractors with a 6x4 wheel arrangement, the development of which began back in the 80s of the twentieth century. The first model of this series was the KamAZ-5410, intended for use with trailers and semi-trailers with a total weight of up to 25 tons.
It was replaced by a more improved version with the index 54112, which differed from its predecessor in increased carrying capacity, an extended cabin, enlarged fuel tanks, spring design and the location of components at the rear of the cabin.
In the early 2000s, the Kama Automobile Plant updated its line of three-axle truck tractors by releasing the KamAZ-54115 model. It received a high cabin, new wheels and tires, a powerful 240-horsepower turbocharged diesel engine that meets the Euro-2 environmental standard, and a 10-speed manual transmission.
Production of this truck model continued until 2008. They have proven themselves to be hardy and unpretentious heavy trucks that work effectively over short and long distances.
Since 2009, the worthy successor to the 54115 model is the new KamAZ-65116. Despite the presence of the number “5” in the model index, it is a truck tractor. Thanks to the introduction of a number of innovative design developments, this truck has become even more reliable, convenient, economical and safe to operate. And in terms of its maneuverability and traction qualities, it is in no way inferior to its foreign analogues.
Features of the intarder type mountain brake
Typically, KamAZ vehicles use a simple exhaust brake - a flap in the exhaust manifold, which slightly “strangles” the diesel engine and forces it to reduce its speed. It is needed to ensure safe engine braking, but is also often used to accelerate the warm-up of the power unit.
Its obvious drawback is the design itself. Metal parts in the environment of hot aggressive exhaust gases corrode , deform and jam. In addition, if the diesel engine is not warmed up enough, a mountain brake of this design can drown it out, crushing it with exhaust gases.
The so-called retarder is free of these shortcomings - a brake that stops the engine due to the elasticity of the electromagnetic or liquid coupling
. The engaged clutch grips the shaft and prevents it from rotating. It can be placed either before or after the clutch. In the first case, the retarder completely blocks the clutch assembly, so changing gears is impossible. Because of this, this design is rarely used.
KAMAZ mountain brake
The operating principle of the KamAZ 65116 mountain brake is based on know-how from ZF Friedrichshafen AG. She proposed her own design - the retarder is included in the manual transmission circuit through an additional gear of the secondary shaft. She called it "intarder". In it, the retarder clutch blocks the shaft of the additional gearbox and through it transmits force to the transmission (as in KamAZ 4310).
In this case, the intarder force is increased due to the gear ratio . Engine braking is more efficient, and you can change speeds during this process.
The ZF9 manual transmission installed on the KamAZ 65116 truck tractor uses an electromagnetic type intarder - the shaft is slowed down due to the resulting effect of electromagnetic induction. This is an excellent solution because the braking force, although significant in magnitude, remains elastic and does not harm the transmission structure. However, the electrical circuit of tractors is significantly more complicated, since it contains an intarder clutch control circuit.
