KamAZ-45143: description, technical and operational characteristics

KamAZ-45143: medium-duty universal dump truck

When developing this truck model, engineers and designers of the Kama Automobile Plant were guided by the needs of the agricultural and construction industries. It was here that there was an acute demand for a reliable, economical and not too expensive dump truck for transporting bulk cargo. The development of the KamAZ-45143 model has been carried out since the seventies of the last century, and the first vehicles were presented for sale in mid-1982.

The thirty-year history of the model began (KAMAZ-45143 was produced until 2012), which included several upgrades. Note that the agricultural plant was produced in small batches until 2022. During this time, the vehicle’s carrying capacity, its external and internal appearance changed several times, and the characteristics of the power units and transmission changed. The car has mastered several related professions, in particular it is often used as a garbage truck.

Structurally, KamAZ-45143 is a three-axle frame truck (six by four wheel arrangement), with a front-mounted diesel engine and a cabover cab. The riveted frame is reinforced with longitudinal spars and transverse beams. Note that the truck is designed for use on roads with various types of surfaces: it feels great on dirt roads and on asphalt roads. One of the features of the model is the fact that it cannot be used for transporting crushed stone and stone.

Cabin

Now, not only traditional KamAZ trucks, which became widespread in the USSR, are produced here, but also other equipment - buses, tractors, mini-power plants, as well as components for them. By activating the backup brake system, the driver can slow down on slippery roads by moving the handle approximately a third of the way up.

Exterior and interior of KamAZ-45143

In most cases, the KamAZ-45143 model can be distinguished by the bright orange color of the cab and body. Pre-restyling modifications of the truck were equipped with a standard, uncomfortable cabin, with a metal bumper and a windshield separated by a molding. After restyling, the car received a modernized cabin with square headlights, an impact-resistant plastic bumper, a one-piece windshield and external mirrors with different viewing angles.

The cabin is equipped with two or three seats (driver's with air suspension) with adjustments in all planes. Most often, the car is equipped with a fairly wide and comfortable sleeping bag; an autonomous heater is available as standard. Drivers and car owners note the new, more ergonomic dashboard. Indicators and control devices are conveniently located, the panel has an anti-reflective coating.

Due to the completion of production, it is impossible to buy a new KamAZ-45143 today. At the same time, there are enough offers on the Internet for the sale of used cars. A grain dump truck manufactured in 2016-2017, with low mileage, can be purchased at a price of 2,500,000 rubles.

Prices for cars from 2010-2011 are much lower: 1,200,000 – 1,500,000 rubles.

About the history of the model

The KamAZ-45143 dump truck in the KamAZ model range became a continuation of the previously popular KamAZ-55102, which was also called the “agricultural truck”. Compared to its predecessor, the 45143rd KamAZ received a payload capacity increased from 7 to 12 tons.

KamAZ-45143 has been mass-produced by the Kama Automobile Plant since 1982, and has been modernized and improved more than once during its thirty-year tenure on the assembly line. Currently, it has given way to another “agricultural” dump truck in the production program of the enterprise: KamAZ-45144. Its carrying capacity is already 14 tons.

KamAZ-45143 with a “pre-restyling” cabin.

The total catastrophe and ruin that befell domestic agriculture in the 90s of the twentieth century gave way in the early 2000s to gradual but steady progress in this area. The peasants who recovered from “shock therapy” (or rather, a small part of them - those who did not drink themselves to death or did not go to work in the cities) managed to build new profitable farms on the ruins of former collective and state farms; We were convinced that you can earn serious money in crop production; received funds to update the machine and tractor fleet.

Today, not only large, but even medium-sized peasant farms and agricultural firms no longer want to rent cars for transporting crops, but start their own fleet of heavy dump trucks - they can already afford it. Therefore, the demand for KamAZ “agricultural trucks” is stable. Villagers are not in the habit of wasting money: the KamAZ-45143 model (like its successor KamAZ-45144) is indeed very successful, and copes with its tasks one hundred percent.

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Dimensions and load capacity

The vehicle was produced in several modifications; most dump trucks have double-sided unloading. Depending on the modification, the carrying capacity of the machine may differ: from 10 tons to 12.55 tons. The characteristics below are relevant for a truck with a carrying capacity of 12.1 tons.

• Chassis/body length: – 7,615/8,590 millimeters;
• Height along the air intake pipe: 2,900 mm;
• Width, excluding external mirrors: 2,500 mm;
• Center distance: 3,690 mm;
• Overall turning radius: 9.8 meters;
• Dump truck curb weight: 9,850 kilograms;
• Load capacity: 12,100 kg;
• Maximum weight with trailer: 36 tons;
• Platform volume with standard sides: 7.8 m3;
• Body volume with extension wooden sides: 10 m3;
• The volume of the platform with extension metal sides is 15.4 m3;
• Tire size: 10.00 R20 (280 R508);
• Maximum speed – 80 km/h.

Performance characteristics

11-8V-10.85-240-10M 32.2 D KrAZ-256, -256B, -256B1, -256B1S 48.0 D KrAZ-6505 50.0 D KrAZ-6510 48.0 D MAZ-510, - 510B, -510V, -510G, -511, -512, -513, -513A 28.0 D MAZ-5516 YaMZ-238D-8V-14.86-330-8M 42.0 D MAZ-5516-030 YaMZ- 238D-8V-14.86-330-8M 47.8 D MAZ-5516-30 YaMZ-238D-8V-14.86-330-8M 48.0 D MAZ-551603-021 YaMZ-238M2-8V-14, 86-240-8M 46.3 D MAZ-5549, -5551 28.0 D MAZ-5551-020 R2 YaMZ-238M2-8V-14.86-240-5M 35.7 D MoAZ-75051 85.0 D SAZ -3502 28.0 B SAZ-3503, -3504 26.0 B Ural-45286-01 YaMZ-236NE2-6V-11.15-230-5M 44.5 D Ural-5557 34.0 D Ural-55571 YaMZ- 236-6V-11.15-180-5M 34.5 D. Gearbox model ZF6S1000TO Gearbox type Mechanical 6-speed with synchronization system Clutch Dry, single-plate Gear ratios 1st gear 6.75 2nd gear 3.60 3rd gear 2, 12 4th gear 1.39 5th gear 1st 6th gear 0.78.

Engine range and fuel consumption of KamAZ-45143

Depending on the production period, one of three main power units was installed on KamAZ-45143:

• KamAZ 740.31 240;
• KamAZ 740.622-280;
• Cummins ISB6.7 300.

KamAZ 740.31 240. Proven Kamaz V-shaped eight, with a turbocharging system and technology for intermediate forced cooling of charge air. This four-stroke turbodiesel features a high-quality gas turbine and reliable turbochargers. According to the manufacturer, its service life is 800,000 kilometers. The working volume of the diesel engine is 10.86 liters, with a crankshaft rotation speed of 2,200 rpm, the rated power reaches 240 horsepower. According to environmental parameters, the KamAZ 740.31 240 engine is assigned the Euro 2 index.

Engine KAMAZ 740.31 240 hp

KamAZ 740.622-280 . Another domestic turbodiesel with a displacement of 11.76 liters and a rated power of 280 horsepower. The engine is equipped with a high-quality Common Rail fuel system and an electronic control unit, which help save fuel and reduce the amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere (Euro 4).

Cummins ISB6.7 300 . The engine is produced at the Chinese plant of the Cummins company. Structurally, it is an in-line six with a cylinder diameter of 107 millimeters and a maximum torque of 1,087 Nm. The engine is equipped with a turbocharging system with intermediate air cooling; a linerless cylinder design is used here. Through the use of a Common Rail fuel system and a high-quality high-pressure fuel pump (HPF), the engine is highly environmentally friendly (Euro 5), and it is also characterized by low fuel consumption. With a displacement of 6.7 liters, the Cummins ISB6.7 300 develops a power of 292 horsepower.

Cummins ISB6.7e5 300

Fuel consumption on the KamAZ-45143 depends on several factors, primarily on the model of the engine installed on the truck. The fuel consumption rate of a serviceable car equipped with a Cummins ISB6.7 300 turbodiesel is about 26 liters in the summer; in winter, consumption can rise to 28-30 liters of fuel per hundred kilometers. In the basic configuration, KamAZ-45143 comes with a fuel tank with a capacity of 500 liters.

Brakes, wheels, electrical equipment • Vehicle modifications

• Reliable engine with a long overhaul period;
• High-quality gearbox;
• High maintainability of the vehicle and the availability of a large number of original spare parts;
• Unpretentious quality of fuel.

Transmission and power supply KamAZ-45143

Depending on the modification and installed engine, KamAZ-45143 is equipped with one of nine-speed gearboxes: KamAZ 152, KamAZ 154 and ZF-9S. All units are assembled in Naberezhnye Chelny; they are highly reliable and provide good acceleration dynamics. “Mechanics” consists of a two-stage divider, a planetary range and the main box. All manual transmissions are controlled remotely using a rocker-type lever. The interaction between the motor and the gearbox is carried out through a diaphragm double-disc dry friction clutch model ZF&SACHS or MFZ 430 with a hydraulic drive and a pneumatic booster. The designers have provided for the possibility of inter-wheel locking of the chassis and locking of the center differential.

Clutch mechanism mod MFZ - 430: 1 - drive shaft; 2 - flywheel; 3 — driven disk; 4 — pressure disk; 5 - thrust ring; 6 - diaphragm; 7 — clutch casing; 8 — clutch release; 9 — clutch release fork; 10 — clutch release fork shaft; 11 — restrictive ring; 12 — gearbox; 13 — pneumatic hydraulic booster.

The electrical wiring of the KamAZ-45143 vehicle is made using single-shot technology. Electronic devices and electrical circuits are powered by two acid-base 12-volt batteries with a total capacity of 380 A/hour. In addition, the truck is equipped with a two-kilowatt generator and a voltage converter.

Device overview

KamAZ, with its high reliability, maneuverability, and efficiency, stands out among representatives of similar equipment. It is optimal for use in any domestic regions and abroad.

The car is available in several modifications. Their main difference is in the addition of various equipment and add-ons to the base model. There are versions in which the body structure is adapted for transporting hay and unloading is provided on three sides.

There are different configurations of models. It is due to minor design features and minor changes in appearance.

The car is equipped with a cabin improved as a result of restyling, which can tilt. It is all-metal, with a high roof, designed for a driver and two passengers. Placed above the power plant. Equipped with thermal and noise protection, a place to sleep. Previously, the latter was not included in the basic configuration.

The dump truck is driven using a 9-speed manual gearbox. Models 152, 154 (produced by KamAZ), ZF-9S are used. The latter was previously supplied from Germany, but is now manufactured in Naberezhnye Chelny. Torque is transmitted to the transmission through a double-disc clutch. It is dry, friction, and operates from a hydraulic drive and pneumatic booster.

Brake system and suspension KamAZ-45143

The safety of the car is ensured by drum brakes and the ABC anti-lock braking system, which prevents the wheels from locking and sliding. Each KamAZ-45143 wheel is equipped with a brake mechanism with a drum diameter of 400 millimeters and a brake lining width of 140 mm. In addition to the main one, the truck is equipped with a reserve, auxiliary and parking brake.

The suspension design looks standard, all bogies have springs installed, and there are also transverse stabilizers. The design of the front suspension includes telescopic shock absorbers, while the rear suspension is reinforced with more springs.

Detailed technical and operational characteristics of the KamAZ-45143 dump truck:

Technical specifications in numbers

10-8V-14.86-400-9M 22.2 D MAZ-7310, -73101, -7313 98.0 D MAZ-7916 138.0 D MAZ-MAN-543268 MAN-2866 F20-6L-11.967-400 -16M 20.0 D MAZ-MAN-642269 MAN-6L-12,816-460-16M 21.5 D Ural-375S, -375SK. But in relation to KamAZ dump trucks, this calculated parameter is of greatest importance, since the vehicle includes many modifications, each of which differs in individual fuel consumption.

What they're talking about on the forums: reviews from KamAZ-45143 owners and drivers

Nikita Dombrovskikh, 35 years old, Gomel region:

I have a KamAZ-45143, produced in 2010, with a Cummins engine and a ZF gearbox. Used for transporting grain, fertilizers, and other agricultural goods. There are no particular problems with the engine, transmission or chassis, and the cabin assembly is also tolerable. Things are worse with paintwork. The body became covered with rust after only five years of use, and a year later, red spots appeared on the cabin. I had to remove everything and repaint it. So far it’s normal, which means it’s not a matter of metal or operating conditions, but rather a matter of factory painting.

Scope of application

A successful design and a particularly powerful diesel engine, combined with an original suspension and chassis, allowed the truck from the Kama Automobile Plant to take a leading position in the ranking of large-sized equipment. Having a 6x4 wheelbase (6 wheels, of which 4 are driven), the car easily overcomes any obstacles. Judging by reviews from car enthusiasts, it is capable of transporting large volumes of materials.

One of the key features of the technology is the ability to empty the platform in both directions - left and right. Because of this, experts say, the dump truck is in demand in agriculture. But it has also found its application in other sectors of human activity that require transportation:

• Bulk materials.
• Coarse debris.
• Agricultural sector products.
• Chemically active substances (mineral fertilizers, metallurgical raw materials).

To transport almost any type of material, you can use KamAZ-45143. Technical characteristics do not only allow transporting coarse rocks and cobblestones. But this is its only drawback.

Peculiarities

KamAZ-45143 is still very popular among consumers. It has excellent technical and operational characteristics, close to foreign analogues, but unlike the latter, it has a more affordable price, both for the truck itself and for its consumables and spare parts.

Drivers speak highly of the engines. According to them, the motors used here have good traction over a wide speed range. 740 engines also have increased resistance to low-quality fuel and harsh operating conditions, which makes the model especially popular in remote regions.

The truck has excellent maneuverability. Due to this, it can be used in conditions with limited free space. The wide windshield provides excellent visibility from the workplace, and large rear-view mirrors greatly reduce the number of blind spots. Above the windshield inside the cabin there is a shelf with several lockable compartments in which the driver can store various documents and personal items. For relaxation during free time from the road, a fairly comfortable sleeping place was installed. But there are modifications where it is absent.

A lot of positive reviews are addressed to the thermal insulation and heating system of the car. The heater is highly efficient. In principle, it is similar to passenger cars, since its system is connected to the engine cooling system.

Although the suspension remains the same, the ride quality has noticeably improved. In addition, the brake system has an ABS system, thanks to which the truck maintains control in the event of emergency braking.

The presence of lockable cross-axle differentials on the drive axles made it possible to increase the vehicle's cross-country ability, which is an equally important parameter for this class of equipment.

High maintainability deserves special attention. When creating the dump truck, the designers used time-tested design solutions that are already very well known to any driver who has ever worked on a KamAZ truck. The design itself turned out to be as simple and understandable as possible, so maintenance or various repair work will not cause much difficulty. In addition, due to the high unification of the KamAZ-45143 with other vehicles of the brand, it is very easy to find the necessary part or consumables. Moreover, compared to foreign equipment, repairing a domestic truck will cost much less.

Thanks to all these features, the KamAZ-45143 dump truck remains in service today. There is indeed a very high demand for it in agriculture and other similar industries.

Flaws

The level of comfort in the KamAZ-45143 cabin is acceptable only for the 1980s. Currently, this model is much inferior to its modern analogues. And it's not just the build quality, but also the outdated interior design.

In addition, there is an engine hum in the cabin during operation. Of course, compared to its predecessors, the noise insulation here is better, but the developers still failed to completely get rid of extraneous noise.

The owners also note that the fuel consumption declared by the manufacturer differs significantly from the real one. Even with an empty body, the truck consumes at least 30 liters per 100 kilometers. In the case of a full load, consumption can exceed 40 liters.