The KamAZ 65222 all-wheel drive dump truck is quite common on the Russian market. The equipment has a six-by-six wheel arrangement and is designed for transporting bulk materials for industrial and construction purposes. The machine's large carrying capacity helps with this. This vehicle is used in areas where, given the terrain, the operation of classic dump trucks with a six-by-four wheel arrangement is difficult.
The KamAZ 65222 model belongs to the group of heavy-duty all-wheel drive dump trucks, which are unloaded from the rear. The car feels confident on any type of road. Now the Kama Automobile Plant produces several types of KamAZ 65222 configurations. This machine is considered one of the most reliable and productive products of the brand.
The three-axle chassis used in the vehicle minimizes the difficulties encountered when working outside the normal road, during unloading, loading and maneuvering. The equipment was created on the basis of the KamAZ 6522 all-wheel drive dump truck, which has a load capacity of 20,000 kg. However, in the KamAZ 65222 car they abandoned the dual-pitch tires in favor of special rubber with increased load capacity. From its “predecessor” the model inherited a reinforced transmission, frame and chassis. Thanks to single-pitch tires, equipment can not only leave hard surfaces, but also move in off-road conditions with a large load.
Specifications
Overall dimensions of the model:
- length – 7795 mm;
- width – 2500 mm;
- height – 3200 mm;
- outer overall radius – 12500 mm.
KamAZ 65222 has a load capacity of 19,500 kg. The total vehicle weight is 34,000 kg (load on the rear bogie - 26,000 kg, load on the front axle - 6,350 kg). The curb weight of the vehicle is 14,350 kg (the load on the rear bogie is 8,000 kg, the load on the front axle is 5,850 kg). At the same time, KamAZ 65222 is capable of accelerating to 90 km/h.
The equipment platform has a volume of 12 cubic meters. Raising time is 30 seconds, lowering time is 40 seconds. The platform's elevation angle is 50 degrees.
The machine's climbing angle is 25%.
Fuel consumption KamAZ 65222
Fuel consumption of the KamAZ 65222 vehicle in winter is 39.2 l/100 km, in summer – 35.6 l/100 km. The fuel tank of the model holds up to 350 liters of fuel.
Application area
The all-wheel drive heavy-duty unit is very popular in the field of human activity, because it is designed to move bulk materials in the construction, agricultural and industrial sectors.
This larger load was developed by the Kama Automobile Plant on the basis of the KamAZ 6522 prototype, but unlike its predecessor, it has a specific single-pitch shoe that can withstand a large load weight, and which replaced the double-pitch tires on the rear axles.
Since the prototype and successor have the task of transporting cargo off-road, the manufacturers installed similar reinforced frames, chassis and transmission on both. In addition, the chassis of this truck has 3 axles, which greatly facilitates maneuvering when moving, as well as during loading and unloading, which is carried out by tipping the body back.
It must be said that the KamAZ-65222 has surpassed its predecessor in cross-country ability, because this dump truck is capable of working freely on complete off-road conditions, but it should be taken into account that a loaded vehicle, the total weight of which is 34 tons, is not in the mood to joke, and even on such roads. By the way, for races in which Kamaz showed itself excellently, this dump truck is not suitable, because its brother Kamaz-43118 will easily leave this vehicle behind.
Engine
The KamAZ 65222 dump truck is equipped with a diesel power unit of its own production, KamAZ-740.63-400, which meets Euro-3 requirements. This unit has turbocharging and intercooling of charge air.
Characteristics of the KamAZ 65222 engine:
- working volume – 11.76 l;
- rated power – 294(400) kW (hp);
- normal rotation speed – 1900 rpm;
- maximum torque – 1766(180) Nm (kgcm);
- number of cylinders – 8;
- compression ratio - 16.8;
- cylinder diameter – 120 mm.
Troubleshooting
Modern KamAZ trucks are equipped with a Bosch MS6.1 or Bosch ISB CM 2150 ECU. This device allows you to perform self-diagnosis of faults by reading check signals. Thanks to the appearance of such a block, it is often possible to quickly find out why the engine does not pick up speed, since the problem can be both mechanical and electronic in nature. Fault codes and their interpretation are presented in the figure.
Figure Fault codes and their interpretation
Photo
Reviews of KamAZ 5325
Andrey:
“I’ve been working on this for more than 6 years, unfortunately, I’m not the owner of the tractor, but just a driver. I can immediately say that the carrying capacity according to the technical passport is up to 20 tons, but there have been cases when they loaded even 27 tons. I don’t recommend doing this, the car is not cheap, and neither are repairs. But mine pulled out fine!
I carried all sorts of things on it: crushed stone, sand, dry mixtures. Sometimes I worked two shifts, the workload was intense, not all equipment can handle this. In terms of driving: it drives well, but sometimes the engine power is not enough. But given the specifics of the vehicle (despite the fact that it is a dump truck), dynamics are definitely not its strong point. Maneuverability is not the main thing here.
Advantages : all-wheel drive, good cross-country ability, comfortable seats, even for a tall driver. The dimensions and dimensions are impressive. Wheel formula is six by six.
Disadvantages : Bulgarian bridges, not intended for Russian roads. Not a sleeping place."
Device
To improve the technical characteristics of the KamAZ 65222 model, several new solutions were used. Impressive R20 wheels with a special off-road tread and Bulgarian Madara axles provided the car with high load capacity and high driving performance. However, due to the use of “foreign” bridges and hard tires, it was necessary to abandon the installation of a centralized tire inflation system, which is a distinctive feature of the products of the Kama Automobile Plant.
Despite the presence of inter-wheel and inter-axle locks, the dump truck clearly lacks traction characteristics on serious off-road conditions. The driver has to constantly operate the transmission lever to select the optimal gear ratio parameters.
The KamAZ 65222 model uses a 16-speed ZF 16S151 transmission with a range and divider. The car is equipped with a German clutch and transfer case ZF-Steyr VG 1600/300, which increases the service life of the equipment.
The remaining elements of the machine are of domestic production. The cab of KamAZ 65222 equipment cannot be confused with a model of another brand. The standard daytime version differs little from the similar element of other models of the manufacturer. Due to the powerful tires, the car's cabin was at an unattainable height. For short people, getting into it can be a real problem. The additional step did not add much comfort, since it does not allow one to reach the handrails.
Other problems also arise. Getting behind the cab for maintenance or wiping the windshield is quite difficult. There are simply no handrails, ladders or steps accessible from the ground. Special steps for the feet are present on the body and bumper, but reaching them is also not easy.
There is much more comfort inside the cabin. The steering column and seat are freely adjustable. The sprung driver's seat, with all its advantages, has one significant disadvantage. When driving off-road, the driver constantly slides off it. If there are no lateral supports, you need a seat similar to the one installed on the KamAZ 5460. The cab of the vehicle is tiltable and restyled. It is located above the power plant and has thermal and noise insulation.
The all-metal platform has retained its previous outline, but the tailgate is now located at a right angle to the road. Previous versions had a sloping rear side. The platform's large capacity should not be misleading. By loading a body with a “hat”, you can overload the car, which will ultimately negatively affect reliability. The platform itself is equipped with a rear straight opening side and a protective visor. Thanks to heating by exhaust gases, freezing of cargo in winter is excluded.
Reviews about the KamAZ 65222 dump truck vary. Car owners praise the technical characteristics of the model. At the same time, many are not satisfied with its cross-country ability. Thus, one of the drivers writes that KamAZ 65222 is not suitable for work in the northern regions. Weak fastening of the spare wheel, which in some cases bends the frame, poor electrical equipment and problems with the front axle hubs do not allow normal operation of the car. Strong vibrations often unscrew the fastening of the transfer and main gearboxes. There are a lot of complaints about ABS, which doesn’t last long, and Webasto.
History of creation
Production of heavy-duty dump trucks began at KamAZ in 1996. At that time, the company produced a 13-ton KamAZ-55111 and a 15-ton KamAZ-65115. However, in the domestic automobile market there was a constantly increasing demand for reliable and unpretentious cars with a significantly larger carrying capacity than the then existing models.
The problem of a shortage of truly heavy dump trucks could not be solved by modernizing existing trucks, so KamAZ began work on creating a fundamentally new line of vehicles.
The first-born in this family was the KamAZ-6520 with a lifting capacity of 20 tons and a 6x4 wheel arrangement, intended for quarrying, agricultural and construction work. It came out in 2003.
From the old models, this dump truck received only a standard cabin, and all the components and assemblies that provided load capacity, power and efficiency were new, for example, a reinforced frame, a hydraulic system, a 320-horsepower engine that complies with the Euro-2 environmental standard, etc.
The first-born in the line of heavy-duty trucks KamAZ-6520 with a 6x4 wheel arrangement
On the basis of this model, an all-wheel drive 19-ton dump truck KamAZ-6522 with a body volume of 12 mᶟ was created. He was able to perform well both off-road and in fairly low temperatures. Thanks to the presence of a mechanical fuel system control system, its repair and maintenance were simplified, the car became less demanding on the quality of diesel fuel and started without problems in cold weather.
This model received a body heating system with exhaust gases, a Bulgarian front axle with double cardan joints, a 16-speed ZF gearbox and a ZF STEYER transfer case, as well as an updated cabin with a hydraulic lift and a slightly longer cargo platform.
Indicators taken into account when calculating fuel consumption of Kamaz
When calculating fuel consumption rates for trucks, the following are taken into account:
- a basic coefficient that allows you to determine the fuel costs for a vehicle in your fleet;
- a correction index that takes into account the type of road and altitude (as you climb mountains, fuel costs increase);
- coefficient of climatic operating conditions (for winter allowances additional validity periods are established);
- an indicator that takes into account the trajectory of the road (the number and radius of turns, on which the intensity of acceleration depends);
- technical condition coefficient (it is used for new equipment or trucks that have undergone major repairs);
- an indicator that takes into account the wear and tear of cars (it depends on mileage and age).
Indicators can both increase standard costs and reduce the amount of fuel written off. The owner of the equipment has the right to introduce additional coefficients to take into account fuel consumption for maneuvering in garages or on the territory of a motor vehicle fleet.
The indicator compensates for the costs of fuels and lubricants arising as a result of routine inspections, adjustment of units or running-in of components after repairs.
Dump truck wheels and tires
KamAZ-65222 is equipped with disc wheels with rim size 11.25–20 and pneumatic tube tires of improved design size 16.00 R20 with reinforced lugs. Thanks to the use of single-pitch tires, increasing the height of the tire profile, as well as the diameter and width of the wheels, it was possible to increase the ground clearance of the dump truck, increase its maneuverability and load capacity.
KamAZ-65222 wheels
Table of average fuel costs for KamAZ of various modifications
It is built on a three-axle chassis with a 6x6 wheel arrangement, which allows it to easily cope with difficult road conditions even when fully loaded. In order to keep up with the specified values and increase the productivity of the dump truck, you should initially choose the correct volume of the front loader bucket, namely, the capacity should be from three to five cubic meters.
