Agricultural machinery in a household plot is an indispensable assistant. But not every village resident has the means to purchase it. But you can make equipment with your own hands - assemble a tractor from an UAZ. This homemade design has good characteristics and positive user reviews.
Homemade design and device
The Ulyanovsk-made car has a suitable design for making a mini-tractor. The main feature is the durable steel frame. If parts break, you can easily buy them at the nearest automobile store. The main design elements of homemade special equipment based on UAZ are:
- frame;
- steering;
- chassis;
- transmission;
- bridges;
- engine;
- wheels.
When assembling, it is desirable that all units are borrowed from cars of the same brand.
Main design elements
The UAZ car is durable; its components and systems can be used to construct a tractor. The obvious advantage is the ability to easily select replacement parts in the event of a breakdown.
It is impossible to start work without studying accurate plans and drawings.
Next, we consider the key equipment:
- Engine;
- Transmission;
- Chassis;
- Steering;
- Suspensions and shafts.
Specifics of creating a tractor:
- It is better to take all the listed parts from one vehicle. This will not only simplify the installation process, but also facilitate the functioning of the entire machine;
- The installed gearbox should not weigh more than 300 kilograms. The stability of the tractor also depends on it;
- A high-quality cooling system is important. You will need a radiator with two sections;
- You need to choose the right wheel width and tires. General-purpose equipment that is not used often can get by with thirteen inches. Narrow-profile work with improved cross-country ability is performed with a wheel width of 18 inches.
A homemade UAZ tractor will have an optimal power of 50 hp. With.
Preparing for work
Before assembly, you need to prepare a set of plumbing tools and all the necessary units. If the equipment will not be used in difficult conditions, then it is enough to install small wheels - 13 inches. Wheels with a larger diameter are often installed in the rear and smaller ones on the front axle.
For assembly you need to prepare the following components:
- Transmission driven by UAZ.
- Clutch mechanism assembled with basket, disc and release bearing.
- Extension cord for connecting the gearbox.
- Engine flywheel.
- The channel is the right size.
- From the pipes you need to weld spars, cross members and a support for attaching the power unit.
- 4 supports for mounting a homemade cabin.
You will also need forged steel sheets to make a plate and a car mounting bracket.
UAZ components
A homemade tractor consists of important components, the quality of which determines the operation of the machine as a whole:
- motor;
- transmission device;
- chassis;
- steering part;
- assembly system (suspended means and power rotation shafts).
A homemade mini-tractor is most often wheeled, less often tracked, with an engine power of 10 to 50 horsepower.
It is advisable to take the engine, gearbox, beams, and chassis from the same car so that their installation is easier and faster. If you wish, you can experiment and try to connect units and components from different machines. This is a complex process, but it can add interest to working with the design of a mini-tractor.
Another homemade model
It must be remembered that for the stability of a mini-tractor, the width of the wheels must correspond to a certain size, taking into account what kind of work the vehicle will perform. If these are standard simple operations, then the wheel width can be 13 inches; if the mini-tractor is working in the field, the width should be 18.
Remember that the tractor must be stable . This quality depends on what kind of gearbox the homemade product will have. It should be with an increased number of gear ratios. These numbers increase the tractive effort, which should not exceed 300 kg.
You should make a drawing of the cooling system in advance to know exactly where the adapters should be located. The manufactured mini-tractor may overheat during operation. To prevent this from happening, you can install a radiator with 2 sections.
When choosing a crawler tractor, pay attention to the drive . It is installed on the rear of the track to cause less damage to the rollers. During operation, you need to remember to clean the tracks themselves, since when using rear-wheel drive, snow and dirt clog them.
Starting to assemble a homemade model
The coupling device consists of the following elements:
- Transmission;
- clutch cover;
- release bearing flange;
- M6 screw for fastening the flange;
- release bearing;
- basket with clutch drive disc,
- bolt M 12x1.5;
- motor tail boom;
- flywheel;
- crankshaft bearing;
- crankshaft;
- gearbox extension.
- bumper (channel No. 12);
- front side members (pipe 80x80x6);
- front cross members (pipe 80x80x6);
- engine mounting support (pipe 80x80x6, 2 pcs.);
- cabin fastening supports (beam No. 8, 4 pcs.);
- racks (pipe 80x80x6, 4 pcs.);
- scarves (steel sheet s10, 6 pcs.);
- tail spars (tube 80x80x6);
- tail cross members (pipe 80x80x6);
- automatic mounting plate for working tools (steel sheet s10);
- auto-mounting bracket (steel sheet s10, 2 pcs.)
Steel water pipes with a diameter of 57 mm are suitable for a welded rectangular frame consisting of a pair of side members and a pair of cross members.
This model has a bridge from an UAZ
The steering column can also be borrowed from UAZ. If it is placed on the right side of a homemade tractor, then securing the steering mechanism with the steering gear will not be difficult. The lever is removed from the splines and placed back in a vertical position. As for the transverse steering rod, gas-electric welding will be required for its manufacture. Tips with ball fingers are welded to the corners measuring 30 by 30 mm, which slide over each other.
The UAZ rear axle can also be used in the design of a mini-tractor. A flange is cut off on the long axle shaft and a hole is drilled in the center. The trim is processed and inserted into the hole, the outside is scalded, and the excess is cut off.
The long stocking is shortened. Two short axle shafts are used. The cut of the stocking is chamfered and its joint is welded. A caliper is placed at the welding site to protect against impact on the shank. Using a V-shaped structure, the mini tractor axle is attached to the frame. The structure itself will fit comfortably on the standard rear axle cushions.
To build a mini-tractor, you can use the master brake cylinder of a UAZ car. You can also take the steering gear, column and rod. To strengthen the gearbox, it is necessary to prepare a crossbar welded into the structure.
The steering from the UAZ car, as well as the longitudinal rod, steering column and transverse rod, which is shortened to 450 mm, are all useful for the design of the mini-tractor.
The transmission layout is noteworthy. After the engine, it is necessary to install the clutch basket and gearbox. These units from a UAZ car are perfect for a mini-tractor (assembly unit: distribution box with low gear).
On the floor under the seat, it is advisable to place a gas tank, a battery and a ground switch, and hanging pedals from a UAZ car. Fuel will be supplied to the fuel pump through a fine filter or sump taken from this SUV.
Only the rear wheels of a mini-tractor can be equipped with brakes, and you also need to take them from the UAZ.
Motors used
For homemade equipment, several types of power units are used.
Zied 4 5
Gasoline, 1-cylinder, 4-stroke engine, 4.5 hp, air-cooled. The power unit is installed on self-propelled agricultural machinery and various agricultural equipment. Starting is done using a cord wound around a pulley.
Several types of power plants are produced, each type is intended for different equipment.
When mounted on a mini-tractor, the Zid 4 5 engine must be attached to a rigid frame, resting with its “feet” on metal with a thickness of at least 7 mm.
When purchasing a unit, the manufacturer provides a warranty period for the engines - 2000 engine hours for a year, subject to proper storage and operation.
Lifan 6 5
The most common engine for mini-tractors is a 1-cylinder, 4-stroke Lifan gasoline engine with a power of 6.5 hp. It is used for walk-behind tractors, snow blowers, motor pumps, generators and other agricultural equipment.
The motor has a conical shaft output and a built-in reduction gearbox. Some models are equipped with an electric starter and an oil sensor, which stops the engine if there is a lack of oil.
Lifan 6 5 is made in China, but is distinguished by high-quality assembly. Upon purchase, the manufacturer provides a 2-year warranty.
Other options
Another engine option for a homemade mini-tractor is a gasoline, 2-cylinder power unit UD-25, with a volume of 0.42 liters and a power of 12 hp. The motor has been discontinued, but you can find many variants of this model on the Internet.
When making homemade equipment, engines from passenger cars are often used. The most common is from an Oka car, with a volume of 0.649 liters and a power of 29 hp. The unit is characterized by low fuel consumption and high efficiency.
Of the more expensive options, you can opt for a VAZ engine with a power of 59 hp or more.
A tractor with a Zhiguli engine can cope with any agricultural work.
An indispensable assistant for a summer resident - a mini-tractor
Many gardeners and summer residents have acquired homemade mini-tractors. The little helper will cope with many tasks: watering the garden, digging a bed, transporting the harvest. To assemble such a mini-tractor, you need quite a bit of ingenuity, diligence and diligence, and most importantly, have the necessary technical knowledge and skills.
Homemade mini-tractors are still attractive due to the possibility of modernization to suit individual requirements. You can negotiate with an enterprising neighbor who, for a small fee, will help in constructing a homemade product.
To assemble this model we used a box from UAZ
UAZ units and components can serve as excellent donors for designing various equipment. A homemade tractor is not much different from a factory design. It can also perform several functions, while its use is several times cheaper than the use of large vehicles, and fuel costs are minimal. Homemade products are beneficial for everyone who is engaged in agricultural work and wants to make life easier for themselves in their dachas and personal plots.
Another advantage of using a mini-tractor is the ability to attach a trailer with a capacity of more than 200 kg. The trailer will help you cope with garden work faster and better.
Source
How to make a tractor
When making homemade special equipment, it is necessary to strictly follow the assembly algorithm.
Drawings of homemade models
First of all, you need to carefully examine the drawing with drawings. They will be good helpers during the assembly process. Then you should draw up a plan for the upcoming work and choose a suitable location. Assembly does not take place in 1 day, so it is better to start work immediately in the garage or under a shed.
General progress of work
Assembling a mini tractor includes several stages:
- It is necessary to weld a frame from pipes or channel. To strengthen the structure, the seams need to be welded with scraps of metal corners.
- A steel sheet structure is welded into the front part of the frame - this will be a niche for the power unit. The UAZ engine is mounted in the niche with bolts; additional brackets are used for reliability.
- A seat is installed in the center of the structure.
- Then the brake system from a UAZ SUV is mounted on the frame.
- A linkage mechanism is attached to the rear of the tractor. It is better to purchase a ready-made hitch, because... Manufacturing will require complex turning work.
- If desired, special equipment can be equipped with a cabin. It is necessary to weld the frame and glaze it, you can stretch the awning.
After all this, the steering is installed. To simplify the design, the mechanism is mounted on the right side of the frame.
Shortening the rear and front axles
All chassis and transmission parts are installed from the UAZ vehicle.
The rear gearbox will have to be changed a little: on the long axle shaft it is necessary to cut off the flange and drill a hole in the middle. The resulting trim needs to be processed and inserted into the hole made, scald on the outside and trim off the excess. UAZ axles are attached to the V-shaped structure of a homemade frame.
Final touches
After assembling the structure, it is necessary to fill the engine with fuel, oil, coolant and begin testing the equipment. First of all, in order not to overload the power unit, you need to use small cutters and a plow. After checking the mini-tractor on light equipment, you can begin more complex types of work.
Let's start building a mini-tractor from spare parts
First of all, you need to draw up a diagram and outline a specific plan of action for assembling a homemade tractor. This will help you approach the labor-intensive work of creating equipment rationally and consistently. Drawings for a mini-tractor can be found on the Internet or made yourself, of course, if you have certain skills and knowledge. You can look at ready-made photos of mini-tractors on the forums and choose the unit you like.
Having determined the homemade option, you need to think about where the place for the driver’s seat will be located, and where the gearbox will be located in the mini-tractor.
Before making the final decision on building a homemade mini-tractor, you need to choose a place to work and equip it. The manufacturing process will take several months, so everything must be prepared and thought out in advance. Don’t forget about additional equipment: drill, grinder, welding machine and other tools.
Pros and cons of such a tractor
The advantages of homemade equipment include:
- good cross-country ability and endurance thanks to all-wheel drive from the UAZ;
- a wide selection of suitable attachments;
- the dimensions of a homemade tractor, allowing you to cultivate the soil in small areas;
- the ability to repair equipment with your own hands at minimal cost;
- low fuel consumption;
- the possibility of replacing the power unit with a more powerful one.
The disadvantages of homemade products include a long, complex and painstaking assembly process that not everyone can complete. If a self-made part breaks down, it will be difficult to find a suitable one.
To drive a tractor on the road, a special permit is required, which must be obtained from the nearest traffic police department. Otherwise, a fine will be imposed.
DIY making
When starting to assemble homemade equipment, you need to decide on the model, its design, drawings and changes that are planned to be made to it. You will also need to prepare in advance all the necessary materials and tools used in the work process.
Required materials and tools
To assemble such a unit, the master will need a standard set of tools, a powerful electric drill, a welding machine and fasteners. When studying the materials used in the manufacturing process, one should mention steel pipes, sheet metal, the thickness of which is at least 1 cm, as well as basic spare parts from UAZ.
Examples of assembled homemade products
On the Internet you can find many examples of how to make a homemade tractor with your own hands, for example:
- A universal mini-tractor - capable of mowing grass, clearing snow and cultivating fields up to 7 hectares.
- Mini-tractor - used on small agricultural plots, can cultivate no more than 1-2 hectares of land.
- “Rider” is a mini-helper, designed for transporting fertilizers, spraying plants with pesticides and for removing garbage from a personal plot.
You can also make attachments for any type of equipment with your own hands.
Recommendations for selection
Ready homemade tractor
It is best to create a mini-tractor from something that is reliable and inexpensive, and sometimes completely free. The selected components do not need to be altered or modified, which means there is no risk of reducing the strength and reliability of the mini-tractor. A redesigned design may fail.
To create homemade tractors, you can use cheap units from a UAZ car. This will be the main advantage of the vehicle. In the event of a breakdown, the necessary spare parts and materials for repairs will not be so difficult to find.
