Car refueling capacities (l). Kamaz filling tanks

Oil in KAMAZ gearbox

For correct and durable operation, machine components must be lubricated on time, so we will look at what and how much oil should be poured into a KamAZ gearbox with and without a divider.

The amount of oil in the old-style KamAZ gearbox - five-speed without a divider - is 8.5 liters. Checking the lubricant level should be done as often as possible and at least once a month. Once a year, a complete oil change should be carried out in the KamAZ gearbox, provided that the mileage does not exceed 90 thousand kilometers. When this figure is reached, replacement must be performed earlier. For vehicles operating in difficult conditions, this figure is halved. This is due to the rapid depletion of oil life with frequent gear changes, as well as long-term operation in low gears. The oil in the KamAZ gearbox is checked using an indicator attached to the filler plug. In speed distribution mechanisms produced by ZF-KAMA, level control is carried out through control holes located on the crankcase.

The presence of a divider increases the amount of oil used in the KamAZ gearbox. Ten-speed gearboxes require 12 liters of gear oil. Replacing it is a simple process, so most drivers know how to change the KamAZ gearbox oil.

This procedure is performed as follows. First, the filler plug is unscrewed. Then the two drain plugs at the bottom of the crankcase are unscrewed. In units equipped with a divider, the plug should be unscrewed from its crankcase. Before draining, you need to start the engine and warm up the oil to reduce its viscosity. Because drain plugs have magnets to trap metal particles, they should also be thoroughly cleaned.

ZF gearbox oil for KamAZ

The instructions for use determine which oil to fill into the ZF KamAZ gearbox. Domestic-made lubricants have a lower price, but for use in expensive imported mechanisms it is better to use branded oil for the ZF gearbox of KamAZ. For these purposes, you should choose Titan Cytrac Man Synth 75W-80 or Titan Cytrac LD 75W-80. Castrol EP 80W and Mobil GX-A 80W are also perfect. A high-quality brand of gearbox oil will extend its service life and reduce wear on parts. Therefore, the best choice is to use the oil in the KamAZ ZF gearbox specified in the specifications for this box. These are GL-4 and MIL-L2105 grades. Viscosity is also determined by the temperature conditions of the environment. For cold climates 75 W-90(80), for the middle zone - 80W-90, and for hot weather - 85W-90.

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What kind of oil to fill in the KAMAZ gearbox

are poured into the average KAMAZ gearbox (0.80 liters into the pig differential and 7 into the crankcase itself).

In the rear gearbox of KAMAZ, respectively - 7. The main sign of lack of oil is the appearance of a hum. Don't let it come to this.

Oils suitable for KAMAZ gearboxes and final drives

Very often, drivers operating KAMAZ vehicles ask the question of what type of oil is suitable for the normal functioning of the KAMAZ gearbox. We can talk about this topic for a long time, but in general we can recommend proven brands of oils at a price corresponding to the available means.

The best option would be to give preference to 75W-90 or 80W-90 gear oil from any well-known brand, the main thing is that the oil is original. Prices for imported motor oils are slightly higher than for domestic ones, but we recommend the following:

— Castrol Syntrax Long Life (75W-90) — this product is a completely synthetic oil for truck gearboxes, most suitable as a lubricant for the main transmission of vehicles with a large load. It has excellent technological parameters and a long service life.

— Shell Spirax S6 AXME (75W-90) is a universal, completely synthetic oil with fuel-saving properties and is designed for pouring into axles, has a long service life and can provide the best protection for the latest heavy-duty axles. Thanks to special anti-friction properties and excellent flowability, it significantly reduces power losses and the temperature of units, while increasing the efficiency of the vehicle.

— MOTUL Motylgear-75W-90 is suitable as an oil for heavy-duty gear shift mechanisms, axles with hypoid-type mechanisms without automatic locking and low-slip mechanisms. Produced according to the standard: API/GL-4 and GL-5, MIL L-2105D

— Mobilube-HD80W-90 — is known as an oil produced from similar high-quality products and enhanced with a number of additives that provide maximum effect and is intended for components operating under high loads. The model of this oil is designed for use in trucks, the components of the operating vehicles of which are subject to increased pressure and shock loads. Promotes excellent performance of nodes requiring API level and GL-5.

Chemmotological map

The chemotological card applies to cars:

• KAMAZ-43501, -43502 (4x4 type);
• KAMAZ-5350, -53504, -43118 (6x6 type).

Engine lubrication system: ● KAMAZ 740.622-280 ● KAMAZ 740.652-260 ● KAMAZ 740.662-300 with oil sump: – 740.30-1009010 – 740.30-1009010 — 10

Engine lubrication system: ● Cummins ISB6.7 250 ● Cummins ISB6.7 275 ● Cummins ISB6.7 300 ● Cummins ISB6.7E5 250 ● Cummins ISB6.7E5 285 ● Cummins ISB6.7 E5 300

Engine lubrication system: ● Cummins ISB6.7E6 310 ● Cummins ISB6.7E6 250

Gearbox housing (Gearbox): ● KP-144 ● KP-154

Front axle housing: ● KAMAZ type 4x4 ● KAMAZ type 6x6

Middle axle housing: ● KAMAZ type 6x4 ● KAMAZ type 6x6

Rear axle housing: ● KAMAZ type 4x4 ● KAMAZ type 6x6

Change the oil Check the level Change the oil (at least once a year)

Transfer case: ● with power take-off (PTO) from the top hatch ● with side-mounted PTO, without PTO

Joints of cardan shafts of KAMAZ type 4x4: ● main ● front axle ● rear axle

KAMAZ cardan shaft joints type 6x6: ● main ● front axle ● middle axle ● rear axle

Pins: ● front springs ● rear springs (KAMAZ type 4x4)

Wheel hub bearings KAMAZ type 4x4: ● front axle ● rear axle

KAMAZ wheel hub bearings type 6x6: ● front axle ● middle axle ● rear axle

Adjusting levers of brake mechanisms: ● KAMAZ type 4x4 ● KAMAZ type 6x6

Expansion cam shaft bushings (front and rear bracket): ● KAMAZ type 4x4 ● KAMAZ type 6x6

Engine cooling system: ● Cummins ISB6.7 250 ● Cummins ISB6.7 275 ● Cummins ISB6.7 300 ● Cummins ISB6.7E5 250 ● Cummins ISB6.7 E5 285 ● Cummins ISB6.7 E5 300 with preheater 14TC , 15.8106

Engine cooling system: ● Cummins ISB6.7E6 310 ● Cummins ISB6.7E6 250

1) The oil level according to the standard indicator should be: top – at the top mark “B”; lower – not lower than 10 mm from mark “B”. 2) Volume of the entire oil system. The oil level should be between the “L” (lower level) and “H” (upper level) marks on the standard gauge. Mark “L” - 15.0 l; mark “H” - 17.5 l. 3) Volume of the entire oil system. The oil level should be between the marks “L” (lower level) and “H” (upper level) 4) For KAMAZ vehicles of Euro-5, 6 level during NTO (once every 3 months). 5) For KAMAZ vehicles of Euro-5, 6 level with 2 maintenance. 6) For KAMAZ vehicles of Euro-5, 6 level during maintenance. 7) For KAMAZ vehicles of Euro-5, 6 level with NTO. The tank volume is indicated. Fill the tank with neutralizing liquid no more than 90%.

Can PSF and ATF be mixed?

Unlike other PSF-3 formulations, this fluid cannot be mixed with similar ATF fluids and other power steering fluids.

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Filling volume

The KamAZ 5320 cooling system holds about 30-40 liters of coolant - antifreeze A-40.

The exact filling volume depends on the modification of the power unit and the presence of an engine heater. The exact numbers are indicated in the vehicle operation and repair instructions.

It is easy to pour the required amount of liquid into the cooling system “by eye”. The fact is that the expansion tank has Min and Max marks. For the equipment to work correctly, the antifreeze level must be located between them. Depending on the configuration, the tank should be approximately half filled - 2/3 full. This will leave enough free space in the container so that the liquid can expand without breaking the tightness of the system.

Maintenance and repair

In this section we will look at how to repair KamAZ 43114.

Maintenance of a heavy-duty vehicle includes the following types of work:

• control and diagnostic;
• fastening;
• installation and dismantling;
• electrical;
• checking individual components of the car.

Maintenance must be carried out on special equipment and stands.

Repair work can take place with either complete or partial disassembly of the KamAZ unit. During normal repairs, you can replace any parts except the basic ones. Basic parts are considered to be the most expensive parts of the car, such as the body. When carrying out repair work, several important points should be taken into account:

1. When repairing the engine and its cooling mechanism or its parts, before disassembling it is necessary to check the unit using special electronic equipment. This will help to collect reliable information about the malfunction and identify its cause.
2. Before you begin diagnosing the engine, you should thoroughly clean it of dirt. You should remove or install the engine using a special lifting mechanism on a professional stand, otherwise there is a risk of damage.
3. It is necessary to assemble or disassemble car parts only on a stand specialized for this type of work, using special equipment and tools.
4. The parts must be assembled in the reverse order of their disassembly. Therefore, during analysis, it is necessary to write down all the actions performed and how much time was spent on them.
5. Parts that were welded to each other should be disassembled if repairs are impossible without this.
6. All accumulated oil must be removed from the block if it is necessary to carry out the bolt tightening process.
7. Strictly install the parts that come in pairs; they can only be changed as a set.
8. All parts of the car must be separated from each other carefully, using special tools, otherwise the mechanisms can be damaged and they will become unusable.

In order to check the technical condition of a heavy truck, you must adhere to the following rules:

1. After disassembling a part of the car, it is necessary to clean all its parts from dust, rust and dirt. Aluminum and zinc parts should not be washed in alkaline solutions.
2. To diagnose parts, you need to carefully examine them using a magnetic microscope or magnifying glass.
3. If parts have the following characteristics, they should be repaired or replaced:

• burnt;
• with significant chips;
• parts with cracks on the working surface;
• parts used for fastening that have chips in the threaded part;
• screws and nuts that have become unusable;
• pin wire with relaxed tension;
• parts made of rubber that has lost its elastic properties;
• hoses with cracks;
• deformed brass couplings or metal tubes;
• fuel tanks that began to leak.

Before assembly, all parts must be prepared and repaired or replaced. For safety reasons, you should not carry out complex repair work yourself; for this it is better to contact a professional workshop.

Technical and operational characteristics

Dimensions and load capacity

• Chassis length: 9,145 millimeters;
• Width (excluding mirrors): 2,500 mm;
• Height: 3,080 mm;
• Installation length of frame: 6 100/6 280 mm;
• Center distance 4,400 millimeters;
• Curb weight of the car: 10,500 kilograms;
• Load capacity: 10,000 kilograms;
• Gross vehicle weight: 20,500 kg;
• Maximum vehicle weight as part of a road train: 32.65 tons;
• Maximum speed: 90 km/h.

Power unit and fuel consumption of KamAZ-43118

Initially, KamAZ-43118 was driven by a domestically produced turbodiesel KamAZ 740.55-300. This eight-cylinder power unit with a V-shaped cylinder arrangement develops a rated power of up to 245 hp at a crankshaft speed of 2,200 rpm. The engine displacement is 10.85 liters, and it is equipped with a turbocharging and intercooling system. In terms of environmental parameters, KamAZ 740.55-300 meets Euro 3 standards, and drivers also note the efficiency of this engine.

Today, new modifications of the truck are equipped with a licensed Cummins ISBe6.7 E5 300, Cummins ISB6.7E6 310 engine or a domestic KAMAZ-740.662-300 engine.

Cummins engines are similar in their characteristics; structurally, they are six-cylinder in-line turbodiesels with four valves per cylinder, an improved fuel pump and a modernized gas distribution mechanism. The Common Rail fuel system provides high pressure during fuel injection, which increases the vehicle's acceleration and leads to significant fuel savings. The working volume of the Cummins ISBe6.7 E5 300 is 6.7 liters, the rated power is 292 horsepower. It is worth noting the high environmental friendliness of these engines: they comply with Euro 5 standards.

The fuel consumption rate of a KamAZ-43118 all-wheel drive truck when driving at a speed of 45-50 km/h is about 33.5 liters. Fuel consumption on cars equipped with Cummins engines is 12-15% lower than on domestic analogues. The car is equipped with two fuel tanks of 210 and 350 liters.

Transmission and power supply KamAZ-43118

Pre-restyling KamAZ-43118 models were equipped with domestic ten-speed mechanical gearboxes. Now most modifications of this all-wheel drive truck are equipped with a nine-speed licensed manual transmission ZF 9. The unit is equipped with a spare steering pump, which ensures uninterrupted operation of the power steering (power steering). The ZF 9 gearbox consists of a four-speed gearbox with cam clutches and a range multiplier that doubles the number of gears. The engine and gearbox interact using a diaphragm dry single-plate clutch with a hydraulic drive and a pneumatic booster.

To provide all-wheel drive, KamAZ-43118 is equipped with a two-stage transfer case with a locking center differential and a pneumatic control system.

Power for electronic and electrical devices and circuits of KamAZ-43118 is carried out from two 12-volt batteries, each with a capacity of 190 A/h. In addition, the car is equipped with a voltage regulator and a 28-volt generator with a capacity of two kilowatts.

Suspension and braking system KamAZ-43118

The brake system of a car consists of several elements. The main brakes are drum type with pneumatic drive. Each wheel of all axles is equipped with drums; the drum diameter is 400 millimeters, with a brake lining width of 140 mm. The car is also equipped with auxiliary brakes, used when driving down a long slope or on a slippery road. Most often, auxiliary brakes are used when the vehicle is moving as part of a road train. In addition, KamAZ-43118 is equipped with a parking and backup brake.

The front axle of the KamAZ-43118 is subject to less load, so the suspension here has a fairly simple design. It is based on two semi-elliptical springs, working in conjunction with hydraulic shock absorbers. The rear axle suspension is made according to a similar design, but it is reinforced with additional smaller springs. In addition, the vehicle is equipped with a stabilizer that ensures the safety and stability of the truck when lateral loads occur.

Detailed technical specifications of the car are here: