ZIL-431410: technical characteristics of the car

ZIL 431410 is a unique on-board vehicle , which for more than 40 years was produced by the Moscow Automobile Plant named after. Likhacheva. It is distinguished by increased cross-country ability, so the main purpose when creating the car was driving on difficult terrain and off-road.

Currently, there are many different modifications of trucks developed on the basis of a universal chassis. Among such modified cars in ordinary, civilian life, there is also a fire engine (as well as based on the MZKT-500200).

Scope of application

The ZIL 431410 tractor-truck, which has a 4*2 wheel arrangement, was initially developed as a universal civil and military transport. It was equipped with various types of cargo compartments, including:

KUNGES;
compartments for transporting personnel;
dump bodies for cargo of any type;
tanks for water or other liquids and liquefied gases;
equipment for public works, which turned the ZIL into a prototype of a combined road vehicle.

The military ZIL-431410, distinguished by a cabin painted in a “protective” khaki color, was equipped with some types of weapons. On its basis, vehicles with special technical characteristics were manufactured for special purposes for military needs, for example, airfield service vehicles.

Military ZIL-431410

The ZIL-431410 car was produced in various types of climatic modifications - for subtropics and temperate climates and for the Far North.

Modifications ZIL 431410

ZIL 431410 Kung

The presented model of truck turned out to be so successful that many different modifications were made based on its technical characteristics. The most popular of them is ZIL 431410 KUNG. The abbreviation name in full sounds like “unified body of zero overall size.”

The frame of this sample car is made of channels and angles of different sizes, which are sheathed on top with solid sheets of high-strength metal. Nevertheless, this equipment weighs no more than a ton.

The inside of the KUNG ZIL 131 van body is lined with foam plastic or similar thermal insulation, covered with antiseptic plywood, which improves the technical features of the entire truck as a whole. All existing trucks of this modification, regardless of the purpose of use, have:

ventilation and lighting systems;
heater device;
various bot devices.

A distinctive feature of KUNG 431410 is the presence in the car body of a unique air filtration unit FVUA-1OON-12, which allows air to be taken in everywhere and make it as clean and environmentally friendly as possible.

This created an excess of pressure, which made the space inside the van absolutely safe.

The heater device is completely independent of other components of the vehicle mechanism. Heat is released due to fuel consumption, namely its combustion.

So for 100 km of diesel fuel you will need about 40 liters. This is slightly more than the MAZ-5337. In addition, based on the technical data of the equipment model in question, there are other modifications that differ in better performance:

ARS 14 ZIL 131 – filling station, water carrier;
ZIL 131 V – saddle heavy-duty machine;
ATZ Z – fuel refueling vehicle;
MZ 131 – oil filling vehicle;
ZIL 131 MTO AT – workshop for technical maintenance of equipment;
ATs 40 – fire engine.

ZIL 131 water carrier

Technical specifications

Main technical characteristics of ZIL-431410:

Overall dimensions ZIL-431410

length between the centers of the front and rear wheels - 3800 mm;
total length - 6675 mm;
maximum width (equal to the width of the body) - 2500 mm;
height - 2400 mm;
load capacity - 6 tons;
total weight - 10.4 tons;
maximum speed - 90 km/h;
maximum elevation angle - 31 degrees;
the minimum turning area is 8.9 m.

Engine characteristics

The technical characteristics of the ZIL-431410 engine are as follows:

Diagram of the ZIL-508.10 engine cooling system

engine type - gasoline carburetor (later versions - with electronic injection system);
number of cylinders — 8;
arrangement - V-shaped, classic for Soviet mechanical engineering, mutual angle - 90 degrees;
number of valves — 16;
cooling - liquid;
working volume - 6 l;
maximum power - 150 hp. With.;
speed at which the power limit develops is 3200 rpm;
maximum torque - 401.8 Nm, achieved at a crankshaft speed of 2000 rpm;
The gasoline used is unleaded, with an octane number of 76.

The engine is equipped with an economizer. Later versions of the engine, produced since the late 80s, received an improved VM-21 air filter with paper and ceramic filter elements.

Air filter VM-21 - device

The main method of lubrication is by splashing and pressure.

ZILs with diesel engines were produced on a limited scale (as working prototypes), but they were not put into mass production.

The ZIL-431410 tractor-trailer has a gas tank with a capacity of 170 liters. In this case, fuel consumption is 32 l/100 km at a speed of 80 km/h, 26 l/100 km at a speed of 60 km/h. This speed is “cruising”.

Modifications with built-in gas equipment were produced.

Literature

Brief automobile reference book NIIAT. - M.: Transport, 1967, 1972, 1979, 1982, 1985, 1995.
Borovsky B., Popov M., Pronshtein M. Motorist's reference book. - L.: Lenizdat, 1967, 1973.
Borovsky B. E., Popov M. D. Driver of 2nd and 1st class. - L.: Lenizdat, 1971.
Anokhin V.I. Domestic cars. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1964, 1968.
Car ZIL-130-66 and its modifications. Model 1966. Operating instructions / Moscow Automobile Plant named after. I. A. Likhacheva - M., 1966.
Car ZIL-130 and its modifications. Model 1968. Operating instructions. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1968.
Car ZIL-130 and its modifications. Model 1972. Operating instructions. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1973.
Cars ZIL-130, ZIL-138 and their modifications. Operating manual / Moscow Automobile Plant named after. I. A. Likhacheva - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1985.
ZIL trucks. Maintenance and repair manual. Parts 1, 2. Autoexport. - M.: Vneshtorgizdat, 1982.
Cars ZIL-157K, ZIL-130 and ZIL-131. Military repair manual. - M.: Military Publishing House, 1986.
Details of two-axle trucks ZIL-130. Directory catalogue. - M. Mechanical Engineering, 1973.
ZIL-130, 431410, 131. Maintenance and repair manual. - M.: Publishing house "Third Rome", 2004.
Chassis of the ZIL-130 car / Ed. A. M. Krieger. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1973.
Automotive engine ZIL-130 / Ed. A. M. Krieger. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1973.
Zubarev A. A. Adjustment of the ZIL-130 car. - M.: Transport, 1964, 1969.
Zarubin A. G., Zubarev A. A., Semenkov P. L., Khmelinin B. F. ZIL cars. - M.: Transport, 1971.
Design changes to ZIL vehicles. Addition to instructions. Issues 26, 27, 28. - M., 1971.
Rabinovich L. Sh., Kovalev A. I., Adamenko S. A. Catalog of products of main and pilot production / Ed. A. S. Melik-Sarkisyants. - Mytishchi Machine-Building Plant, 1984.
NIINavtoprom. Automotive catalogue. Part 1. Trucks. - M., 1981.
Technical means of rear services: Directory. - M.: Voenizdat, 1979.
Operating manual for gas-cylinder vehicles running on compressed natural gas. RD-200-RSFSR-12-0185-83 / Ministry of Road Transport of the RSFSR.
Klennikov E.V., Martirov O.A., Krylov M.F. Gas-cylinder vehicles: technical operation. - M.: Transport, 1986.
E. G. Grigoriev, B. D. Kolubaev, V. I. Erokhov. Gas-cylinder cars. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1989.
GOST 5.979-71 Truck tractor ZIL-130 and its modifications. Requirements for the quality of certification products: standard / State. com. standards of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. - Official ed. — Enter. from 07/01/71. - M.: Standards Publishing House, 1971.
Kochnev E. Cars of the Soviet Army 1946-1991.
ZIL-130 with “six” // Behind the wheel. - 1976. - No. 11. - P. 17.
Razinchev N. Five for six // Behind the wheel. - 1977. - No. 6. - P. 4-5.
Pevtsov V.B. How the ZIL-130 was created.
Kolevatov A. One hundred and thirtieth // Automotive modeling. - 2002. - No. 6. - P. 2-8.
ZIL-130 - half a century in history // Truck-press. - 2006. - No. 12.
One hundred and thirty - the most popular truck of the era of stagnation // Avtotruk. - 2003. - No. 3.

Transmission parameters

Transmission specifications:

The gearbox that the ZIL-431410 is equipped with is mechanical, with the standard 5 steps forward and 1 reverse. All stages, except the first, are equipped with synchronizers.
The clutch is single-disc, friction, with a mechanical release drive. Drive axle - rear, 2 cardan shafts.
The design of the main gear differs in different modifications - it is either single, hypoid, or double, with a spur and helical pair.

Brake system

ZIL-431410 trucks were produced in two versions: with a single-circuit and, since 1986, with a multi-circuit braking system. There was no difference in the indexing of cars. One modification can be distinguished from another by the instrument panel in the driver's cabin - in the version with multi-circuit brakes it is improved (a number of additional sensors and alarms have been installed). The technical characteristics of the multi-loop circuit are generally similar to the simpler version.

The main brakes are drum brakes, the parking brake is pneumatically driven. Both types of brake systems include spring energy accumulators and an alcohol-based anti-condensation fuse. The rear brake caliper is reinforced.

Manual

The operating instructions establish the following maintenance intervals:

every 4000 km, carry out work in accordance with the TO-1 regulations;
every 16,000 km, perform a set of TO-2 works.

A deviation during maintenance of 500-1000 km is allowed. It is also planned to carry out seasonal maintenance (autumn and spring), which consists of replacing process fluids. Before preparing for winter operation, you should drain the sediment from the fuel tanks and disconnect the oil cooler from the engine lubrication circuit. If the cooling system is filled with water, then it is replaced with a liquid like Tosol 40 or 65, which has a service life of 2 years.

Frequency of maintenance of mounted units (with overhaul and replacement of worn parts):

fluid supply pump to the hydraulic booster - 90 thousand km;
starter and compressor of the pneumatic system - 100 thousand km;
generator - 150 thousand km.

When operating a truck in difficult conditions at temperatures below -30°C, you should adhere to the following rules:

use motor and transmission oil suitable for use in the Far North;
fill the cooling system with antifreeze liquid;
Before starting to drive, warm up the engine and components from external heat sources;
until the transmission is completely warmed up, move at a speed of 5-8 km/h;
when accelerating, avoid jerks and sudden gear changes;
cover the radiator and battery box with a heat-insulating cover;
when parked overnight, take the battery into a warm room;
use wheel chocks to keep the truck parked;
After a trip, drain the condensate from the brake system receivers.

Electrical system

Starter CT130A3 for ZIL-431410 car

The ZIL-431410 electrical system includes a starter, generator and battery as standard. The operating voltage of the battery is 12, not 24 V, as on other trucks.

The frontal lighting system consists of two running headlights (each with 2 filaments, for high and low beam), two turn signals and two sidelights that expand the cone of illumination.

The electrical system has undergone more changes over time than other subsystems on this truck. New electronic components appeared, for example, an injection control system, an electronic economizer control subsystem, an electronic maximum speed limiter, etc.

Cabin structure

The ZIL-431410 cabin is all-metal, three-seater. All design characteristics coincide with the cabin from the ZIL-130.

The driver's seat is adjustable in three positions. Double seats for passengers are non-adjustable.

Salon ZIL-431410

The standard equipment includes a heater, windshield washer and windshield wiper with two frame-type wipers. The steering wheel has a hydraulic booster.

The driver's seating position is high. The seat has a high (for a truck) level of comfort.

There is no plastic or materials other than metal in the cabin trim. The devices are analogue, “pointer” type. The windows of most instruments, except for the speedometer, are small.

There are no airbags. A horizontal metal handle for passengers is mounted on the right side of the cabin. Between the handle and the steering wheel there is a “glove box”.

Early modifications of this truck had a technical ventilation hatch on the roof. It was later considered ineffective and removed, but the stamping on the roof remained.

Video on the topic: Auto-drive ZIL-130

Publications on the topic

General description and technical characteristics of ZIL 130

Instructions for self-adjustment of ZIL 130 valves

Technical and quality characteristics of the ZIL-5301 car

Analogues of this truck

There are a large number of offers for cargo transport on the secondary market. If a carrier needs to purchase a multifunctional truck at a reasonable price, then he can choose several models at once. The ZIL 130 and GAZ 53A models are considered similar to the 431410 configuration. In the photo you can see the similarities between these modifications. They have approximately the same dimensions, but are designed for different load capacities and are characterized by unique features.

Be sure to read: ZIL 157 preserved in military units