The largest BelAZ: review, technical characteristics. BelAZ-75710

The article will focus on the world's largest dump truck - BelAZ-75710, which has a load capacity of 450 tons. The first copy was released in 2013. This car was created by order of the Siberian Business Union holding company. For the first time, operation was carried out at the Chernigovets coal mine. Already in 2014, this truck was able to set a Guinness record, becoming the most load-lifting vehicle in Europe and the CIS countries. He was able to transport a mass of 500 tons across the test site. In order to purchase this car, you need to spend about 10 billion dollars. The largest BelAZ is still in production today.

Specifications

This car received a diesel electric power plant. The two diesel engines have a power of more than 1,700 kW, that is, 2,300 horsepower. An electric generator is installed, as well as wheel motors. The traction unit of a mining BelAZ is capable of working with four motor wheels and two generators. The power of each is 1700 kW, and the wheel motor is 1200 kW. The suspension is of the hydropneumatic type. The shock absorbers have a diameter of 18 cm. The car has two fuel tanks, each with a capacity of 2800 liters. The maximum speed of the car is 67 km/h. About 1300 liters are consumed per 100 km.

Tire weight and overall dimensions

For the world's largest BelAZ dump truck, model 75710, tires are used that have the following indicators:

• The weight of a BelAZ tire is 5300 kilograms, of which about 900 kilograms weigh only the metal parts;
• The height of one tire is just over four meters;
• Diameter is 63 inches;
• The price is about 60 thousand dollars* per unit.

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This huge wheel can operate with a load of about one hundred tons. Therefore, it contains a large amount of steel for strength and durability. But the main material is rubber, the amount of which is enough to create more than 600 tires for passenger cars.

Why was it created

At the first glance at the BelAZ-75710, many people have a question: “Why was it created?” The vehicle’s devices have significant overall dimensions, so few people understand why such a huge dump truck is needed. Many people assume that two smaller trucks can easily be used to transport large amounts of cargo.

This dump truck, as already written above, was created to order. At that time, to work in a quarry in the Kemerovo region, a giant machine was needed, so in 2013 the first car with this name appeared. What are the dimensions of BelAZ?

Story

As a result of the global economic crisis, the profitability of mining has fallen, and a need arose for a mining dump truck, the operation of which would reduce the cost of transporting cargo. To minimize the estimated cost of transportation, the designers decided to build a truck with the highest possible load capacity. The design began with a search for the largest tires available in production. Next, it was necessary to select a truck control system. Of the two possibilities: a system with swing axles and an articulated one, we chose the first one, since otherwise the hinge would have been too large, and besides, if it failed, the truck would no longer be repairable[1][2].

Construction of the first copy was completed in the fall of 2013, the presentation took place at the BelAZ test site at the end of September. The customer of the dump truck was the Siberian Business Union holding[4]. The first dump truck produced since December 2014 has been in operation at the Chernigovets coal mine in the city of Berezovsky, Kemerovo region[6].

The second dump truck produced, as of spring 2022, has been running in and testing at the plant for two years. As of September 2022, the third copy is fully assembled and ready for testing. All three vehicles are intended for use in Russia. The fourth copy with index 75711[7] is being assembled.

Dimensions and uniqueness

Its length is 20 m, width 9 m, height 8 m, and its carrying capacity, as indicated in the passport, was 450 tons. However, during tests that were carried out in 2014, this vehicle was able to travel with a load of 50 tons more. If you are interested in how much the BelAZ weighs, then the weight of the car is about 360 tons, if we talk about the equipped one. Total weight is about 900 tons. Even with the fact that the car has such gigantic dimensions, it still cannot be called clumsy, since its turning radius is only 45 m. The uniqueness of this dump truck is that diesel engines are not needed here to turn the gearbox shaft. Please note that there is no gearbox to move the car. The car is driven by traction electric motors.

So the largest dump truck in the world is a hybrid. It is so high that you can easily walk under the car and examine its underside.

Tire weight and overall dimensions

For the world's largest BelAZ dump truck, model 75710, tires are used that have the following indicators:

• The weight of a BelAZ tire is 5300 kilograms, of which about 900 kilograms weigh only the metal parts;
• The height of one tire is just over four meters;
• Diameter is 63 inches;
• The price is about 60 thousand dollars* per unit.

This huge wheel can operate with a load of about one hundred tons. Therefore, it contains a large amount of steel for strength and durability. But the main material is rubber, the amount of which is enough to create more than 600 tires for passenger cars.

BelAZ on standard wheels

The outer diameter of the tires, which is 4.03 meters, is currently the maximum possible and economically feasible.

Assembly

When creating the BelAZ-75710, no one tried to make this car smaller or more compact, so all the parts are located as accurately as possible and installed just perfectly. For example, two main motors are located transversely. The total is about 5 thousand horsepower.

The two engines that were installed in the car have a volume of 65 liters each. They are needed to ensure that generators operate without interference and generate current for the electric motor. Diesels are necessary for the normal functioning of the hydraulic system. Each motor has its own generator. Most of the systems that ensure the operation and functionality of motors are of an independent type.

Sometimes drivers report that the device can only run on one engine in order to maximize fuel economy. Accordingly, the second diesel engine starts working if necessary. You should not believe this information. In principle, this operating scheme is quite probable, even with the size of the BelAZ, but it was not implemented at the plant. However, there are plans for such implementation.

The generators are designed to generate current for the electric motors that are located inside the wheels. Many professional drivers know that a combination of such generators and engines is called a traction unit. However, it is not produced in Belarus. Each electric motor of the BelAZ car received a power of 1600 horsepower, so the total power is 6520 hp. With. This type of transmission is called electromechanical.

There is also a power control cabinet located on the deck.

With a big heart

This car is driven by a complex hybrid system with four Siemens electric motors, which are powered by two MTU DD 16V4000 diesel generators, each producing 2,330 horsepower. An empty BelAZ-75710 uses only one of the “diesels”, but to move with a full load it requires 9313 Nm of torque (at 1500 rpm) and every one of its 4660 “horses”. By the way, we are talking about Russian ungulates: engines are the brainchild of . The weight of each of the two 16-cylinder engines is 60,000 kg, length is 9.5 meters, width is 2.8 meters, height is 3.9 meters. In general, if you take them out, then the average family can comfortably live in the engine compartment. Moreover, if you fill the body with soil, you can build a vegetable garden there and still have room for a country house.

Brake system

The brake system is UVTR type. The disc brake wheels are hydraulically driven. However, you need to understand that such brakes will not be able to hold such a car in one place (considering how much the BelAZ weighs), so the manufacturer added another dynamic type braking system. Here, the electric motor is also working and moving and stopping.

When the braking system operates, heat is generated. Accordingly, it must be removed from the car, so the manufacturer added cooling of the braking resistors to the design.

Wheels

The BelAZ wheels perform well, responding well to steering movement. The installed tires on this dump truck also deserve praise. They are created by Bridgestone. As a rule, such tires are not chosen for light cars, but for the largest BelAZ it is just right.

Any driver should understand that fiddling with such large wheels is a rather tedious and difficult task. Therefore, the manufacturer made sure that if the traction motors break down, they can be repaired without removing the wheels. Such characteristics are important for those people who will conduct activities related to the use of such a dump truck. The wheels can only be removed with a crane, and this is a rather time-consuming task. These parts cope well with heavy weight. Details about the carrying capacity of the BelAZ have been written earlier.

He has the coolest wheels in the world

The new BelAZ is equipped with special Bridgestone Titan tires. Each of them weighs 5,300 kg, has a height of 4 meters (size 59/80R63), can take a weight of 101.6 tons and costs $42.5 thousand. There are 8 wheels in total, so we get a total load of 812.8 tons.

From this number we must immediately subtract the weight of the dump truck itself - 360 tons. The result is 450 tons - exactly what the BelAZ-75710 can take on board according to the project. “What about the record of 503.5 tons?”, you ask? Yes, you understood everything correctly - this is an excess. But everyone loves records, and besides, which of our vehicles has driven without overload at least once, huh? :).

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Dump truck deck

The car has a second floor - a deck. It is located next to the cabin where the driver is located. The latter is called the operator in this machine.

When going up to the second floor, you will notice a metal cabinet, which is the control panel. All the electrics are here and, importantly, its most important part is the transmission. Next to it is a system that provides cooling for the resistors.

Behind the control cabin is the integrated part of the hydraulic system, that is, the combination of the steering, braking system and a special tilting mechanism.

There is a container in the middle of the deck that is hard to miss. The top of the tank is visible. This is exactly how the cooling system is designed. Unfortunately, it is impossible to install the tank on the lower tier, where the rest of the structure is, so it was placed so high.

Fans and radiators can be seen in the rear of the cabin. There are rear view mirrors which may seem quite small at first. However, up close they are the same size as the house mirrors in the hallway. We are talking only about the left mirror, since the right one is really small. Doors open against the direction of travel. This is convenient for both the driver and the passenger.

Control

The largest BelAZ is quite standard in handling, but many are confused by the presence of three pedals and a gear selector.

First, you need to remember that there is no checkpoint here. The selector is necessary in order to set the direction of movement of the car. To the right of it is a special body control. But why the third pedal? She is responsible for the brake. In the center there is a pedal for the hydraulic brake, and in order to avoid using the clutch lever (which was abandoned), another electrodynamic brake pedal is installed.

It is worth recalling that this vehicle can only be driven by a person who has not only cargo category C, but also a special BelAZ operator’s license.

It should be noted that the BelAZ steering wheel has quite ordinary characteristics, its parts and components are also standard and do not differ in any way from the design on other cars. When purchasing this dump truck, you will notice that it does not have headlights. They are not installed at the factory, although the wiring is done. After checking its functionality, the structure is immediately removed. This is done because immediately after delivery of the car to the customer, the car will still have to be disassembled, so there is no point in installing optics. The buttons located to the right of the steering column are responsible for the transmission, operation of diesel engines, windshield wipers and heated windows. There is also a special control unit that is responsible for the operation of the heating and air conditioning functions.

He lifts the most

Quarry excavators appeared in the early 30s of the last century. Even then, they were better than trucks - they handled difficult terrain better, had a bucket body with a protective visor for the driver, and carried much more cargo on board.

Today, several brands compete in the dump truck market - Caterpillar, Liebherr, Terex, Euclid, Hitachi, Komatsu and BelAZ. But three years ago, the Belarusians beat everyone at once. On January 22, 2014, BelAZ-75710 “lifted” a load of 503 tons and 505 kg, which is 140 kg more than the previous record.

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Source

Interesting Facts

This car is designed in such a way that the load on each wheel is the same. The suspension travel is small, so if the driver sees some kind of obstacle in front of him, he will need to stop and somehow remove it. The dump truck is unlikely to overcome it. It should be noted: in order for such a vehicle to move as smoothly as possible, it is necessary to prepare the ground.

As additional characteristics of the BelAZ, it should be noted that it has an automatic fire extinguishing system, as well as tire pressure monitoring. There is also a lubrication system, it is automatic. Built-in cargo loading control system. Thanks to the electrodynamic braking system, you can safely save the life of the pads. In addition, the braking system works almost instantly. When a person switches from full traction to braking mode, the car adjusts in a second. Due to the fact that there is no classic gearbox, you can make uniform acceleration without switching.

The BelAZ's carrying capacity of 400 tons is truly impressive. At a higher mass, all systems operate stably.

Tires for Belaz

Tires for Belaz differ in size depending on the load capacity of the vehicle. The range of Belazov's carrying capacity starts from 30 tons to 450 tons.

Below is a table of tire sizes for Belaz depending on load capacity.

* Tire diameter depends on tread depth. For example, the BRIDGESTONE VMTP and VFT tire size 27.00 49 have different tread depths, VMTP E4, VFT E3. As a result, the calculated difference in diameter between these two tire models reaches (83-44) * 2 = 78 mm, and the actual one is 2708-2647 = 61 mm.

** The weight of tires depends not only on the manufacturer, the caracas tire production technology has a huge influence on the weight of the tire, so a bias-ply tire will be noticeably heavier than a radial one, and the rubber mixture (the chemical composition of the compound) also has a significant impact. A rubber compound with a low TKVH, which has high protection against cuts, significantly increases the weight of the wheel compared to a rubber compound with a high TKVH, designed for long running lengths.

So for the BRIDGESTONE VMTP tire size 24 00 R35:

• at TKHF = 388, the tire weight is 832 kg,
• at TKHF = 453, the tire weight is 811 kg.

*** Tire prices are indicative for reference only, and correspond to brands such as Belshina and Chinese tires; imported tires such as Michelin and Goodyear will cost much more. The price for a large-size KGSh tire is given on an individual basis, since today there is a huge shortage in the OTR tire market in Russia and Kazakhstan starting from sizes 24.00-35 and above.

Overclocking and resource

With an electromechanical transmission, accelerating in such a car will be quite easy and safe, since it is unlikely that anything can break here. There is no friction between parts, which means wear and damage are practically minimal.

Judging by customer reviews, you can see that such machines are capable of driving more than 900 thousand km in a quarry. In reality, many traveled more than a million. Although in fact, according to the manufacturer, the service life of this machine is calculated in engine hours, not kilometers. The maximum speed of the largest BelAZ is 64 km/h.

Design features, area of ​​use

A specific feature of the BelAZ-75131 truck, as well as similar Belarusian special equipment, is an electromechanical transmission. Thus, the traction force in this special equipment is generated not with the help of the torque of the motor, but with the help of electric motors that are built into the wheels. An electromechanical type transmission is used, produced by the BelAZ plant.

This quarry heavyweight is designed for the transportation of minerals in loose form along the technological path of a quarry or open-pit mining of minerals, including those located in places with difficult climate conditions.

The technical characteristics of the BelAZ 130 tons make it possible to effectively use this vehicle for a large project for the construction of a production or hydraulic facility, as well as for the construction of a large-scale trunk line or for a process workshop at a giant processing plant.