BelAZ Mining dump truck 75306 - technical specifications and description

Technical characteristics of BELAZ-75306

The dump truck is equipped with a Cummins QSK 60-C 4-stroke 16-cylinder diesel engine with an electronic control system and gas turbine supercharging. It is cooled by a dual-circuit liquid system with forced circulation. The air is purified in three stages (filter elements are dry type), and exhaust gases exit through the body. The power plant is lubricated by a pressure circulation system using a “wet” type pan. There is a liquid preheating system.

Engine Specifications

The dump truck is equipped with an electromechanical transmission with variable-direct current electric drive and a planetary double-row gearbox of motor-wheels. Traction generators can be installed in the following models: SGTM-1400-8, GST-1600 or GSN-1600/8. Traction electric motors are also offered to choose from: DK-724S, EK-735A or EDP-800.

The dependent suspension for the front axle and drive axle is equipped with trailing arms, which are equipped with a central hinge. The steering is hydrostatic; the front wheels are steerable (their steering angle is 39 degrees).

Photo source: belaz.by Pictured is a BELAZ-75306 dump truck

The integrated hydraulic system of BELAZ-75603 is equipped with a two-section axial piston oil pump of variable capacity (maximum value is 698 dm3/min at 1,900 rpm).

Technical characteristics of the hydraulic system

The service braking system is represented by dry disc brakes with automatic clearance adjustment on the front and rear wheels. The parking brake (permanently closed, spring driven and hydraulically controlled) is installed on the rear wheels. Electrodynamic braking by traction motors with forced cooling of resistors is used as an auxiliary system.

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The BELAZ-75306 has a double cab with two doors and an adjustable air-sprung driver's seat. There is also a seat for the passenger. The noise level in the cabin does not exceed 80 dB.

The standard equipment includes video surveillance systems, fire extinguishing systems with remote activation, auto-central lubrication, telemetric tire pressure monitoring, fuel and load monitoring, a high-voltage line proximity alarm device and a heating and air conditioning unit.

New mining dump trucks of the BELAZ-7530 series

In the period from 1992 to 1994, OJSC BELAZ manufactured the first pilot batch of BELAZ-7530 series dump trucks with a load capacity of 220 tons. And today, according to experts, out of the entire extensive line of BELAZOV vehicles, dump trucks of this family are perhaps one of the most popular on the market. And in terms of the totality of technical characteristics and performance results, they are in many ways superior to their competitors.

When creating 220-ton dump trucks, the company’s specialists took into account the rich experience in designing and operating the predecessors of the BELAZ-7521 series dump trucks with a load capacity of 170-190 tons, which served as the basis for the development of a future reliable competitive vehicle.

Mining dump truck BELAZ-75306 with a lifting capacity of 220 tons

Over time, with growing interest in BELAZ-7530 series machines, the geography of their supplies has increased. Over the entire history of its creation, 220-ton trucks produced by the Belarusian Automobile Plant were delivered to countries such as Russia, China, Australia, Latin America, and South Africa. Subsequently, new modifications of the machines were built, differing from the first samples in certain design features. At the request of consumers, the company began to produce dump trucks of several modifications and designs, depending on the configuration, operating conditions, and the presence of additional systems.

Technical features

Mining dump trucks of the BELAZ-7530 series are two-axle technological machines with a lifting capacity of 220 tons with a rigid cast-welded frame and a body with rear unloading, with a 4x2 wheel arrangement, front steered and rear driven wheels. Dump trucks of this series are designed for transportation of overburden rocks and minerals in open-pit mines, soil and other bulk cargo off public roads, and are designed for operation in difficult mining conditions of quarries of various depths and configurations.

BELAZ-7530 series mining dump truck in Serbia

The dump trucks are equipped with diesel, four-stroke engines from Cummins QSK60-C or MTU DD 16V4000 with a V-shaped cylinder arrangement, direct fuel injection, gas turbine supercharging and intercooling of charge air with a power of 1715 kW (2300 hp) at 1900 rpm.

The engines are equipped with pneumatic or electric starting, dry 3-stage air filters with automatic dust removal. To facilitate engine starting in the cold season, the dump truck is equipped with a coolant pre-heater and a coarse filter with a fuel heating function.

Exhaust gases are released through heat-insulated pipelines and metal hoses of an original design into a gas receiver for heating the cargo platform or mufflers without platform heating for countries with hot climates.

The series mining dump trucks are equipped with an electromechanical transmission (EMT). The block diagram of a power unit with an EMT includes a diesel engine driving a traction generator, which generates current, which in turn drives electric motors. Through final drives, torque is transmitted to the wheels of the dump truck (motor-wheel system). The control system ensures the operation and monitoring of the condition of all components of the traction electric drive.

Over time, demands began to appear from customers to reduce the cost of maintaining the elements of an AC traction electric drive and especially DC electric motors in terms of replacing brushes and servicing the brush-commutator assembly. The rapid development of power semiconductor devices has led to the creation of reliable frequency converters and the possibility of using AC electric motors on dump trucks. Currently, BELAZ OJSC, along with mining dump trucks with AC drive, produces several models with AC EMT from various manufacturers. The ratio of the power and speed characteristics of the traction electric drive made it possible to bring the vehicle characteristics closer to the parameters of an ideal theoretical continuously variable transmission, which does not require gear shifting; the current and voltage supplied to the traction electric motors determine the torque and speed of the dump truck, ensuring a smooth change in power while driving.

A modern drive control system provides the ability to influence not only the traction electric drive, but also the diesel engine, which allows the formation of traction characteristics that are optimally combined with the characteristics of the diesel engine. Ultimately, this allows you to reduce fuel consumption when operating the dump truck. The absence of a brush-collector unit allows reducing operating costs for servicing the dump truck. The use of braking resistors with a total power of 2.4 MW allows you to maintain a constant speed of 15 km/h on a 16% descent, which helps to increase the productivity of the truck.

The high specific power of the power plant and the use of a fourth-generation AC electric drive on 220-ton trucks allows dump trucks to reach speeds of up to 60 km/h.

Dimensions and load capacity

Drawing of the BELAZ-75306 dump truck

Operation and repair manual

Trucks can only be operated on paved roads with a slope of no more than 8%. The truck speed on sloped areas should not exceed 25 km/h. The vehicles can be used in conjunction with an excavator with a bucket volume of 6-8 m³. The height of the rock falling onto the platform should be no more than 2.5 m, and the weight of the rock should not be more than 2.5 tons.

Only those drivers who have studied the design and operating instructions of the truck are allowed to drive a dump truck. Drivers must have a driving license. It is necessary to follow the rules for operating equipment, using lubricants, regular maintenance and repairs.

If there are signs of steering malfunction, they must be eliminated or parts replaced. If an axle malfunctions, you need to reduce the load on it. If a hydraulic system safety valve malfunctions, the valve must be replaced. If the control response is slow when turning the steering wheel, the pump needs to be repaired or replaced. If the truck shifts when moving to the side, then the linkage is damaged, it must be replaced and the front wheels checked.

If air got into the hydraulic system, it could be due to a low oil level, a pump malfunction, or air entering through the seal. In this case, it is necessary to identify and eliminate the existing malfunction. If the steering springs are damaged, they should be replaced. If the hydraulic cylinder rod is bent, it must be replaced. If the steering mechanism system is worn out, replace the steering unit. If the rotation occurs slowly, it means that the hydraulic cylinder piston seal has worn out.

The seal needs to be replaced. If the steering wheel turns freely without any response from the wheels, then the hoses are damaged and must be replaced. If the steering wheel jams, it means that dirt has gotten into the spool pair. It is necessary to disassemble the steering unit and wash the parts. If the steering wheel vibrates, the control pipeline is not connected correctly; its connection must be corrected.

If the brakes are not effective enough, the linings may be worn out and need to be replaced.

If the piston of the brake unit is jammed, the problem must be eliminated. Poor brake performance can be caused by a large gap between the brake disc and the linings.

If the pads are oily, then the brake valve has worn out. In this case, you need to adjust the gap. If there is a sharp drop in pressure when braking, then you need to reduce the pressure. If the nitrogen pressure in the accumulator has dropped, this may be caused by a leak in the seal between the oil and gas cavities. You need to check for leaks using soap foam. If a leak is detected, repair the damaged connection.

The engine cooling system must maintain the required fluid temperature. If this temperature is not maintained, then there is not enough coolant volume, scale deposits have occurred, the radiators are dirty, the thermostats or the water pump are faulty. In this case, it is necessary to flush the engine cooling system and, if necessary, replace the coolant.

Device

The trucks are equipped with an electromechanical transmission. To create traction, an electric motor installed in the chassis system is used. The transmission consists of:

• generator;
• gearboxes assembled with electric motors;
• braking resistor block;
• adjustment mechanism;
• ventilation unit.

A truck of this model is used for transporting bulk rocks and mining minerals. The vehicle can be used in areas with difficult terrain and unfavorable climate. The design of the truck allows it to be used on large construction sites, during the construction of power lines, and at ore processing enterprises.

In the early 80s, BelAZ produced 6,000 dump trucks per year. These cars received medals at international competitions and were exported to many countries around the world. In the 80s, machines with a lifting capacity of 280 tons were created.

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Characteristics of BelAZ-75131: load capacity 136 tons, it uses advanced instrumentation and electromechanical transmission.

Analogues of BelAZ

Belarusian-made mining dump trucks can be found not only in the vast expanses of the former USSR, but also in Europe, China, Africa, South and North America. BelAZ's competitors include the famous giants Komatsu, Caterpillar, Liebherr, and Hitachi. All of them have mining dump trucks of different payloads in their product line.

In addition, there are specialized companies such as Terex trucks (again owned by the Volvo Group), the Indian enterprise BEML, the Italian Astra and Perlini. Chinese engineering enterprises, especially large ones - Sany, XCMG - are also actively promoting mining dump trucks on the world market.

Author: TECHNOmagazine
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Specifications

The technical characteristics of the BelAZ-75131 vehicle meet modern requirements.

1. Load capacity is 136 tons.
2. Engine KTA 50-S with a power of 1194 kW.
3. Torque - 6292 Nm, specific fuel consumption - 207.2 g/kWh.
4. Tires - 33.00R51.
5. AC-DC transmission.
6. Traction generator GST-800. Power - 800 kW.
7. Traction electric motor TAD-5. Power - 600 kW.
8. A double-row planetary gearbox is installed.
9. Hydraulic brakes.
10. Body volume - from 40 to 103 m³.
11. Turning radius - 13 m.
12. Dimensions - 12050x7350x5900 mm.
13. The weight of the dump truck is 107.1 tons.
14. Speed ​​- 50 km/h.

BelAZ-75710: strongmen enter the arena

BelAZ-75710 is the largest truck on the planet and the flagship of the world mining fleet, and is already listed in the Guinness Book of Records. The giant was introduced a year ago, then he was tested, and in August of this year he began transporting coal in the Kuzbass - in the giant Chernigovets open-pit mine.

The largest car in the world is BelAZ-75710. Load capacity 450 tons. Manufactured by JSC BelAZ, Zhodino (Belarus). In Russia since August 2014. The price has not been disclosed.

Any of the characteristics of a supergiant are impressive. BelAZ-75710 is not only 450 tons of cargo in the back and almost 4600 power from two MTU DD16 V4000 diesel engines, but also 5600 liters of fuel on board, 538 liters of engine oil and 1800 liters of hydraulic fluid!

UNIT ASSEMBLY

Assembling a mining dump truck is not assembling a passenger car. It is necessary to find a compromise between all the parameters of an unusual car. Base, width, height, units and components, geometric features of the quarry - this is not a complete list. But Belarusian designers have plenty of experience.

The first thing that made the giant's developers dance was the tires! Their load-bearing capacity determines everything else. The BelAZ-75710 has eight Bridgestone tires of the gigantic size 59/80R63. They are the largest in the world. One such tire weighs 5.5 tons!

Engineers then selected a control scheme. For mastodons, and even with a double-pitch front tire, the traditional design with front turning wheels is not suitable. There are only two options: an articulated frame and swing axles. In the first case, the hinge joint would have to experience hellish loads and the hinge would grow to incredible sizes. Therefore, they began to work with the second scheme.

In developed quarries, there are dimensional restrictions tied, first of all, to the width of technological roads. Since the BelAZ-75710 had to travel on roads designed for “compact” 360-, 320- and 220-ton dump trucks, the customer’s requirements for the turning radius were very strict.

The developers call the design with swing axles “upside down excavator.” In an excavator, the chassis is stationary, and the body rotates, but in the BelAZ, the body remains stationary, and the axles located under the frame rotate.

When we chose the control scheme, we took up the frame, which has nothing in common with the traditional “ladder” of ordinary trucks - for quarry workers it has a completely different shape. But the 450-ton giant has a unique frame and is not at all similar to the design of other heavyweights.

Mine dump truck MoAZ-75851

The Mogilev Automobile Plant introduced MoAZ-6401-9585 dump trucks for underground work in 1970 and since then has been the main supplier of dump trucks for mines and tunnel builders.

The premiere of the 50-ton MoAZ-75851 (4x4) mine dump truck with an articulated frame was timed to coincide with the 70th anniversary of BELAZ. Cummins QSX-15 turbodiesel with 535 hp. (399 kW) and hydromechanical transmission. The geometric volume of the platform is 22.8 m3, and the nominal capacity does not exceed 27.6 m3.

The curb weight is 35.5 tons, and the gross weight is 85.5 tons. The turning radius of the heavy truck is 9.07 m. The speed of the dump truck is limited to 40 km/h.

Source

Reviews about the BelAZ-75131 car

You cannot find reviews of dump trucks of this brand on the Internet: there are very few of them, and their drivers, and even more so, their owners, apparently do not have the habit of sitting on forums and writing reviews. From the reviews of journalists who drove the BelAZ-75131 (only as passenger observers, only those who have undergone special training are allowed to drive!), the following conclusions can be drawn.

Driving the famous 130-ton truck.

130 or more tons of cargo “behind your back” is serious. It is impossible to pull such a loaded car out of a skid on ice or slippery ground, and there is no way to stop it quickly in an emergency. Therefore, for example, even with a 12 percent slope on the slopes, you are allowed to drive no faster than 24 kilometers per hour.

It’s amazing that a multi-ton dump truck accelerates unexpectedly quickly and smoothly, with no pauses during acceleration, thanks to a specific transmission. Only a few seconds pass, and the BelAZ-75131 already reaches its maximum speed. True, it is only 48 kilometers per hour. But this technology has completely different, highly specialized tasks.

BelAZ-75589 with Chinese Weichai 12M33 engine

In 2018, the Belarusian Automobile Plant assembled the first sample of a 90-ton BelAZ-75589 mining dump truck, equipped with a Chinese Weichai turbodiesel.

The heavy truck received a 39.6-liter Weichai 12M33 (Stage IIIB), developing a power of 1103 hp. (882 kW) and maximum torque of 5400 N.m in the range of 1300–1400 rpm. The engine is combined with a traction generator, which drives two electric motors installed in the wheel hubs.

Previously, the BelAZ-7558 series of 90-ton dump trucks used exclusively Cummins diesel engines with a power of 1050 hp. Now, with the advent of a more powerful and less expensive Chinese engine in the lineup, customers have an alternative.

If Chinese engines perform well and attract the attention of miners, then in the future Weichai may become one of the main suppliers for the Zhodino automobile plant.