KS 3575A is a truck crane mechanism of the previous generation, in demand during the Soviet era. It has a flexible and versatile design, adapted to the most demanding tasks, including today. Due to this, this device is still popular - largely due to its accessibility and maintainability, as well as high functionality. The great potential of the KS 3575A can be revealed in the professional field, including the economic, public utilities and construction industries. Despite the relatively outdated design, this truck crane has many advantages that were conceived by Soviet engineers for many years to come.
Description and purpose
The KS 3575A is based on the automobile chassis of the ZIL-133 GYA truck, popular in the USSR, which is a modified version of the ZIL-130 model. The crane installation received technical innovations of that time, which laid the foundation for the further development of advanced domestic developments. The functionality of the KS 3575A includes changing the location of cargo. In fact, any truck crane has this capability. However, the model in question is positioned as a multi-purpose truck crane, designed to perform tasks of various sizes - for example, installation of metal structures, buildings, structures and other construction projects, as well as moving bulky technical equipment in a horizontal or vertical position. In addition, the truck crane of the same name can replace a manipulator and be in demand not only in logistics centers, but also when unloading, disassembling and removing rubble. Thus, the huge potential of the KS 3575A can be directed to performing tasks in the hottest spots where special forces of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations operate.
Car history
The legendary ZIL-130 model is familiar to every car enthusiast. However, how successfully this model was produced in the 70s does not make it timeless. Thus, already in the early 1980s, there was a need for additional modifications that would be more practical and productive.
Oddly enough, there were no existing developments, and the existing ones had to be sent to the plant of another manufacturer. There was nothing left to do but reach into a distant drawer for old ideas and frozen projects.
The ZIL-133, or rather its modifications, became such a project. The model itself served more as a prototype and was extremely rare on the roads even at that time.
The changed design and the same body length did not provide any particular advantages; something else was needed. The differences in the size of the wheelbase, the purpose of the chassis and the carrying capacity of subsequent versions played a significant role in strengthening the Soviet automobile industry.
Specifications
- Chassis – ZIL-133 GYA
- Load capacity – 10 tons
- Lifting height – 10.5 meters
- Lowering depth – 4.6 meters
- Boom parameters (reach) – from 2.8 to 7.6 meters
- Speed when lifting and lowering loads – from 0.4 to 10 m/min
- Rotation speed of the rotary mechanism – from 0.6 to 1.6
- Maximum speed – limited to 77 km/h
- Front axle load – 4700 kgf
- Rear axle load – 12473 kgf
- The weight of the crane with the boom is 17 tons.
ZIL-133G40 flatbed truck engine
| Engine model | ZIL-645 | ZIL-6454 |
| engine's type | diesel | diesel |
| Number and arrangement of cylinders | V8 | V8 |
| Working volume, l | 8,74 | 9,56 |
| Compression ratio | 18,5 | 18,7 |
| Power, hp (kW) | 185 (136) at 2800 min.-1 | 200 (147) at 2800 min.-1 |
| Torque, kgf m (Nm) | 52 (510) at 1400-1600 min.-1 | 58 (570) at 1400-1600 min.-1 |
* — When installing a ZIL-6454 engine on a car.
Features of the device and operation
KS-3575 is a universal truck crane that had no analogues in its price category by the standards of the 1960s. The unit is capable of carrying out installation and construction work using various devices, the reliability of which is at a high level. The equipment is also endowed with decent dynamic and acceleration characteristics. This feature allows the truck crane to quickly move from one point to another to perform loading and unloading operations in several places at once, if the need arises.
Two-section boom with a base length of 9.5 meters. In this position, you can appreciate the compact dimensions of the crane unit, which is already one of the smallest machines among medium-tonnage truck cranes. This ensures maneuverability and the ability to move in difficult conditions - not only off-road, but also in city traffic jams. If the head section is extended, the boom length increases to 15.5 meters, providing enormous capabilities when moving loads over long distances, as well as greater height. The telescopic boom is adjusted using a hydraulic cylinder.
Please note that this crane installation was installed on the chassis of many other trucks. In particular, it has proven itself well on the Kraz-250 truck (65101). High demand and use in different models confirm the great potential and capabilities of this crane installation.
The working mechanism of the truck crane of the same name operates due to an individual hydraulic drive, which, in turn, operates due to an axial piston pump. The pump is located directly in the chassis of the vehicle chassis. The efficient and uninterrupted operation of the piston pump is supported by the torque transmitted by the power plant through the gearbox. The gear ratios in a manual transmission are selected to withstand heavy loads.
Hydraulic outriggers and suspension stabilizers are integral structural elements of the truck crane, which are complemented by an automatic distributor.
The KS-3575 truck crane provides the operator with the opportunity to work by combining several working movements, which allows several operations to be performed simultaneously. So, the working movements look like this:
- lifting and lowering loads, as well as rotating the turntable
- lifting and lowering the load, as well as extending/retracting the boom section
- raising or lowering the boom, as well as rotating the turntable
Multifunctional cabin with increased comfort. Inside there is not only a dashboard with ergonomically located levers and switches, but also an autonomous heater that will provide coziness and comfort during the winter season.
The crane installation is equipped with safety elements, among which we can highlight the OGB-3-P-3575 system, which is responsible for limiting the lifting capacity in case the permissible weight of the load being lifted using a telescopic boom is exceeded. In other words, overload protection will work.
Ability to work with or without outriggers.
Ability to work in a circular area and move loads located far from the vehicle chassis. Thanks to this, there is no need to move the chassis.
Chassis and suspension elements
The frame of the car in question consists of a pair of stamped side members. They are connected to each other using special crossbars. The latter elements are very important in the overall behavior of the structure. Rigidity is guaranteed by the special structure of the joints. This is a rather important point, since the first part contains supports for the power unit and related parts, the third cross member contains side members, the fourth element is equipped with channel halves, and the fifth cross member is used to install a towing device.
The front wheels of the ZIL-133G40 have a dependent suspension unit with semi-elliptical longitudinal springs and telescopic shock absorbers. The analogue on the rear wheels consists of dependent balancers with reaction bars and springs. The frame design is a spar, stamped, welded configuration.
ZIL-133 photo
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Standard equipment ZIL-133G40
Clutch
- Single disk.
- The diameter of the driven disk is 380 mm.
- The drive is hydraulic with pneumatic booster.
Transmission
- Nine-speed with rear planetary range.
- Gearbox ratios: first - 11.4
- second - 8.26
- third - 6.10
- fourth - 4.52
- fifth - 3.33
- sixth - 2.48
- seventh - 1.83
- eighth - 1.355
- ninth - 1.00
- reverse — 8.00
Drive axles
- Single-stage, hypoid with a straight-through intermediate axle and center differential.
- The gear ratio is 5.29.
- A gear ratio of 6.33 is possible.
- Interwheel and center differentials are gear-type, bevel with four satellites.
- Center differential lock with pneumatic drive.
Cardan transmission
- Two cardan drives for the middle axle and one for the rear axle.
- Splined connections in the drives of the middle and rear axles.
- Intermediate support in the middle axle drive.
- Five hinges on needle bearings.
Wheels and tires ZIL-133G40
- Disc wheels, 7.0 - 20.
- Tires radial, tube, 260R508 mod. I-N142B1 or M-184.
Steering
- Steering mechanism with hydraulic booster.
- The working pair is a screw with a nut on circulating balls.
- Gear ratio - 20.
Brake system
- Drum-type brakes with two internal shoes and an expansion cam, installed on all wheels.
- Parking brake system with spring energy accumulators.
- The brake drive is pneumatic, separate for the brake mechanisms of the front axle and the bogie axles with an automatic regulator of the braking forces on the bogie axles.
Electrical system
- Single-wire, with a nominal voltage of 12 V.
- Starter voltage 24 V, with electromagnetic traction relay and remote control.
- Two 12 V batteries.
- Alternating current generator with built-in rectifier.
Cabin ZIL-133G40
- Three-seater, two-door.
- The driver's seat is separate and has a suspension mechanism with adjustable stiffness depending on the driver's weight. In addition, the position of the seat in the longitudinal direction, as well as the angles of the backrest and cushion, are adjustable.
- The passenger seat is double non-adjustable.
- Three-brush windshield wiper with electric drive.
- The windshield washer is an electric pump.
Platform
- Wooden with folding sides.
Advantages and disadvantages
The history of the ZIL-133G40 indicates that the vehicle has a number of positive qualities. These include cost-effectiveness of operation. Repairing a truck does not require significant costs, including replacing parts and components. Purchasing components will not be difficult, since they are divided into separate subgroups. In addition, the advantages include ease of maintenance, good cross-country ability and load capacity.
Despite all the advantages, the car has its drawbacks. It does not behave very confidently on completely off-road and snowy areas. Among the disadvantages, poor noise insulation of the interior and the quality of processing of the external parts of the vehicle are also noted. Despite all the features, the ZIL-133G40 truck has proven itself to be a reliable and faithful assistant in various industries, capable of performing clearly defined tasks in any climatic regions.
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