If you monitor the cleanliness of your car, garden or summer cottage, or the area around your home, a high-pressure washer can become an indispensable assistant for you. We will tell you how to choose the right high-pressure washer, taking into account all the nuances and characteristics of devices existing on the market.
A high-pressure washer is a specialized device for cleaning various surfaces from dirt of various complexities using a stream of water supplied under high pressure. The device is useful in cleaning bicycles, motorcycles, cars or heavier equipment. It is also useful in monitoring the cleanliness of equipment for the garden, construction, paths, facades and walls, fences and hedges.
Operating principle of Karcher Full Control series mini washers
Here we will take a closer look at the internal operating diagram of the New series of Full Control miniwashes from Karcher.
Karcher cleaning agent [10]
A cleaning agent is necessary to easily remove dirt from any surface.
High pressure outlet [9]
Under high pressure, a stream of water flows from the outlet hose into the high-pressure gun, and from the gun onto the surface being treated. I would like to remind you that in the new series of Full Control mini-washes, the guns have touch-sensitive operating mode switches, which greatly simplifies the operation of the mini-wash.
Piston (engineer) [8]
In the injector, water supplied under pressure is mixed with Karcher detergent and supplied to the outlet hose.
Pistons and valves
The system consists of three pistons, each of which works progressively, creating pressure in the pump. After which a stream of water under high pressure is supplied to the outlet.
Piston [6]
The piston moves downward in a translational motion, thereby sucking in liquid and interacts with the suction valve [5] , which creates pressure in the piston chamber, releasing a powerful stream of high-pressure water into the injector.
Pressure relief valve [7]
The pressure relief valve is needed to regulate and maintain smooth operation of the system.
Bearings [4]
Bearings transfer the rotational energy of the engine into translational mechanical work of pistons and valves.
Water cooling system [3]
The water cooling system used in Karcher devices protects the electric motor from overheating, which ensures its reliable and durable operation. Karcher, first of all, is German quality and reliability.
Water flow [2]
Input element for supplying water to the mini-wash. Typically, liquid is supplied by connecting a garden hose, but if there is no tap or other source of liquid supply under pressure, in Kärcher Full Control series mini-washes it is possible to draw liquid from a canister, bucket, or other container.
Electric motor [1]
An electric motor is an element of a mini-wash that drives the Karcher mini-wash pump by converting electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Electric motor
The electric motor occupies almost the entire space inside the housing of the hydrodynamic cleaning unit. It also accounts for the bulk of the weight of the entire device. Traditionally, a motor with brushes is installed in the sink. But there are units without brushes. Their fundamental difference is the development of a greater resource and less heating during operation.
One or two fans are installed on the engine axis. They are necessary to cool the “heart” of the washing machine. If two fans are used, one sucks in air from outside, directing it along the rotor. The second is used to exhaust hot air from the opposite end of the engine.
The electric motor shaft is connected to the gearbox. With its help, rotation from the shaft is transmitted to the pump. In both cheap and expensive models of units, the gearbox housing is made of high-strength plastic.
Operating principle of Karcher mini washers
We tried the water. We tried soap. We tried rubbing and scraping. We have tried strong chemicals that do not meet the stated requirements. So when will it be clean?
Discover Karher pressure washers! Nowadays it is difficult to find a person who does not know about Karcher mini-washers. And many of them have already tried this useful invention. Super-powerful hose, a powerful stream of water under pressure approximately 100-200 times higher than the air pressure around us. Now everything shines: courtyards, cars, country furniture, barbecues and everything that can be cleaned of dirt. Let's now take a closer look at how they work!
Don't forget about filtering
Often, a hydraulic cleaning device is connected to a source of industrial water. This means that the liquid may contain various impurities. The use of such water can lead to malfunction and failure of the washing unit.
To prevent negative consequences, it is recommended to add another element to the hydraulic cleaning device - a filter. It should be installed in front of the hose connected to the inlet pipe. And in special cases, experts recommend installing a coarse filter, followed by a second one for fine cleaning.
Why does pressurized jet make things cleaner?
Let's start with the fact that water itself copes well with pollution, and there is a good scientific reason for this. Its molecules have a slight electrical polarity (one end is positively charged and the other negatively charged), so they tend to be attracted to things on their own.
Detergents (soaps, chemicals) help water do its job even better by breaking down oil and fat molecules. But some types of stains just won't budge, no matter how hard you try. Then a high-pressure apparatus will come to the rescue. It uses a narrow stream of high pressure hot or cold water to break down the structure of the dirt. Because water moves quickly, it hits the dirty surface with high kinetic energy, hitting the dirt and dust like thousands of tiny hammer blows.
Water breaks down dirt, but it does not damage even the hardest surfaces. However, it is usually always recommended to test the jet in a safe area. That is why Karcher has released a new series of Full Control mini-washers with a pressure regulator depending on the surface. The handle has surface-designated touch buttons, so your surfaces are now safe!
The pump is the heart of the installation!
In most cases, a piston-axial mechanism with an inclined disk is used. That is, the pistons moving along the cylinders at a certain moment rest against the inclined disk. The hydraulic distributor takes on the function of switching the output of the cylinders. Thus, the disk, rotating around its axis, presses on each of the pistons in turn and thereby creates a high level of outlet pressure (100-200 Bar). Of course, all this only works if the pump is connected to the engine via a gearbox.
The key part in the mechanism is, without a doubt, the pistons, so before purchasing it is important to find out the type of material from which they are made. Ideally, it is ceramic, but hardened steel will do just fine. The case is no less important; in no case should it be made of plastic, only metal, and any steel will be much more reliable than plastic.
Also pay attention to the minimum jet power. For what? Yes, so that there are no problems with the use of chemicals, because few washes can do without them. The fact is that their use at pressures above 30 atmospheres can be dangerous for the paint layer. Look carefully, since most models do not allow their own device to reduce the Bar value.
Design features
To understand how a Karcher works, you first need to understand its structure and design. The sink is a mobile, simple device that is compact in size, takes up little space, and does not require special care and maintenance. The main structural elements of washing equipment:
- electric motor;
- pump (pump);
- water intake hose;
- outlet hose;
- frame;
- network cable;
- nozzle.
The package usually includes several attachments. The performance of the device depends on the power of the electric motor. Let's look at what these elements are responsible for separately.
Operating principle of a check valve
You don't need to be an engineering genius to understand the mechanism and operating principle of a check valve. The essence of the operation of this device is to pass a flow of water flowing under high pressure exclusively in one direction.
Before buying
a high pressure check valve
, take into account one important point: the pressure to open the valve is set at the production stage and during subsequent operation it cannot change. Connecting the device to the hydraulic system:
· the inlet is connected to the pressure line (for high pressure devices this is a pump);
· the reverse side is connected to the actuator line;
· the fluid flow can move absolutely freely in the direction from the pump to the outlet device. When moving in the opposite direction, a shutter occurs;
· standard values for ensuring opening pressure are: 1-3-5-8 bar.
The highest quality products are made of brass and stainless steel. They can withstand high pressure (300-400 Bar) without compromising the integrity of the device. The weight of the products can be 120-180 grams.
Important operating instructions
A high-pressure check valve is indispensable if water is supplied not from a centralized system, but from a separate tank. The pressure is unstable and the risk of water hammer inside the device increases significantly.
You should not save money and purchase solutions from unknown companies. This small item is vital to the full operation of the pressure washer and to ensuring operator safety. It is very important to select a valve that is capable of maintaining the system at a given pressure level.
If the water pressure is higher than the limit value on the protective device (valve), then the outlet pressure will correspond to that of the valve. Naturally, such a device simply cannot work normally. As the pressure inside the unit increases, the wear of functional parts increases. It is strongly recommended that you obtain comprehensive advice from a specialist before purchasing a check valve.
Professionals recommend purchasing check and relief valves from the same manufacturer as the high-pressure apparatus itself.
Source
Top best high pressure washers
| Place | Model | ||
| 1. | KARCHER K 3, 120 bar | Prices | Review |
| 2. | Bort BHR-1600, 120 bar | Prices | Review |
| 3. | Huter W195-Pro | Prices | Review |
| 4. | BOSCH EasyAquatak 120, 120 bar | Prices | Review |
| 5. | Bort BHR-2000-PRO, 150 bar | Prices | Review |
| 6. | KARCHER K 7 Compact (1.447-050.0), 180 bar | Prices | Review |
| 7. | KARCHER K 5 Basic, 145 bar | Prices | Review |
Switch and hoses
The circuit breaker is connected to a pressure sensor. This mechanism is triggered if the sensor signals that the pressure is too high. The electric motor stops urgently. When the pressure in the system is restored, the engine starts and the device again begins to pump and supply water.
Nozzles are connected to the pump. Water enters the sink through the incoming hose. It can be connected to a water supply or placed in a tank of water. A water jet is supplied through the outlet hose and the working fluid is sprayed in the desired direction. A gun with a cutter is installed at its end.
