Front and rear springs for GAZ-66 (Catalogue 1996)

Spring GAZ-66, PAZ-3205 front 66-2902012-03 (9 sheets) L=1610 mm

Front spring 66-2902012-03 is used on GAZ-66 cars and PAZ-3205 buses, as well as on modifications of these cars. The spring is installed on the front axle. The spring is a popular model due to the prevalence of GAZ and PAZ cars.

The suspension of a GAZ car affects a number of factors in the control and movement of the car, these include: handling, stability and load capacity. GAZ and PAZ vehicles are often used on bad roads, in rural areas, on construction sites, as well as in fields, so the reliable suspension of a GAZ vehicle is the key to safe and comfortable movement on any type of surface. Every driver is faced with the choice of suspension elements for his GAZ, and special attention should be paid to the choice of a new spring.

The spring of a GAZ car provides increased movement of the wheel and maintains the serviceability of the suspension, absorbing the energy of the road reaction to the movement of the car. Suspension guide elements, such as hinges, rods, shock absorbers, rods, provide a given path of movement of the wheels relative to the body. With this design, each suspension element performs several functions simultaneously and ensures the reliability of the entire structure.

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When a wheel hits an obstacle, the spring straightens and lengthens due to the displacement of the rear end. The impact energy is absorbed by the spring and is not transferred to the frame. With large deflections, the spring first touches the additional buffer 4, as a result of which its rigidity increases, and then rests against the main buffer. Additional buffers, limiting the deflection of the rear ends of the springs, also reduce the upward rotation of the front axle when braking. After leaving the obstacle, the spring takes its original shape, the frame with the units attached to it and the body oscillate, which are damped by shock absorbers.

Rice. 1. Front suspension of the GAZ-66 car: 1, 12. 13 - rubber cushions; 2, 4 — rubber buffers; 3 - shock absorber; 5 — bracket; 6 - cover; 7 — lining; 8, 9 — rubber bushings; 10 - stepladder; 11 — shock absorber bracket; 14 — spring

The rear suspension is similar in design to the front, but differs only in that it does not have additional buffers. The springs of both suspensions are interchangeable.

Shock absorbers are used to quickly dampen frame vibrations. Modern trucks are equipped with double-acting hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers. The upper eye of the shock absorber is attached to the frame bracket using rubber bushings and a pin, and the lower eye is attached to the axle beam bracket.

The main parts of the shock absorber are: body, working cylinder, casing, piston with rod, compression valve, rebound valve, two bypass valves. The working cylinder is placed inside the housing, a base is welded to it from below, and the cylinder is closed from above by a rod guide. Inside the cylinder there is a piston connected to a rod. The piston is sealed with two cast iron rings. The piston has two rows of holes arranged in circles. Holes on a larger diameter are closed from above by a bypass plate valve, holes on a smaller diameter are blocked from below by a recoil valve plate. Between this valve and the bushing. placed loosely on the rod, there is an annular (throttle) slot. At the base of the cylinder there is one row of holes around the circumference, which are closed at the top by a bypass valve. In the center of the base there is a compression valve.

The rod outlet is sealed with a rubber ring, two rubber and felt seals. The oil seals are placed in a cage. The housing is closed from above with a nut. There are rubber rings between the nut and the seal race, as well as between the race and the rod guide.

The space between the cylinder and the piston is called the reserve cavity; together with the working cylinder, it is filled with liquid.

The work of the shock absorber is as follows. During smooth compression, the piston moves downwards, pressure is created under it, due to which the valve on the piston opens, and the liquid flows into the space above the piston. All the liquid from under the piston cannot flow into the space above the piston, since part of the volume above the piston is occupied by the rod.

Rice. 2. Shock absorber of a GAZ-66 car: 1 - lower eye; 2 — rubber bushing; 3 — base of the working cylinder; 4 - compression valve; 5 — body; 6 - working cylinder; 7, 17 — bypass valves; 8 — recoil valve; 9 - piston; 10 — seal ring; 11 — casing; 12 — upper eye; 13, 15 — oil seals; 14 - nut: 16 - rubber rings; 17 — reserve cavity; - rod; 20— filling rod; 21 — bushing

Therefore, part of the liquid flows through the slightly opening compression valve into the reserve cavity.

With sudden compression, a large pressure is created under the piston, the compression valve opens by a large amount. Liquid flows through the valve into the space above the piston and through the valve into the reserve cavity.

During a smooth recoil stroke, pressure is created in the space above the piston. The liquid flows through the holes on the small diameter of the piston and through the throttle gap between the sleeve and the valve into the space under the piston. At the same time, part of the liquid from the reserve cavity fills the sub-piston space through the valve at the base.

With a sharp recoil, the pressure under the piston increases quickly; overcoming the force of the spring, the fluid opens the recoil valve and passes into the space under the piston. At the same time, liquid enters the same space from the reserve cavity through the valve,

In all cases, when liquid flows through the narrow holes of the valves and the throttle gap, friction of the liquid is created against the walls of the holes and between its layers. Due to this friction, vibrations of the frame are damped. Friction generates heat, so a properly functioning shock absorber must be warm.

The GAZ-53A has the same front suspension design as the GAZ-66. The difference is that there are no additional buffers in the suspension, and the main buffers are attached not to the frame, but to the springs.

The rear suspension has additional leaf springs and does not have shock absorbers. The springs are attached together with the main springs to the bridge beam. Stops with rubber cushions are attached to the frame against the ends of the springs. Additional springs come into play when a loaded vehicle moves on an uneven road.