Tractor T-170. Overview, characteristics, application and operation features

One of the oldest, most powerful tractors with a mechanical transmission is the T-170 tractor . Now it is still on the market, but its characteristics are already far from modern and even somewhat outdated foreign models. However, this does not prevent farmers from using it today in agriculture and, especially, construction. A bulldozer was created on the basis of this crawler tractor, as well as on the basis of its predecessor T-130.

External view of the T-170 tractor

Purpose of the tractor

• plowing of difficult soils, virgin lands;
• cultivation;
• peeling;
• Men at work;
• construction works;
• in spring and winter - snow retention;
• tractor function;
• bulldozer operations;
• harrowing;
• sowing work;
• working with dump trailers;
• work on laying asphalt, pipes, cables.

The T-170 tractor is a device of the 10th traction class. Thanks to the design features, the machine can be operated in any weather conditions, even in severe frost (minus 40 or more).

To carry out the functions of the tractor, several replaceable working components of the chassis were created in production; for example, 7 models of tracked attachments were developed for the T-170. Among other things, this tractor model could work with many types of blades: rotary, spherical, fixed, straight, bulldozer.

Purpose and use of bulldozer

The T-170 bulldozer is a heavy tracked tractor belonging to special industrial equipment, tenth traction class with a powerful multi-fuel engine.

The tractor is unpretentious to operating conditions and can be operated at ambient temperatures below -45°C. This allows it to be used in all regions of the country. The ability of the engine to operate on different types of liquid fuel (diesel fuel, kerosene, gas condensate) makes special equipment indispensable in hard-to-reach areas, communications with which are often disrupted.

The scope of application of the T-170 bulldozer is not limited to its industrial purpose. This car can be seen:

• at production facilities;
• on construction sites;
• in logging;
• in agriculture;
• in road construction.

Despite the discontinuation of bulldozer production in 2002, machine maintenance is not difficult at present.

Model range and modifications

In the T-170 model range, about 80 modifications were produced (over the entire period of factory production of this bulldozer). The most popular modifications are considered to be tractor models with D180 and D160 engines.

Engine D-180

Engine brand D180 is an improved version of D160. Each subsequent model was designed according to the principle of continuity, for this reason it is now easy to find spare parts for any modification of the T-170, because many parts are interchangeable.

Popular modifications of the T-170:

• B-170 - a bulldozer based on the T-170, with increased power of the D180 engine (180 hp);
• T-170 - with D160 engine (160 hp);
• T-170B - swamp modification;
• T-170 M1-01-1E;
• T-170 M1-B01;
• T-170 M1-01;
• T-170 01-1E.

T-170 M1-01-1E

T-170 M1-B01

T-170B 01-2

T-170 01-1E

T-170 M1-01

Specifications

The main advantage of the T-170 over other vehicles of similar characteristics is a three-stage system for developing engine power, which allows you to use the engine resource with the greatest benefit. Another distinctive feature: the equipment operates on three types of fuel (kerosene, diesel, condensed gas). Car models with diesel engines are especially popular in regions with harsh winters.

Weight and dimensions

The weight of the tractor may vary depending on the subtype and modification. The basic model used to work with the pipelayer weighs 17,700 kg, the standard basic model weighs 15,990 kg, and the lightweight model without additional attachments weighs 13,000 kg. Thus, some modifications can no longer be classified as traction class 10, but traction class 15 (the type of attachments used with the machine will depend on this).

The overall dimensions of the basic type equipment are: height – 3250, length – 4210, width – 2480, track – 1880, wheelbase – 2880. All dimensions are given in mm.

engine's type

Engine type for T-170:

• multi-fuel;
• four-stroke;
• diesel+turbocharged;
• power 170 hp;
• fuel consumption per hour 218 g/kW/hour;
• power in kW - 125;
• brand - D180.111.1-1.

Engine D-180

Fuel consumption when driving on different types of roads is not the same: when driving on a highway, the car consumes 9 liters. fuel per hour, when driving around the city - 12 liters. at one o'clock.

When driving over rough terrain - 10 liters. at one o'clock. The fuel tank capacity is 300 liters, the liquid capacity in the cooling system is 60 liters, the final drive is 12 liters, the mechanical transmission is 50 liters. Engine cooling system: liquid.

Transmission

Gearbox type: 8 forward, 4 reverse gears. The gearbox can be tailored for the installation of a PTO or not (depending on the modification). If necessary, in a swamp modification, you can transform the gearbox to operate in 6-speed modes.

Transmission and chassis

Transmission type on T-170:

• clutch is closed;
• dry friction;
• hydroserved.

T-170 chassis system

On models produced by the plant in the last years of model production, the transmission was of two types: hydromechanical and mechanical. The chassis is bogie type. The semi-rigid three-point suspension is more comfortable than the classic spring suspension. Helps to effectively use equipment on dense soils. A distinctive design feature: the tractor can be transported along railway tracks (not only on a forklift).

Cabin

The operator's cabin has the following advantages:

• convenient location of levers;
• large glazing area;
• heating;
• sun curtains;
• modern design;
• comfortable soft seat;
• indicators and indicators on the instrument panel;
• installation of air conditioning and heater is allowed;
• A durable protective frame protects the tractor operator from damage when stones or large branches fall on the cab roof.

Tractor T-170B

Tractor control

The basis of the movement mechanism of a bulldozer is a crawler carriage. It operates on six support rollers, with two additional support rollers installed. This is a basic model, recognized in production as the best for increasing maneuverability and stability of equipment. In the T-170 swamp modifications, the track shoes are 900 mm wide, which reduces the pressure on the ground. The tractor is controlled using control levers directly from the operator’s cab.

To start the car, an electric starter is used, which receives power from a generator and battery.

Operating experience of the T-170 bulldozer

Speaking about using a tractor in various fields of activity, many highlight the main advantages and disadvantages: Advantages:

• Machine reliability.
• The cost of the tractor is relatively low compared to its analogues.
• Maintainability.
• Operation in various climatic zones.
• Extensive dealer network of the ChTZ Plant, availability of spare parts.
• The tractor's engine life reaches 10 thousand engine hours.

Another significant plus is the ability of the T-170 to operate on various types of fuel. Flaws:

• The weak point is the friction clutches; since the time of the T-130 they have remained unchanged and are most often replaced.
• Compared to Western competitors, the control of the machine is much more complicated.
• Insufficient sound insulation.
• The comfort of the driver’s workplace remains at the level of the 80s.

How tractor drivers themselves speak about their machines:

1. I got behind the levers of this heavy tractor while working in the construction industry. The equipment I worked with was a grader knife, and I also had to use a “fang” ripper. I have been using the levers of this device for almost five years now, and have not yet experienced any serious problems. During operation, only consumables were changed, and the fingers on the goosenecks were worn out. The performance is satisfactory, we have opened concrete with it, and it loosens the ground frozen to 30 cm without any problems. In my opinion, good equipment, for not a lot of money.
2. I am the owner of a company that makes money by renting out various special equipment. When the time came to replace a couple of heavy tracked tractors that had retired, it was decided to opt for the T-170 produced at ChTZ. I will explain my decision very simply. By that time we were already familiar with the machine and had operating experience. The tractor is repairable, and although it is no longer mass-produced, the plant continues to produce all components. In general, both purchased machines have been rented by various organizations more than once, for a variety of jobs, and no problems or complaints have arisen.
3. Coming out of the army in 1997, I had some experience working with heavy bulldozers. This experience helped me get a job in one of the construction companies in our city. And he immediately got on the T-170 bulldozer, the levers of which he subsequently spent 7 years. So there was plenty of time to get to know the technology closely. I can say that in Russian climatic conditions, this tractor behaves more than worthy, while the Western analogues, extolled by everyone, behave much more capriciously in our realities. I won’t describe the advantages, I’ll just express my opinion. A good domestically produced bulldozer that copes with the responsibilities assigned to it.

Attachments

Attachments for the T-170 tractor must be purchased based on compliance with the traction class (10th). All equipment produced by the Chelyabinsk TP is suitable for this model. In addition to attachments from ChTZ, the T-170 can use attachments from Belarus tractors and other domestic and foreign equipment of similar weight.

Attachments for tractor T-170:

• soil ripper (single-tooth);
• winches;
• shovels-dumps of various types;
• loaders;
• buckets;
• stump removers;
• towing devices;
• rigid couplings for any type of equipment;
• dump trailers;
• carts;
• seeders;
• harrows;
• agricultural and industrial milling cultivator;
• asphalt pavers;
• devices for driving piles;
• cable layers (type KVG1, KVG2);
• pipe layers (type TP12, TP20 and others).

Pipelayer TR-12

Buying a bulldozer: features of choice

The desire to buy a bulldozer of this traction class, even one that has worked well, requires the investment of considerable resources. Therefore, you need to have a good understanding of what parameters to focus on, what you should definitely pay close attention to, otherwise you will end up purchasing something that is not clear.

First, having found out the cost of the equipment, pay attention to its appearance and what attachments are present. Traditionally, equipment is sold with a bulldozer blade, less often it is also equipped with a ripper. When these attachments are missing, be sure to try to reduce the price of the unit.

Then carefully inspect the engine and hydraulic elements to ensure there are no oil leaks. Check how susceptible the tractor is to corrosion. Next, check the condition of the tracks. At the same time, look at the wear of the fingers and tracks.

To change the tracks, you will have to invest a lot, so such an inspection is important. It’s better to invite a tractor driver who understands special equipment to control it. The average price range for bulldozers of this model is 400,000–3,500,000. A high price is asked for equipment after a major overhaul, when it is brought to the condition of a new tractor.

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Video: bulldozer T-170.

Features of operation and maintenance

Operating rules for the T-170 tractor:

• it is allowed to start the machine only in the neutral position of the gearbox switch;
• If the movement blocking device is faulty, starting the tractor is prohibited!
• always close the doors while the car is moving;
• ensure that the alarm system and lighting are in good working order;
• if there are people on the work site, turn on the sound signal;
• adjust the seat height to suit the operator’s height;
• Carry out repair work on the engine only after the parts have cooled;
• monitor the fluid pressure in the hydraulic system, oil and fuel levels.

Maintenance rules for the T-170 tractor

• periodically (every 50, 100, 200 operating hours and once a season) check the condition of fasteners, device parts, attachment mounting systems, tighten mechanisms, check the gearbox and transmission, as well as adjust node connections;
• when idle, “mothball” the tractor by draining the fuel and leaving the equipment isolated from moisture and dampness;
• under difficult operating conditions (high humidity levels, high dust levels, etc.), check the maintenance schedule with specialists;
• hand over all waste substances for recycling;
• do not allow oil to leak.

Basic faults and repairs

Table 1. Main malfunctions of the T170 tractor - causes and solutions.

History of creation

In anticipation of the story about the bulldozer, it is worth briefly recalling the history of that enterprise, which became a symbol of the revival of our country. Even in the pre-war years, ChTZ became a leading plant producing tractors. It is impossible to overestimate the contribution of the manufacturer to the industrialization of the young state. They decided to build a tractor giant in the Urals in 1929. Chelyabinsk was chosen as the site of the new machine-building center.

This choice is not accidental, since it was facilitated by regional industrial traditions - developed infrastructure, abundance of qualified personnel. When Caterpillar refused to contribute to the development of a master plan for the future enterprise, the Americans organized a bureau in Detroit, in which an international team, including 12 Americans and 40 of our engineers, worked together on the plan.

Already in the summer of 1930, the first workshops of the enterprise were officially opened. The project embodied all the accumulated experience of world mechanical engineering at that time, which allowed the new plant to become truly the largest enterprise, which had no analogues on the planet.

The contribution of ChTZ to the victory of our army on the fronts of the Second World War is invaluable. During the period of hostilities, tractor manufacturers produced 18,000 various military units, a lot of ammunition, engines for tanks and scarce spare parts.

Immediately after the war, the plant reoriented itself to the production of civilian equipment, launching active activities in this direction. By 1949, the company was producing 25 cars every day. By the mid-fifties, Ural products were purchased by farmers in Europe, Asia, Africa and South America.

Throughout the seventies, the enterprise experienced a process of modernization. It was then that the plant began producing promising tractors, the T-130 model. The millionth machine rolled off the assembly line in 1984; four years later, the company established an annual production of 31,700 units. It was then that a new tractor was born, called the T-170. They stopped producing it only in 2002.